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BECOM 3 > Exam #3 High Yeild > Flashcards

Exam #3 High Yeild Flashcards

1
Q

NET filtration components

A

glomerular capillary pressure
plasma colloid osmotic pressure (osmotic)
bowmans capsule hydrostatic pressure

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2
Q

Filtration Coefficient components

A 
capillary SA
membrane permeability (thickness)
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3
Q

GFR equation

A

NET filtration x Kf

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4
Q

Filtration load equation =

A

GFR x plasma conc

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5
Q

filtration fraction equation =

A

GFR/RPF

-RPF = PAH clearance

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6
Q

progesterone effect on Na+ absorption

A

dec

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7
Q

insulin effect on Na+ absorption

A

inc

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8
Q

PCT components

A

NHE3
SGLT
-MOST Na+ absorption

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9
Q

TAL components

A

NKCC

ROMK

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10
Q

DCT components

A

NCC
TPRV5 (Ca2+)
TPRM6 (Mg2+)

Na+/Ca2+ on blood side

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11
Q

Collecting duct

A

ENaC

ROMK

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12
Q

lowest pH

A

end of PCT

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13
Q

highest osmolarity in lumen

lowest osmolarity in lumen

A

highest: end of descending loop
lowest: end of ascending loop

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14
Q

PAO2 =

A

147 - (PaCO2/.8)

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15
Q

Dead space =

A

(VT (PaCO2 - PECO2)) / PaCO2

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16
Q

most resistant to airflow

A

semental/medium bronchi

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17
Q

Left shift

A

HbF

CO

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18
Q

Right shift

A

inc CO2
inc H+
inc 2,3 BPG
inc temp

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19
Q

CO2 binds where in Hb

A

terminal amine

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20
Q

2,3 BPG binds where in Hb

A

B globin

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21
Q

HCO3 moves to plasma via

A

Cl- aniport

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22
Q

Actinomyces infection follows

A

mucosal disruption

-aggregatibacter of found w

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23
Q

Nocardia, actino AFB

A

nocardia: +
actino: -

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24
Q

oral/GI ulcer in AIDs patients

A

AIDs

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25
Q

buckshot calcifications

A

Histo

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26
Q

blasto like to go to

A

bone and skin

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27
Q

thin walled cavities

A

coccidoides

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28
Q

SE asian AIDs

A

penicilliosis/talarmycosis

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29
Q

mulberry lesions

A

paracocidiodes

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30
Q

halo sign on CT

A

asp

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31
Q

crushed ping pong balls

A

pneumocystis

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32
Q

hemopytosis w eggs in sputum

A

paragonimiasis

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33
Q

spiral worm

A

strongyloides

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34
Q

dental carries

A

strep mutans

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35
Q

move to CNS

A

nocardia
coccidoides
cryptococcus

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36
Q

1,3 B-D glucans doesn’t identify

A

mucor
blasto
crypto

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37
Q

mycobacteria stain

A

Ziehl-Neelsen and kinyoun

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38
Q

nocardia stain

A

Ziehl-Neelsen and kinyoun

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39
Q

histo stain

A

wright

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40
Q

crypto stain

A

mucicarmine

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41
Q

pneumocystis stain

A

geneori-methamine

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42
Q

low comp

A

membranoproliferative

PSGN

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43
Q

common cold

A

rhinovirus

influenza

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44
Q

pharyngitis viruses

A

adenovirues
rhinovirus
coxsacki A & B (hand, foot, and mouth)

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45
Q

Pharyngitis bacteria

-how to tell difference

A

GAS (trunk -> extremities)

acanobacterium (extremities -> trunk)

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46
Q

spots on retina

dendritic pattern on eye

A

adenovirus

HSV

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47
Q

Parotitis

A

mumps

staph a

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48
Q

epiglottitis

A

strep pneumonia

haemophilus

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49
Q

malignant otitis externa, diabetic, swollen pinna

A

pseudomonas

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50
Q

croup bug

A

parainfluenza

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51
Q

cobble stain Xray

A

esophagitis

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52
Q

steeple on Xray

A

croup

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53
Q

Sinusitis/otits

A

strep p
haemophilus
moraxella

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54
Q

esophagitis

A

candida
HSV - multinucleated
CMV - owl eyes

55
Q

COPD pneumonias

A

haemophilus
moraxella
legionella

56
Q

cystic fibrosis pneumonia

A

staph a
pseudomonas
burkholderia

57
Q

post influenza pneumonia

A

strep p

staph a

58
Q

viral atypical pneumonia children

A

RSV

parainfluenza

59
Q

viral atypical pneumonia adult

60
Q

viral atypical pneumonia COPD and asthma

A

metpneumoniavirus

61
Q

bronchiectasis colonizers

A

haemophilus

pseudomonas

62
Q

oral contraceptives inc risk for

63
Q 
pulmonary HTN groups
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A
  1. palm arterial HTN
  2. LHF
  3. pulmonary disease
  4. PE
  5. idiopathic
64
Q

gram w/ poly

A

Wegner’s

65
Q

asthmatic/bronchitis pneumonia

A

chlamydophila

66
Q

hyponatremia pneumonia

A

legionella

67
Q

Atypical mycobacteria

A

m. avium

m. kansii - similar to Tb

68
Q

lady windemere

69
Q 
pneumonia treatment
healthy
chronic disease
inpatient non icu
inpatient icu
A

healthy: macrolide
chronic disease: quinolone
inpatient non icu: quinolone, ceftriaxone/macrolide or doxy
inpatient icu: ceftriaxone + quinolone

70
Q

legionella agar

A

buffered charcoal yeast extract

71
Q

petrussis agar

A

Bordet-gengou or Regan-lowe charcoal blood

72
Q

mycobacteria agar

A

lowestein-jensen

73
Q

tumor associated

A

membranous nephropathy

74
Q

PLAR autoantibody

A

membranous nephropathy

75
Q

lithium DI

A

nephrogenic DI

76
Q

some inc Una on water test

A

nephrogenic DI

77
Q

no inc Una on water test

A

central DI

78
Q

most common/severe SLE nephritis

A

diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis

79
Q

inc mesangium histo

A

diffuse diabetic glomerulosclerosis

80
Q

kennel wilson nodules and Armoni-Ebstein on histo

A

nodular diabetic glomerulosclerosis

81
Q

fibroelastic intimal thickening and glomerular shrinking

A

benign nephrosclerosis

82
Q

onion skin

A

malignant nephrosclerosis

83
Q

BM destruction

A

ischemic ATN

84
Q

BM intact

85
Q

Thyroidization of kidney

A

chronic tubulointerstial GN

86
Q

Xanthogranulomatous cells

A

chronic tubulointerstial GN

87
Q

phenacetin

A

papillae necrosis

88
Q

phenacetin malignancy

A

urothelial carcinoma

89
Q

balloning

A

ethylene glycol

90
Q

COL4A

91
Q

hearing, seeing, kidney problems

92
Q

tuff adhesion to BC and scarring

93
Q

boy period

A

shistosoma

94
Q

clue cells

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

95
Q

psammoma body

A

papillary RCC

96
Q

> 3 cm metastatic

A

renal papillary adenoma

97
Q

renal spontaneous hemorrhage during pregnancy

A

agniomyolipoma

98
Q

Von hippel Lindau

A

RCC (inc VEGF)

99
Q

Birt hogg dube syndrome

100
Q

perinuclear halos

A

chromophobe RCC

101
Q

WAGR

A

retardation

102
Q

Deny Drash

A

no pee pee

103
Q

beckwith

A

everything big

104
Q

TTF-1 and Napsin

A

adenocarcinoma

105
Q

carcinoid syndrome

A

flushing
diarrhea
cyanosis

106
Q

TSC2

A

lymphagioleiomyomatosis

107
Q

CDKN2A
INK4A
deletions

A

mesothelioma

108
Q

small cell stain

A

chromogramin A
neuro specific enoloase
synaptophysin

109
Q

dangerous particle size

110
Q

worst asbestos

111
Q

GM-CSF defect leading to surfactant in the intra-alveolar and bronchiolar space

A

pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

112
Q

asteroid and schaumman bodies

A

sarcoidosis

113
Q

Kartagener syndrome symp

A

bronchiectasis
chronic rhino sinusitis
situs inversus w/ dextracardia
infertility

114
Q

aspirin asthma symp

A

nasal polyps
recurrent rhinitis
urticaria

115
Q

SABA and LABA side effect

A

tremors, tachycardia

  • inc glucose
  • dec K+
  • dec Mg2+
116
Q

Fluticasone

A

ICS activity with increase vasoconstriction leading to dec inflam

117
Q

wilms tumor cell

A

mesenchyme

118
Q

sepsis

A

infection

  • > 22 bpm
  • <100 systolic BP
  • altered mental status
119
Q

septic shock

A
  • no response to vasopressors

- lactic acid >2

120
Q

hyponatremia symptoms

A

cerebral edema

  • headache
  • confusion
  • seizure
121
Q

hypernatremia symptoms

A

frequent urination

inc drinking

122
Q

SIADH can be caused by

A

small cell carcinoma

meds (SSRIs, carbamazepine)

123
Q

mineralcorticoid symptoms

A

inc K+
dec Na+
low BP

124
Q

central DI causes

A

meningitis
tumor
sarcoidosis
cerebral aneurysm

125
Q

Nephrogenic DI causes

A

lithium
renal failure
inherited
polycystic kidney

126
Q

onset of symptoms w/ neprophathy

A

IgA nephropathy

127
Q

cytarabine treats

128
Q

crohns disease

A

6MP - thiaguainine

129
Q

causes hand and foot

A

capecitabine

130
Q

urine antigen

A

legionella

histo

131
Q

Vichows triangle

A

Stasis
Endothelial injury
Hyper coagulation state

132
Q

TB test false positive

133
Q

C. diphtheriae stain

A

albert’s stain

134
Q

Puffy cells

A

Oncocytoma

BECOM 3 (8 decks)

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