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Gross Anatomy 2 > Exam 3 Nerves > Flashcards

Exam 3 Nerves Flashcards

0
Q

What is the innervervation of the external oblique muscle?

A

Anterior primary rami of lower 6 thoracic nerves

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1
Q

What is the innervation to the anterior abdominal wall?

A

Lower 6 thoracic nerves

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2
Q

What is the innervation of the internal oblique muscle?

A

Anterior primary rami of lower 6 thoracic and first lumbar nerves

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3
Q

Innervation of transversus abdominis?

A

Anterior primary rami of lower 6 thoracic and first lumbar nerves

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4
Q

Innervation of rectus abdominis muscle?

A

Anterior primary rami of the lower 6 thoracic nerves

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5
Q

Innervation of pyramidalis muscle?

A

Subcostal nerve

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6
Q

What nerves are enclosed by the rectus sheath?

A

Anterior primary rami of the lower 6 thoracic nerves

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7
Q

What nerve transmits through the inguinal canal?

A

ilioinguinal nerve

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8
Q

Innervation of cremaster muscle?

A

Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve (L1,L2)

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9
Q

What are the two branches of the ilioinguinal nerve?

A

Femoral branch and anterior scrotal/anterior labial nerve

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10
Q

What does the femoral branch of the ilioinguinal nerve supply?

A

Suppliers the upper medial part of the thigh

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11
Q

What does the anterior scrotal/anterior labial nerve supply?

A

Anterior scrotal: root of penis and anterior part of scrotum

Anterior labial: mons pubis and anterior part of labia majora

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12
Q

The parietal peritoneum is supplied by what nerves?

A

1) phrenic nerve
2) ilioinguinal
3) iliohypogastric
4) intercostal
5) subcostal
P
Ilio
Ilio
Costal
Costal

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13
Q

The parietal peritoneum is very sensitive to what?

A

Pain

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14
Q

What nerves supply the visceral peritoneum?

A

Autonomic nerves

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15
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the foregut?

A

Greater splanchnic nerves (T5-T9)

Lesser splanchnic nerves (T10-T11)

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16
Q

What is the sympathetic division of the midgut?

A

Greater splanchnic nerves (T5-T9)

Lesser splanchnic nerves (T10-T11)

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17
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the hindgut?

A

Lumbar splanchnic nerves (L1-L2)

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18
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the foregut?

A

Vagus nerve

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19
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the midgut?

A

Vagus nerve

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20
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the hindgut?

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)

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21
Q

What effects are produced from the sympathetic activation of the gastrointestinal tract?

A

Decreases motility and tone and contracts sphincters

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22
Q

What are the effects of parasympathetic activation of the gastrointestinal tract?

A

Increase motility and tone, and relaxes sphincters

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23
Q

Which nervous system activation of the gastrointestinal tract contracts sphincters and decreases motility?

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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24
Q

What is the enteric nervous system?

A

It is a regional nervous system of nerves specific to the gut. It is semi independent of the CNS

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25
Q

Where is the submucosal plexus?

A

Within the submucosa near border with muscularis externa

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26
Q

Postganglionic fibers from the submucosal plexus supply what?

A

Supplies muscularis mucosae and mucus secreting glands

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27
Q

Where is the myenteric plexus?

A

Between circular and longitudinal layers of muscularis externa

28
Q

Postganglionic fibers of the myenteric plexus supply what?

A

The circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers of muscularis externa and stimulate peristalsis

29
Q

The submucosal plexus and myenteric plexus are part of what nervous system?

A

Enteric nervous system

30
Q

The nerve supply to the stomach is from what plexus?

A

Celiac plexus

31
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the stomach?

A

Greater splanchnic nerves (T5-T9)

32
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the stomach?

A

Vagus nerve

33
Q

What is the innervation of the duodenum?

A

Autonomic fibers from the celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses

34
Q

What is the innervation of the jejunum and ileum?

A

Autonomic fibers from the superior mesenteric plexus

35
Q

What is the innervation of the liver?

A

Autonomic and pain fibers are from the hepatic plexus which is an extension of the celiac plexus

36
Q

The hepatic plexus is an extension of what other plexus?

A

Celiac plexus…

Just checking!

37
Q

What is the innervation of the gall bladder?

A

Autonomic and pain fibers from the celiac plexus

38
Q

What is the innervation of the pancreas?

A

Autonomic and pain fibers from the celiac plexus

39
Q

What is the innervation of the spleen?

A

Mainly sympathetic from celiac plexus

40
Q

What two nerves supply the parasympathetic innervation a to the abdominal viscera?

A

1) Vagus nerve

2) pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4)

41
Q

The vagus nerve supplies preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to what structures of the abdominal viscera?

A

Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine (through right 2/3 of transverse colon)

42
Q

What other abdominal viscera receive their parasympathetic innervation from the vagus?

A

Kidney
Liver
Pancreas
Spleen

43
Q

How does pelvic splanchnic nerves supply preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the left 1/3 of the transverse colon?

A

Through the upper part of the anal canal

44
Q

Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers carried by the vagus and pelvic splanchnic nerves synapse?

A

The py synapse in terminal ganglia which lie within organs they innervate

45
Q

Where are the preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies of the abdominal viscera located?

A

Within spinal cord segments T1-L2

46
Q

How does the sympathetic trunk enters the abdomen?

A

By passing posterior to the medial accurate ligament.

It descends on the vertebral column, medial to the posts major muscle

47
Q

Where does the right trunk of the sympathetic trunk lie?

A

Behind the inferior vena cava

48
Q

Where does the left trunk of the sympathetic trunk lie?

A

Lateral to the aorta

49
Q

Both sides of the sympathetic trunk continue into the pelvis Anterior to what?

A

Anterior to the sacrum

50
Q

What two things make up the sympathetic nerve supply to the abdominal viscera?

A

Sympathetic trunk which gives rise to the splanchnic nerves

51
Q

What gives rise to thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves?

A

The sympathetic trunk… We literally just went over this!

52
Q

What do the thoracic and. Lumbar splanchnic nerves contain within them?

A

Preganglionic sympathetic and afferent fibers

53
Q

What levels do the thoracic and lumbar nerves arise from, and what are their names?

A

Greater splanchnic nerve (T5-T9)
Lesser splanchnic nerves (T10-T11)
Least splanchnic nerves (T12)
Lumbar splanchnic nerves (L1-L4)

54
Q

Sympathetic innervation to the stomach through the right 2/3 of the transverse colon originates in what spinal cord segments?

A

Originates in the 5th through 11th thoracic spinal cord segments

55
Q

Sympathetic innervation to the left 1/3 of the transverse colon through the upper part of the anal canal originates from what spinal cord segments?

A

Originates in lumbar spinal cord segments

56
Q

The preganglionic fibers from the 5th through 11th spinal segments pass through the sympathetic trunk and are carried by greater and lesser splanchnic nerves to where?

A

Celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses, where they synapse

57
Q

The preganglionic fibers from the lumbar segments pass through the sympathetic trunk and are carried by the lumbar splanchnic nerves to where?

A

To the inferior mesenteric plexus

58
Q

The celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric ganglia contain the cell bodies of which neurons?

A

Postganglionic sympathetic neurons

59
Q

The preganglionic sympathetic fibers carried by the splanchnic nerves synapse in the ganglia of the celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia, it travels to the ganglia of the organs they innervate through what?

A

Periarterial plexus

60
Q

The fibers carrying pain sensation for the area from the stomach to the middle of the of the sigmoid colon run with sympathetic to where?

A

Thoracic and lumbar spinal sensory ganglia

61
Q

The visceral afferent fibers carrying reflex information for the area from the stomach to the middle of the sigmoid colon run with what?

A

Runs with the vagus to Vagal sensory ganglia

62
Q

Both pain sensation and reflex information from what area is carried to spinal sensory ganglia of S2, S3, and S4?

A

From the distal to the middle of the sigmoid colon

63
Q

The various autonomic plexuses of the abdomen lie where?

A

In front of the aorta and extend along its branches

64
Q

What do the various autonomic plexuses of the abdominal viscera contain?

A

1) parasympathetic fibers
2) sympathetic fibers
3) afferent fibers
4) autonomic fibers

65
Q

The autonomic plexuses of the abdomen are named for the arteries which they lie upon. What are they?

A

1) celiac plexus
2) superior mesenteric plexus
3) aortic plexus
4) inferior mesenteric plexus

66
Q

The portion of the aortic plexus between the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries is called what?

A

Intermesenteric plexus

67
Q

The aortic plexus continues downward to form the superior hypo gastric plexus just below what?

A

The bifurcation of the aorta

Gross Anatomy 2 (6 decks)

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