Arthritic Diseases Flashcards
Osteoarthritis OA
Also known as DJD (degenerative joint disease)
Articular cartilage wears away to bone on bone
Joint can’t function normally
OA Osteophytes
Spurs can develop on ends of bones
Result in swollen and misshaped joints
Osteophytes Heberden’s nodes
Seen on DIP joints
Osteophytes Bouchard’s nodes
Seen on PIP joints
Advanced OA may result in deformity
Genu valgum - “knock knees” apex of deformity points toward midline
Advanced OA may result in deformity
Genu varum- “bow legged stance”- apex of angle formed by bones on knees points AWAY from body
Primary OA
Generalized
Occurs in weight bearing joints (spine, knees, hips, fingers)
Secondary OA
Results from injury, repetitive motion, stress on joint
Younger people whose jobs put stress on joints (dancers, construction)
OA Signs and symptom’s
Joint pain ⬆️ after activity/ day progresses
Joint stiffness in morning or after 20-30 min rest
⬇️ ROM improves after using joint
Visible joint changes
Rheumatoid arthritis RA
Autoimmune condition
Attacks synovium surrounding joints
Thickens synovial, eventually destroy cartilage and bone w/n joint
OA vs. RA
OA - wearing away cartilage that caps bones in joints
RA - synovial membrane that protects and lubricates becomes inflamed
RA deformities: ulnar drift
Ulnar deviation of wrist and or fingers at MCP joints
RA deformities: Boutonnière deformity
Flexion of PIP joint
Hyper extension of DIP
RA deformities: Swan neck
Hyper extension at PIP joint
Flexion at DIP
RA deformities: mallet finger
DIP flexion
extensor tendon is damaged at finger tip
RA deformities: Subluxed wrist
Subluxation wrist
Fibromyalgia symptoms
Widespread musculoskeletal pain
Sleep deprived
Fatigue
Cognitive impairment
Fibromyalgia causes
Genetics
Maybe infections
Maybe linked to physical/ emotional trauma (PTSD)
Fibromyalgia treatment
No surgery possible
FOCUS on relieving pain
Swim, stretch, strengthening
Lupus
Many forms
SLE is considered Arthritic, Autoimmune and Systemic condition
Lupus symptoms
Pain swollen joints
Butterfly shaped rash over nose and cheeks
Fatigue
Sensitive to light and sun
Lupus causes
Believed mix of genetics and environmental triggers (sun, recent infection)
Lupus treatment
No longer considered fatal
Managed by combo of meds to control symptoms
Modify lifestyle
Gout
Most painful form of arthritis
Sudden severe pain, swelling, red, and tender in joints
1st, in big toe
