EXAM 3: Chapter 11 - Stress Management Flashcards
Ergonomics
How work conditions affect employee attitudes, behavior, and ability to perform.
The interface between individuals and their tools, equipment, or spatial surroundings.
Safety and Accidents: Ergonomic Appraoch
Change the work environment (some think this is easier than changing people!)
Taxi Cab study
Can rear-end collisions be reduced via work design?
Blinking warning lights as cab slows
Versus control group: usual brake lights
Rear-end accidents reduced 60%
Safety and Accidents: Training Appraoch
If you don’t want to change the job or the people in the jobs, you have to convince the people to be more safe.
Safety training programs have mixed results
Do managers “really” care about safety?
Do supervisors buy in?
Feedback and rewards usually necessary!
Accidents reduced ~50% with good training
Stress, Stressor, Strain, Eustress, Distress
Stress The psychological and physical reaction to certain life events or situations. Stressor The life event that causes stress Strain The consequences of stress Eustress Stress converted to positive energy Desirable outcome of stress Motivational results Optimal level of arousal Distress Negative outcome Results in emotional and physical illness
Sources of Stress
Personal Fear Resistance Resentment Occupational Org. characteristics Job characteristics Physical Environment Noise Temperature Other Minor frustration Forecasting
Consequences of stress
Health of shift workers declines during 6 months, and gets worse and worse
Social/marital problems
Managing Stress
Exercise Laughter Diet Smoking reduction Sleep Support groups Self-empowerment Coping skills
Concept of Psychological Health
A broad-based concept that refers to the mental, emotional, and physical well-being of employees in relation to the conduct of their work
Work-non-Work conflict
What is it?
Incompatibility of roles
Experienced in directions
Work-to-nonwork
Nonwork-to-work
Work/Nonwork interaction
Flexible work arangement
Allows decision of when work is performed. Include flextime, compressed work weeks, and shift work.
Substance Use
50% of absences and accidents are substance related Theft Skill decay: Depends on the job Drug Testing Employee Assistance Programs
Psychological effects of unemployment
Employment meets human needs reliably and effectively. Problems maintaining relationships. Choices limited, limited control over life, loss of variety, and physical security
Positive Psychology
What makes life worth living
Balance work and non-work
What are organizations doing?
Overall psychological health (Warr, 2007) Affective well-being Competence Autonomy Aspiration Integrated Functioning
