EXAM 3: Chapter 9 - Teams and Teamwork Flashcards
Definition of Team
A social aggregation in which a limited number of individuals interact on a regular basis to accomplish a set of shared objectives for which they have mutual responsibility.
Origin of Work Teams
Developed by automobile companies, to make work quicker and easier. (effectively and efficiency) Decision making authority concerning specific means of task accomplishment is on work teams.
Level of Analysis
The unit or level (individuals, teams, organizations, nations, etc.) that is the object of the researchers’ interest and about which conclusions are drawn from the research.
Types of Teams
Problem-resolution: A type of team created for the purpose of focusing on solving ongoing problems or issues
Creative Team: A type of team created for the purpose of developing innovative possibilities or solutions.
Tactical Team: A type of team created for the purpose of executing a well-defined plan or objective
Ad hoc team: A type of team created for a limited duration that is designed to address one particular problem.
How teams “gel”
Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning
Team Structure
Leader Shaper Worker Creator Resource Investigator Monitor Evaluator Team Facilitator Completer-finisher
Team Principals
Members provide and accept feedback
Team members back each other up
Team members view themselves as a group whose success requires interaction
Teamwork fosters within-team interdependence
Leadership is critical
Team Process
Investigative Socialization Adjustment Evaluation, Commitment, Role Transition Maintenance Resocialization Remembrance
Interpersonal processes in team
Communication: Openness & lots of it Conflict Beneficial Compromise is an option Listen to other points of view Can avert “Groupthink” “let me be the devil’s advocate here…” Competitive: Win-Lose dynamic Contest of status, power, and credibility Cohesion Task-based Member-based Groupthink To encourage this, team rewards help! Trust The belief that others will act in your interest Less quibbling about who is “busy” Less saying “that’s not my job” Not skeptical of team member suggestions
Shared Mental Model
Task-specific information
Task-related knowledge
Knowledge of teammates
Shared attitudes and beliefs
GROUPTHINK
Team decision Quality determined by 3 levels
Individuals “Staff validity” Each leader-member pair (dyads) “Dyadic sensitivity” Weight input according to strengths Whole team “Informity”
Groupthink
A phenomenon associated with team decision making in which members feel threatened by forces external to the team, resulting in a deterioration in the cognitive processing of information
Virtual teams
How do they communicate? Cohesion often slower Hard to collaborate Timing issues Division of tasks & communication critical Cultural differences?
Team Selection and training
Beyond individual KSAs Characteristics facilitate team functioning Learning ability Tolerance for stress Risk-taking propensity Complementary skills Constructing the whole No one individual must have all the KSAs Social skills, personality, values Extraversion & emotional stability Team Training Task Analysis Cognition: knowledge Behaviors: skills Attitudes: affect … thinking, feeling, and doing Mission Analysis
Team Performance and Appraisal
Individual or Team Peer Appraisals - developmental Social Loafing Issue Free riding “Sucker” effect Feeling Dispensable
