Exam 3: Diseases and Conditions of Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Low back pain

Answer 1

Often result of compression of a nerve root in the foramina opening

Question 2

Sciatica

Answer 2

Pain that radiates along path of sciatic nerve from lower back down each leg

Question 3

Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 3

Type of arthritis of the spine, inflammation between vertebrae and in joints between spine and pelvis

Question 4

Spinal stenosis

Answer 4

Narrowing of the spinal vertebrae that puts pressure on nerves and spinal cord, results in pain, paraesthesia, loss of motor control

Question 5

Osteomyelitis of vertebrae

Answer 5

Infection of bone caused by bacteria or fungus from bloodstream, open fracture, or surgery

Question 6

Spondylolisthesis

Answer 6

Forward or backward displacement of one of the vertebrae, often occurs in lumbosacral area

Question 7

Herniated discs/ruptured disc

Answer 7

Soft inner core of disc can extrude, can inflame a nearby nerve route

Question 8

Back surgery laminectomy

Answer 8

Decompression surgery that enlarges spinal canal to relieve pressure on spinal cord or nerves

Question 9

Back surgery laminectomy back precautions

Answer 9

No BLTs (bend, lift, twist) for several months
Teach log-roll

Question 10

Osteo arthritis

Answer 10

Chronic degenerative hip disorder of cartilage in a joint

Question 11

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 11

Auto immune, bodies own immune system attacks its joints causing destruction of joint due to severe inflammation

Question 12

THR precautions posterior

Answer 12

No hip flexion greater than 90°
no hip internal rotation
no hip adduction

Question 13

THR precautions anterior

Answer 13

No hip extension
no hip external rotation
no hip adduction

Question 14

Fractures, open/compound

Answer 14

Protrusion of bone through skin

Question 15

Fractures, closed/simple

Answer 15

Overline skin is not broken, bone is not exposed

Question 16

Fractures, displaced

Answer 16

Pulled out of normal alignment

Question 17

Fractures, non-displaced

Answer 17

Normal alignment

Question 18

Fractures, transverse

Answer 18

Fracture line is perpendicular to long axis of the bone

Question 19

Fractures, oblique

Answer 19

Fracture line is at oblique angle to long axis of bone

Question 20

Fractures, comminuted

Answer 20

Complete in fragments of the bone, bone is splintered or crushed

Question 21

Fractures, compression

Answer 21

Occur due to compressive force to spine like landing on rear or feet after falling from a great height

Question 22

Fractures, pathologic

Answer 22

Type of fracture that is secondary result of another illness or chronic condition that weakens bones of skeletal system

Question 23

Fractures, avulsion

Answer 23

Small chunk of bone attached to a tendon/ligament gets pulled away from main part of bone
Young athletes

Question 24

Wrist fractures, Colles’ fracture

Answer 24

Commonly caused BY FOOSH

Question 25

Nerve compression injuries in UE #1

Answer 25

Carpal tunnel
Compression of median nerve at level of wrist
causes tingling in thumb, index, middle and half of the ring finger

Question 26

Nerve compression injuries in UE #2

Answer 26

Cubital tunnel 

Numbness tingling in ring and small fingers that increases with a sustained elbow flexion

Question 27

Nerve compression injuries in UE #3

Answer 27

Radio tunnel syndrome
Repetitive forearm supination with a wrist flexion and extension
Often misdiagnosed as tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis)