Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IP 11 Equine Medicine > exam 3 - oral cavity and esophagus > Flashcards

exam 3 - oral cavity and esophagus Flashcards

1
Q

what are some developmental abnormalities to look for in patients?

A
  • oligodontia
  • supernumery teeth
  • dentigerous cyst
  • malocclusion
  • cleft palate
  • wry nose
  • pharyngeal cysts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 conditions that cause malocclusion?

A

prognathism

brachygnathism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is stomatitis?

A

inflammation of the soft tissues of the oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

t/f

stomatitis can be infectious or non infectious

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what stomatitis conditions can be of viral origin?

A

vesicular stomatitis
EVA
EHV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what chemical irritants can cause non infectious stomatitis?

A

cantharadins [blister beetles in alfalfa hay]

creosote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what drug reactions can cause non infectious stomatitis?

A

NSAID toxicity

enrofloxacin [oral]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what physical irritants can cause non infectious stomatitis?

A

foreign bodies

common ex: foxtails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does Rhabdovirus cause in what species?

A

vesicular stomatitis

horses, cattle, swine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

t/f

vesicular stomatitis is reportable

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what seasons is vesicular stomatitis MC?

in what regions of the US?

A

summer and fall

in Western US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how is vesicular stomatitis transmitted?

A

indirect: via insects
direct: horse to horse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what signs/lesions will a horse with vesicular stomatitis display?

A

mucosal sluffing of the mouth

coronary band lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the incubation time of vesicular stomatitis?

A

24-27 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how large are vesicles in vesicular stomatitis?

A

up to 2 cm in diameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

c/s of vesicular stomatitis?

A 
fever
profuse salivaiton
dysphagia
anorexia
weight loss
lameness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

vesicular stomatitis dx?

A

serology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

vesicular stomatitis Tx?

A

supportive care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are some common developmental dental issues?

A

crowding
retained cups
malocclusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are common dental issues that horses face?

A 
dental caries
various developmental issues
tooth fragments
pulpitis
EOTRH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are dental caries?

A

destruction of the calcified dental tissues => bacT fermentation => CHO’s => acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the MC loc of dental caries?

A

maxillary infundibular cemental caries

over 75% of older horses

23
Q

t/f

dental caries are the same thing as infundibular cemental hypoplasia

A

false

different conditoins

24
Q

what is pulpitis?

A

dental pulp infection / inflammation of the pulp

25
Q

what causes pulpitis?

A
  • trauma / fractures
  • excessive tooth reduction
  • thermal damage [power equipment]
  • bacT penetration
26
Q

t/f

pulpitis is non painful sinusitis / fistula

A

false

painful sinusitis / fistula

27
Q

what is EOTRH?

A

equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis

28
Q

what teeth does EOTRH affect?

what age?

A

incisors / canines

geriatric horses

29
Q

what is the etiopathogenesis of EOTRH?

A

unknown

immune mediated

30
Q

Tx of EOTRH?

A

extraction

31
Q

what occurs during EOTRH?

A

resorptive or proliferative changes of calcified dental tissues

periodontitis

non healing fistulous tracts in teeth

fragment fracutre and fall out

32
Q

what salivary glands exist in horse?

A

parotid
mandibular
sublingual

33
Q

what salivary gland is the largest?

A

parotid

34
Q

where is the parotid gland duct loc?

A

duct opens near 107/207

35
Q

where does the duct of the mandibular salivary gland open ?

A

sublingual caruncle

36
Q

where does the sublingual salivary gland open?

A

sublingual fold

37
Q

what causes sialoadentitis?

A

ascending infection

2* to trauma -> damaged duct so it does not work properly

38
Q

what is the cause of sialolithiasis?

A

calculi formation in the parotid duct

39
Q

what is the Tx of sialolithiasis?

A

surgical removal

40
Q

what is pharyngitis?

cause?

A

follicular lymphoid hyperplasia d/t antigenic stimulation

common in young horses

41
Q

what is choke?

A

esophageal obstruction

42
Q

what are some predisposing factors to choke?

A 
bolting food
change in feed
POOR DENTITION***
neuro dys function
foreign body [treats, apples]
neoplasia
abscess
SEDATION***
exhaustion / dehydration
esophagitis
megaesophagus
43
Q

c/s of esophageal obstruction?

A

stop eating
acute distress - pawing, sweating, anxious, signs of colic

saliva / feed material from nose and mouth

esophageal spasm

“retching”

44
Q

dx of esophageal obstruction?

A 
Hx
c/s
unable to pass tube
endoscopy
radiographs [barium study]
45
Q

Tx of esophageal obstruction?

A 
complete PE
sedate heavily / muscle relaxant
gently pass tube to obstruction
copious lavage -> aspiration pneumonia
withhold feed
anti inflammatory - esophagitis
abx [broad spectrum]
46
Q

what is important to remember about horse breathing when dealing with esophageal obstruction?

A

they are obligate nasal breathers

so do NOT suffocate them while trying to Tx them

47
Q

what Tx options for esophageal obstruction that are especially difficult cases?

A 
endoscopy
fluid therapy
barium study
general anesthesia; relaxation*****
esophagostomy - poor prognosis at this point***
48
Q

what complications may arise from esophageal obstruction?

A

aspiration pneumonia
stricture
diverticulum
rupture - very poor prognosis

49
Q

what may occur if stricture occurs after an esophageal obstruction?

A
  • recurrent choke may occur
  • gruel
  • GUARDED PROGNOSIS
50
Q

what is a common cause of esophagitis?

A

esophageal reflux

51
Q

what is a common cause of esophageal rupture?

A

trauma

52
Q

what are some common causes of dysphagia?

A
  • CrN dysfunction

- d/t: gutteral pouch disease, neuro dz, toxins, trauma

53
Q

gutteral pouch infection may affect which CrNn?

A

7, 9, 10, 11, 12

54
Q

what are some common signs that indicate CrN dysfunction?

A 
regurgitation
nasal discharge
salivation
weight loss
aspiration pneumonia

IP 11 Equine Medicine (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions