Arthritic Diseases

Question 1

Osteoarthritis OA

Answer 1

Also known as DJD (degenerative joint disease)
Articular cartilage wears away to bone on bone
Joint can’t function normally

Question 2

OA Osteophytes

Answer 2

Spurs can develop on ends of bones

Result in swollen and misshaped joints

Question 3

Osteophytes Heberden’s nodes

Answer 3

Seen on DIP joints

Question 4

Osteophytes Bouchard’s nodes

Answer 4

Seen on PIP joints

Question 5

Advanced OA may result in deformity

Answer 5

Genu valgum - “knock knees” apex of deformity points toward midline

Question 6

Advanced OA may result in deformity

Answer 6

Genu varum- “bow legged stance”- apex of angle formed by bones on knees points AWAY from body

Question 7

Primary OA

Answer 7

Generalized

Occurs in weight bearing joints (spine, knees, hips, fingers)

Question 8

Secondary OA

Answer 8

Results from injury, repetitive motion, stress on joint

Younger people whose jobs put stress on joints (dancers, construction)

Question 9

OA Signs and symptom’s

Answer 9

Joint pain ⬆️ after activity/ day progresses
Joint stiffness in morning or after 20-30 min rest
⬇️ ROM improves after using joint
Visible joint changes

Question 10

Rheumatoid arthritis RA

Answer 10

Autoimmune condition
Attacks synovium surrounding joints
Thickens synovial, eventually destroy cartilage and bone w/n joint

Question 11

OA vs. RA

Answer 11

OA - wearing away cartilage that caps bones in joints

RA - synovial membrane that protects and lubricates becomes inflamed

Question 12

RA deformities: ulnar drift

Answer 12

Ulnar deviation of wrist and or fingers at MCP joints

Question 13

RA deformities: Boutonnière deformity

Answer 13

Flexion of PIP joint

Hyper extension of DIP

Question 14

RA deformities: Swan neck

Answer 14

Hyper extension at PIP joint

Flexion at DIP

Question 15

RA deformities: mallet finger

Answer 15

DIP flexion

extensor tendon is damaged at finger tip

Question 16

RA deformities: Subluxed wrist

Answer 16

Subluxation wrist

Question 17

Fibromyalgia symptoms

Answer 17

Widespread musculoskeletal pain
Sleep deprived
Fatigue
Cognitive impairment

Question 18

Fibromyalgia causes

Answer 18

Genetics
Maybe infections
Maybe linked to physical/ emotional trauma (PTSD)

Question 19

Fibromyalgia treatment

Answer 19

No surgery possible
FOCUS on relieving pain
Swim, stretch, strengthening

Question 20

Lupus

Answer 20

Many forms

SLE is considered Arthritic, Autoimmune and Systemic condition

Question 21

Lupus symptoms

Answer 21

Pain swollen joints
Butterfly shaped rash over nose and cheeks
Fatigue
Sensitive to light and sun

Question 22

Lupus causes

Answer 22

Believed mix of genetics and environmental triggers (sun, recent infection)

Question 23

Lupus treatment

Answer 23

No longer considered fatal
Managed by combo of meds to control symptoms
Modify lifestyle

Question 24

Gout

Answer 24

Most painful form of arthritis
Sudden severe pain, swelling, red, and tender in joints
1st, in big toe

Question 25

Gout causes

Answer 25

Metabolic cond. purine -> too much uric acid settles and crystallises/ settles in joints

Question 26

Gout treatment

Answer 26

Dietary modifications: avoid meats
Meds
Lifestyle changes