Exam 3- final Flashcards
Which teenage boy is the most likely to feel profoundly lonely?
A) 17-year-old Christian, who spends Friday night at youth group
B) 16-year-old Myron, who spends Thursday night playing football
C) 18-year-old Jerimiah, who spends Saturday night working
D) 15-year-old Maurice, who spends Saturday night at home
D) 15-year-old Maurice, who spends Saturday night at home
Girls and (less consistently) boys with a history of family conflict tend to reach puberty __________, whereas those with warm, stable family ties tend to reach puberty __________.
A) around the same age as their mothers; earlier than their mothers B) on target; late C) early; relatively late D) relatively late; early
C) early; relatively late
Which of the following is a secondary sexual characteristic?
A) pubic hair
B) scrotum
C) testes
D) ovaries
A) pubic hair
According to Erikson, if the psychological conflict of adolescence is resolved negatively, a young person experiences __________.
A) mistrust
B) inferiority
C) isolation
D) role confusion
D) role confusion
Late-maturing boys and early-maturing girls tend to be popular, self-confident, and sociable.
A) True
B) False
B) False
In adolescence, girls’ friendships usually focus on communal concerns, boys’ on achievement and status.
A) True
B) False
A) True
Both Freud and Erikson pointed out that normal development must be understood in relation to each culture’s life situation.
A) True
B) False
B) False
Behaviorism has been praised for acknowledging people’s contributions to their own development.
A) True
B) False
B) False
The researcher is interested in whether frequent exposure to violent television programming in early childhood predicts aggressive and antisocial behavior in adulthood.
A) Sequential
B) Longitudinal
C) Cross-sectional
B) Longitudinal
This design does not permit the study of individual developmental trends. Age differences may be distorted because of cohort effects.
A) Sequential
B) Longitudinal
C) Cross-sectional
C) Cross-sectional
Research indicates that Piaget underestimated the competencies of infants and preschoolers.
A) True
B) False
A) True
According to Vygotsky, social interaction is necessary for children to acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community’s culture.
A) True
B) False
A) True
Bronfenbrenner characterized the environment as dynamic and ever-changing.
A) True
B) False
A) True
In Piaget’s theory, as the brain develops and children’s experiences expand, they move through four broad stages, each characterized by qualitatively distinct ways of thinking.
A) True
B) False
A) True
To investigate age-related changes in adults’ problem-solving skills, the researcher selects three samples—adults in their thirties, adults in their fifties, and adults in their seventies—and tracks each group for five years.
A) Cross-sectional
B) Longitudinal
C) Sequential
C) Sequential
To investigate how children of different ages process traumatic events, such as school violence, the researcher recruits children who are in grades 6, 9, and 12 in the 2016–2017 school year and interviews them about their responses to the Boston Marathon bombing in 2013.
A) Cross-sectional
B) Sequential
C) Longitudinal
A) Cross-sectional
Fertilization usually takes place in the fallopian tube.
A) True
B) False
A) True
During the period of the fetus, the most rapid prenatal changes take place.
A) True
B) False
B) False
Which period of prenatal development is the longest?
A) Fetal period
B) All are the same
C) Embryonic period
D) Period of the zygote
A) Fetal period
The age of viability occurs sometime between _______ weeks.
A) 20 and 24
B) 26 and 30
C) 22 and 26
D) 36 and 40
C) 22 and 26
Research indicates that fetal activity toward the end of pregnancy is linked to infant temperament.
A) True
B) False
A) True
An individual’s unique genetic information is called genotype.
A) True
B) False
A) True
What is a segment of DNA located along the chromosomes called?
A) information
B) chromosome bits
C) gene
D) phenotype
C) gene
We have 22 matching pairs of chromosomes, called ___________.
A) autosomes
B) zygote
C) ovum
D) gametes
A) autosomes
Infants and toddlers grow in little spurts.
A) True
B) False
A) True
Crawling is an example of a fine-motor skill.
A) True
B) False
B) False
During infancy, __________. These sex differences will __________ during adolescence.
A) girls are slightly shorter and lighter than boys; be greatly magnified
B) boys are slightly shorter and lighter than girls; disappear
C) girls are slightly taller and heavier than boys; reverse
D) boys are slightly shorter and lighter than girls; be greatly magnified
A) girls are slightly shorter and lighter than boys; be greatly magnified
__________ is associated with slower weight gain over the first year, leaner body build through early childhood, and 10 to 20 percent reduced obesity risk in later life.
A) Breastfeeding exclusively for the first six months
B) Introducing solid foods after 12 months
C) Combining breast- and bottle-feeding for the first year
D) Bottle-feeding exclusively after the first six weeks
A) Breastfeeding exclusively for the first six months
Every time baby Gloria nurses, she is placed on a nursing pillow. Gloria’s mother later notices that each time Gloria is placed on the pillow, she makes sucking movements. In this example, __________ is the conditioned stimulus.
A) placement on the pillow
B) crying
C) sucking
D) breast milk
A) placement on the pillow
According to the __________ trend, the head develops more rapidly than the lower part of the body during the prenatal period.
A) cephalocaudal
B) proximodistal
C) neuroproximal
D) cranial
A) cephalocaudal
The __________ is responsible for the highly developed intelligence of the human species.
A) cerebral cortex
B) cerebellum
C) medulla
D) hypothalamus
A) cerebral cortex
When animals reared from birth in physically and socially stimulating surroundings are compared with those reared in isolation, the brains of the stimulated animals __________.
A) show denser synaptic connections
B) are smaller
C) are lighter
D) show loss of more functions
A) show denser synaptic connections