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Anatomy & Physiology I > Exam 3- Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Exam 3- Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Contain no blood vessels or nerves, mostly water to help spring back into shape

A

Skeletal Cartilage

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2
Q

dense connective tissue girdle contains blood vessels for nutrient delivery to cartilage, surrounds the skeletal cartilage

A

perichondium

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3
Q

most abundant skeletal cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage

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4
Q

provide support, flexibility and resilience

A

hyaline cartilage

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5
Q

Contain elastic fibers

A

Elastic cartilage

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6
Q

Contain collagen fibers and have the greatest tensile strength

A

Fibrocartilage

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7
Q

forms the long axis of the body and includes the ones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage

A

axial skeleton

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8
Q

consists of bones of the upper and lower limbs

A

appendicular skeleton

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9
Q

bones that are longer than they are wide

A

long bones

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10
Q

cube shaped bones; sesamoid bones

A

short bones

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11
Q

thin, flat slightly curves

A

flat bones

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12
Q

complicated shapes

A

irregular bones

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13
Q

function of bones

A
  1. support
  2. protection
  3. movement
  4. storage of minerals
  5. blood cell formation
  6. energy storage
  7. hormone production
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14
Q

round projection

A

tuberosity

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15
Q

narrow prominant ridge

A

crest

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16
Q

large, blunt, irregular

A

trochanter

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17
Q

small rounded projection

A

tubercle

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18
Q

raised area above condyle

A

epicondyle

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19
Q

sharp slender projection

A

spine

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20
Q

any bony prominence

A

process

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21
Q

bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

A

head

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22
Q

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

A

facet

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23
Q

rounded articular projection

A

condyle

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24
Q

armlike bar

A

ramus

25
Q

canal or passageway

A

meatus

26
Q

cavity within a bone

A

sinus

27
Q

shallow, basinlike depression

A

fossa

28
Q

narrow slitlike opening

A

fissure

29
Q

round or oval opening through a bone

A

foramen

30
Q

bone tectures

A

Compact

spngy

31
Q

dense outer layer

A

compact bone

32
Q

cancallos bone- honeycomb of trabeculae

A

spongey bone

33
Q

contains fat and is called the yellow marrow cavity

A

medullary cavity

34
Q

nerve fiber, nutrient blood vessels, and lymphtic vessels enter the bolld via

A

nutriet foramina

35
Q

covered compact bone on the outside

A

periosteum

36
Q

covered spongy bone within

A

endosteum

37
Q

spongy in flat bones

A

diapole

38
Q

bone marrow is between the _______

A

trabeculae

39
Q

stem cells in periosteum and endosteum that give rise to osteoblasts

A

osteogenic cells

40
Q

bone forming cells

A

osteoblasts

41
Q

mature bone cells

A

osteoctes

42
Q

cells that break down and reabsorb the bone matrix

A

osteoclasts

43
Q

the structural unit of a compact bone

A

osteon (Haversian system)

44
Q

small cavities that contain osterocytes

A

lacunae

45
Q

hairlike canals that connect lacunae to each other

A

canaliculi

46
Q

lie at right angles to the long axis of the bone and connect the blood and nerve supply of the periosteum to those in the central canals and the medullary cavity

A

volkmans cannal

47
Q

align along line of stress

A

trabeculae

48
Q

osteoid

A

organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts

49
Q

bone tissue formation

A

osteogeneis

50
Q

staged of bone formation

A
  1. bone formation- until 2nd month of development
  2. postnatal bone growth- until early adulthood
  3. bone remodeling an repair-lifelong
51
Q

types of ossification

A
  1. intramembranous-flat and cranial bones

2. endochondrial-all other bones

52
Q

increase in length of long bones in postnatal bone groth

A

intersitial growth

53
Q

increase thickness and remodeling of all bones by osteoblasts and osteoclasts on bone surfaces

A

appositional growth

54
Q

stimulates epihyseal plate activity

A

growth hormones

55
Q

modulates activity of growth hormone

A

thyroid hormone

56
Q

promote adolescent growth spurts and end growth by conneting epiphysieal plate closure

A

testosterone

57
Q

a bone grows or remodels in response to forces or demands placed upon it

A

Wolffs law

58
Q

four classifications of bone fractures

A
  1. position
  2. completless
  3. orientation
  4. penetration of the skin
59
Q

stages in the healing of a bone fracture

A
  1. hematoma forms
  2. fibrocartilaginous callus forms
  3. bony callus forms
  4. bone remodeling

Anatomy & Physiology I (6 decks)

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