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Biology > Exam 3 Lecture 19 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Lecture 19 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

arise from 2 tissue layers from the embryo

A

Diploblastic animal

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2
Q
  • Simplest of living animals
  • Body plan is similar to a
    vase with small pores
    along its sides
A

Sponges

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3
Q

Three layers for sponges

A

Epidermis
Mesophyl
choanocytes

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4
Q

Exterior
protection

A

epidermis

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5
Q

Mid layer
digestion
reproduction
skeletal secretion

A

Mesohyl

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6
Q

Interior
intracellular digestion of dissolved organic matter

A

Choanocytes

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7
Q

nerves
epithelium
light sensitive cells
pseudo muscles

A

Special cells of cnidarians

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7
Q
  • Common body plan
  • Tentacles surround a
    mouth
  • Mouth leads to a gastric
    cavity
  • Waste also excreted
    through mouth
A

Cnidarians

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8
Q

Three layers of cnidarians

A

ectoderm
mesoglea-jelly of jelly fish
endoderm

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9
Q

tight layer
of cells lining all body
compartments

A

Epithelium

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10
Q

simple neural
net (no brain)

A

Cnidarian nerves

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11
Q

simple eyes

A

light sensitive cells

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12
Q

no
true muscle cells, but
they do have cells that
allow for movement

A

pseudo muscles

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13
Q

Used to be thought to be
closely related to
cnidarians
* Move using the
coordinated beating of
cilia

A

Ctenophores

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14
Q

Annelids

A

segmented worms

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15
Q
  • Bilaterally symmetrical
  • Cylindrical body with
    repeated segments
  • Segments modified to
    become different
    structures
A

Segmented worms (annelids)

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16
Q
  • True organs & muscles
  • Organ systems
  • Nervous
  • Digestive
  • Closed circulatory
    system
  • Nitrogenous waste
A

Evolutionary advancements for annelids

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17
Q
  • Gastropods
  • Cephalopods
  • Bivalves
A

Mollusks

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18
Q

Marine, freshwater,
and terrestrial
* Has a modified coelom
that has become small
cavities around organs
* In terrestrial species,
gill has become a
simple lung

A

Gastropods

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19
Q

Snail

A

Gastropod

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20
Q

Predators with a
unique body plan
* Jet propulsion system
(siphon)
* Arms and tentacles to
capture prey

A

Cephalopods

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21
Q

Squid

A

cephalopods

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22
Q

What animal has:
* Well developed neural
anatomy
* Excellent eyesight
* Problem-solving
intelligence

A

Cephalopods

23
Q
  • Similar anatomy to
    gastropods and
    cephalopods (except
    no head)
  • Filter feeders
  • Skeleton is two hard
    shells connected by a
    hinge
A

Bivalves

24
Q

What animal:
* Have an incurrent and
outcurrent siphon
* Takes in food & oxygen
and expels waste

A

Bivalves

25
Q
  • Chelicerates
  • Myriapods
  • Crustaceans
  • Insects
A

Arthropods

26
Q

what is the most diverse animal phylum

A

Arthropods

27
Q

Who had these evolutionary adaptations:
* Desiccation resistant
eggs
* Wings
* Specialized respiratory
system
* Metamorphosis – major
change from one
developmental stage to
another

A

Insects

28
Q

separates life into eating
stage and reproductive
stage, and changes
entire body plan to best
accommodate both
activities

A

Metomorphosis

29
Q

pores in
the exoskeleton (insects)

A

Spiracles

30
Q

internal
system of tubes that
directs oxygen and
removes carbon
dioxide (insects)

A

Tracheae

31
Q

Hemichordates
Echinoderms
Chordates

anus forms before the mouth

A

Deuterostome Animals

32
Q

Acorn worms and pterobranchs

A

Hemichordates

33
Q

these are openings between the pharynx, or throat, and the outside
-function in feeding and respiration

A

Pharyngeal slits

34
Q

ventral or lateral in all
previously seen
organisms

A

ventral or lateral in all
previously seen
organisms

35
Q

Sea stars, sea urchins,
and sea cucumbers

A

Echinoderms

36
Q

Unique adaptations:
* Water vascular system
– permit bulk flow of
oxygen and nutrients
* Tube feet – projection
of water vascular
system used for
locomotion and
feeding
Pentaradial symmetry
(in addition to being
bilaterally
symmetrical)
* Exoskeleton of porous
calcitewhat unique adaptations do echinoderms

A

Echinoderm adaptations

37
Q
  • Cephalochordates
  • Tunicates
  • Vertebrates
A

chordates

38
Q

pharyngeal slits
-notochord
-neural tube
myotomes
tail

A

Defining characteristics of chordates

39
Q

stiff rod of
collagen along the back

A

Notochord

40
Q

early feature of
embryonic development;
becomes dorsal nerve cord

A

Neural Tube

41
Q

Has key chordate
traits
* Lacks a well-
developed brain
and eyes
* No lateral
appendages
* No mineralized
skeleton

A

Cephalochordates

42
Q
  • Has key chordate
    traits in larval form
  • Adult filter feeding
    form only has
    pharyngeal slits in
    common with
    cordate traits
A

Tunicates

43
Q
  • Have backbones
  • Cranium
  • Well-developed brain
  • Pair of eyes
  • Distinctive mouth
  • Internal skeleton
  • Coelom
  • Closed circulatory system
  • Pharyngeal slits
    (embryonically)
A

Vertabrae

44
Q

What is the most diverse of vertebrates

A

Fish

45
Q
  • Amphibians
  • Reptiles
  • Birds
  • Mammals
A

Tetrapod’s

46
Q

Has an aquatic larval form

A

Amphibians

47
Q

Adult form with simple lungs

A

Amphibians

48
Q

Need to keep their skin wet as a secondary means of respiration

A

Amphibians

49
Q

Includes:
* Reptiles
* Birds
* Mammals
Evolved amniotic egg
to reproduce without
water
* Internal fertilization

A

Amniotes

50
Q
  • Evolved from
    dinosaur ancestors
  • Lack teeth
  • Scales modified into
    feathers
  • Hollow bones
  • Circular breathing
A

Birds

51
Q
  • Covered in hair
  • Produce milk to
    feed their young
A

Mammals

52
Q

mammal groups

A

monotremes
-marsupials
-placentals

53
Q

Earliest group lay eggs

A

monotremes

54
Q

premature birth

A

marsupials

55
Q

create
temporary organ
(placenta) to
nourish the embryo

A

placentals

56
Q

what are the three types of Mullosks

A

Bivalves
cephlapod
gastropod

Biology (6 decks)

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