Exam 3 Histo diseases/disorders

Question 1

Elephantiasis

Answer 1

lymphatic malfunction with fluid accumulation

Question 2

Varicose veins

Answer 2

valve failure in extremities leads to blood pooling- usually in legs

Question 3

Atherosclerosis

Answer 3

focal thickening of intima. Theses can get very large, Get worse after clot formation after plaque ruptures.

Question 4

lymphadenopathy

Answer 4

paracortical reaction following activation of HEVS

virus activates endothelial cells, which increase selection expression

number entering is roughly equal to the tuber of cells leaving via lymphatic

Question 5

HIV

Answer 5

infection targets helper T cells, loose ability to make antibodies.

Question 6

DVT

Answer 6

breakage of thrombus, travels to heart and causes heart attack (vs PE which causes stroke)

Question 7

MI

Answer 7

coronary artery occlusion, loss of muscle mass reduces force of contraction, bad if death extends to purkinje fibers

muscle fibers replaced with CT

Question 8

Angina pectoris

Answer 8

deprivation of oxygen causes death of cardiac muscles, which leads to angina pectoris

Question 9

Lymphoma, hodgkin vs non hodgkins

Answer 9

excessive proliferation of lymphocytes, if visible in blood called leukemia. Irregular contours. Hodgkin, reed sterner cells with bilobed nucleus

Question 10

Acne

Answer 10

p acnes colonization of sebaceous glands, resulting in lytic enzyme release

Question 11

pemphigus

Answer 11

autoimmune response to desmoglein in desmosome

Question 12

impetigo

Answer 12

serine protease released during staph infection, desosome

Question 13

bulls pemphigoid

Answer 13

hemidesmosome collagen autoimmune

Question 14

cystic fibrosos

Answer 14

CFTR fails to transport CL, located in DUCT

Question 15

Barretts esophagus

Answer 15

metaplastic change of SSNKE> simple columnar w/without goblet cells

Question 16

GERD

Answer 16

acidic contents of stomach refluxes into esophagus due to pressure

Question 17

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer 17

intrinsic factor is secreted by parietal cells in funds, binds b12 and is absorbed. No b12> pernicious anemia

Question 18

Gastritis

Answer 18

ulceration, loss of stomach cells and their products

Question 19

celiac disease

Answer 19

Sm intestin, inhalation causes inflammation and malabsorption- loss of SA

Question 20

colon polyps

Answer 20

abnormal growths from mucosal membrane in colon

Question 21

appendicitis

Answer 21

inflammation, can burst

Question 22

CR

Answer 22

enzymes/sodium bicarbonate become thickened and back up duct, leading to cyst formation

Question 23

hepatic ischemia

Answer 23

zone 3

Question 24

liver cirrhosis

Answer 24

chronic damage to hepatocytes, causes increased CT

Question 25

gallbladder disease

Answer 25

choleiths formed by bile> can lead to bile retention

Question 26

choleith is a

Answer 26

gall stone