Exam 3 - just ABX and its indication lecture 1 Flashcards by Studying Nightly

what are the four indications for s.pyogens and what medication could u give?

MEAP
1. meningitis
2. endocarditis
3. arthrisis
4. pharyngitis

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what are the indications for S.virdans? what rx can u give?

endocarditis, meningitis
give PCN

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what are the two indicationsfor s. pneuomia? what rx do u give?

you give PCN
1. pneumonia - give 3rd gen cephalosporin
2. meningitis - needs to establish pcn sensitivity first by giving other drugs

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what rx do you give along w pcn to treat endocarditis casued by enterococci?

PCN with gentamicin (only for endo caused by enterococci)

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what rx do you give for pregascny women with t.pallidum?

PCN (not doxy since its contraindicated)

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what rx do you give to adults/children/preg to those with B.burgdorferi? - lyme disease

for adults + children = doxy/amoxicillin/cefuroxime
preg = only amoxcillin

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what bacteria casueses gas gangrene given with anti toxcin and how would you tx it?

C.perferinges
tx w PCN

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what bacteria casues listeriosis and what can it progess to? what abx do u give to tx?

bacteria: L. monocytogenese
can lead to food poisoning which can progress to meningitits
RX: PCN

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what two things does actinomyces isrealli attack and how do u tx it ?

attacks the skin and pulm
tx it w PCN

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what are the 5 drugs that are isoxazolyl PCN and their importance?

I - make coffee do not overthink
1. methicillin - 1st drug made but quickly became resisitant to staphylococci
2. cloxacillin - PO
3. DICLOXACILLIN - famous - rapidly excreted by kidney , given PO or IV
4. nafcillin - IV, can lead to increase nephrotoxicity **BUT NOT USED OR MSSA **
5. Oxacillin - IV

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what are the two indication that you can use isoxazolyl PCN?

S.epidermidis
MSSA

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which iso PCN is not often used for MSSA?

nafcillin which can lead to high nephrotoxciity

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which ISO PCN drug is given PO/IV and is rapidly excreted in the kidney?

DICLOXACILLIN

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what bacteria does isoxazolyl PCN kill?

they kill staphylococci bacterias so S.epidermidis and MSSA (not nafcillin)

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what group of drugs came out to kill gram negatives? and what are the drugs? explain each one.

aminopenicillin
1. amipicillin - IV/ IM
2. amoxicillin - PO, better bioaviabiality than ampicillin
3. augmentin - expand spectrum
+ clavulate acid (b lactase inhibitor)

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what are three URI bacteira that you can give aminopenicillin for?

URI
1. S. pyrogens
2. s. pneuomoniae
3. H. influenza

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what are exmaples of URI that you can give aminopenicillin for?

sinusitits, acute otisits media, bronchitsis, epiglottisis

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what other 7 indications can you give aminopencillin for?

UTI - 7 dz
meningitis - caused by L.monocytogenes (food posiening that can lead to meningitis)
salmonella - diarreha
lyme diesease - good for preg/lactation
pasturella multocida - cat biting
dental prophylaxis
gravid

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what is first in line for tx UTI?

nitrofurantoin#1 or fosfomycin
cipro #2

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what rx could you give for dental prophylaxis and/or before delivery?

aminopenicilin - it manipulates the gingiva and bacteria in the blood and KILLS GBS before baby delivery

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what spectrum do carboxypenicillin and ureidopenicillin include?

pseudomonas!

what is the ureidopenicclin drug and what do you give it for?

piperacillin + tazo –> give for three bx
1. p.aeurginosa
2. bacteriodes
3. enterobacteriace

INCLUDES PSEUDOMONAS

what is one carboxypenicllin and what do u give it for?

-Ticarcillin + clavulanate
give it for when u dont know what bacteira is casuing it –> since this has a broad specturm

what would u give b-lactamase inhibitors for?

**beta –> students have new school schedule AND exams keep brains mushy **
* Staphylococci
* H. influenza
* N. gonorrhoeae
* Salmonella
* Shigella
* E. coli
* K. pneumoniae
* B. fragilis
* M. catarrhalis

which PCN drug would produce a bad rash if given when theres a viral infection?

ampicillin and amoxicillin

which PCN drug will casue neutropenia ?

nafcillin

which PCN drug wipes out the gut floor except C.Diff?

ampicillin

# ``` which cephalosporin drug would you give for surgery prophylaxis?

1st gen - cefazolin

which cephalosporin drug has a huge volume of distburition?

cefazolin

which cephalosporin drug is amazing for UTI and why? what other two drugs are similiar to this?

cephalexin- given PO its unmetabolzied in the kidney so great for UTI - cephadrine and cefadroxil are very similiar

which cephalosporin drugs do you give for bacteroides fragillis?

cefotetan and cefoxitim

what is cefuroxime axetil?

it is the PO version of cefuroxime and its used for lyme dz

what two bacteira does cefuroxime cover?

- s.pneumonia - h.influenza

which cephalosproin has a LONG halflife and crosses the BBB?

cefuroxime

what three meds can u give for salmonella?

ceftrixone, ampicillin, fluroquinolone

what three meds can you give for n.meningitis?

ampicilinn+vanco+ceftrixone

which 3rd and 4th gen cephalosporin drug do you give for p.aeruginosa?

3rd - ceftzidime and cefoperazone 4th - cefepime

what are the five things that can be. tx w ceftriaxone?

1. acute cholecyistiits (since its excreted in biliary tract) 2. salmonella - cef / fluro/ ampi 3. n.mengingits - cef + ampi + vanco 4. n.gonorreha - cef + doxxy 5. lymze dz - good CNS penetration

can you giev ceftriaxone to someonew ith kidneey disease?

YES!!! its excreted in the biliary duct so you can give it to someon w kidney dz

what does cefepime cover?

p.aeruginosa and it also has good enterobacteria coverage as well as gram +/- and pseudomonal cov

which drug casues HYPOprothrombinemia?

cefotetan and ceperazone (2rd and 3th gen) you take it w VIT K

which drug casues disulfiram like rx so you cannot drink alc w it?

cefotetan and cefperazone

which drug causes hemolytic anemia ?

cephalosporin drugs - this is when immunoglobin attacks RBC

what are the bacterias that carbapenme kills?

LESSPAA 1. listeria 2. enterococci 3. staphylococci 4. streptococci 5. psudeomonas 6. anearboes 7. acinetoBACTER

whats the differneceb between meropenem, doripenem, and ertapenem?

1. meropenem is similair to imipenem but it doesnt need cilastatin since it came out later 2. doripenem - MORE EFFECTIVE TWD psuedomaonas 3. ertapenm - DOESNT HAVE PSEUDOMONAS cov but it has a longer half life and BETTER COV FOR anaeorboes

which carbapenem has a better cov toward pseudomonas?

doripenem!

which carbopenem has a better coverge to anaerboes such as intraabdominal and intrapelvic infection?

ertapenem

which drugs should u give if u have a PCN allergy?

aztreonam -- monobactam class

what are azetrenam indications?

(aerobic gram negative rods, pseudomonas) 1. (gram - bacilli) = e.coli, k. pneumonia, H. influenza 2. (gram - bacilli) = S.marcescens, P.mirabillis, Acientobacter, citrobacter, enterobacter 3. (gram - bacilli) = p. aeruginosa

when do u give vancomycin?

1. pseudomembranous colitis casued by C.diff 2. resp illness caused by MRSA 3. CNS - strep pneuonmia, staph meningiges 4. skin + soft tissies + bone + joint 5. endocarditis - casued by MRSA or s.virdens