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MB Exams > Exam 3 Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

The study of disease

A

Pathology

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2
Q

The study of the cause of disease

A

Etiology

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3
Q

The development of disease

A

Pathogenesis

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4
Q

Colonization of the body by pathogens

A

Infection

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5
Q

An abnormal state in which the body is no functioning normally

A

Disease

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6
Q

_____ Microbiota may be present for days, weeks or months

A

Transient

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7
Q

_____ Microbiota permanently colonizes the host

A

Normal

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8
Q

_____ is the relationship between normal microbiota and the host

A

Symbiosis

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9
Q

______ is a symbiosis when one organism benefits and the other is unaffectted

A

Commensalism

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10
Q

_____ is a symbiosis when two organisms benefit

A

Mutualism

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11
Q

_____ is a symbiosis when one organism benefits at the expense of another organism

A

Parasitism

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12
Q

Microbial ______ is a competition between microbes

A

Anatagonism

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13
Q

______ Microbial will protect their host by creating niches, acid and bateriogens

A

Normal

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14
Q

_____ is a change in the body function that is felt by a patient as a result of a disease

A

Symptom

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15
Q

A ___ is a change in the body that can be measured or observed as a result of a disease

A

Sign

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16
Q

_____ is a specific group of signs and symptoms that accompany a disease

A

Syndrome

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17
Q

_______ Disease is one that is spread from one host to another

A

Communicable

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18
Q

______ Disease is one that is easily spread from one host to another (flu)

A

Contagious

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19
Q

_______ is a disease that is not transmitted from one host another

A

Non Communicable

example:Tetnis

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20
Q

Disease that constantly is present in a population (HIV, West Nile)

A

Endemic

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21
Q

Disease acquired by many hosts in a given area in a short time

A

Epidemic

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22
Q

Worldwide epidemic

A

Pandemic

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23
Q

Immunity in most of the population is also known as

A

Herd immunity

24
Q

Fraction of the population having a specific disease at a specific time

A

Incidence

25
Q

Fraction of a population having specific disease at a given time

A

Prevalence

26
Q

Disease that occurs occasionally in a population

A

Sporadic

27
Q

Symptoms of this type of disease develop rapidly

A

Acute

28
Q

This is when a disease develops slowly

A

Chronic

29
Q

This is symptoms of a disease that are between acute and chronic

A

Subacute

30
Q

This is when a disease with a period of no symptoms when it is inactive

A

Latent

31
Q

Pathogens are limited to a small area of the body, this is known as

A

Local infection

32
Q

An infection throughout the body

A

Systemic

33
Q

Toxic inflammatory condition arising from the spread of microbes from a focus of infection

A

Sepsis

34
Q

This term is known as bacteria in the blood

A

Bacteremia

35
Q

Growth of bacteria in the blood is known as

A

Septioma

36
Q

This is the term for toxins in the blood

A

Toxemia

37
Q

This is known as viruses in the blood

A

Viremia

38
Q

Acute infection that causes the initial illness

A

Primary infection

39
Q

Opportunistic infection after a primary (predisposing) infection

A

Secondary infection

40
Q

No noticeable signs or symptoms (not knowing there is an infection)

A

Subclinical disease

41
Q

What most common reservoir of infection is found in humans?

A

HIV and Gonorrhea

42
Q

What is the most common animal reservoir ?

A

Rabies

43
Q

_____ transmission is the transmission of sickness through an inanimate reservoir

A

Vehicle

44
Q

This is a type of vehicle transmission that requires close contact such as kissing or shaking hands

A

Direct

45
Q

This is a type of vehicle transmission that is spread by fomites (door handle, pen)

A

Indirect

46
Q

This is a type of vehicle transmission that is airborne via droplets (cough or sneeze)

A

Droplet

47
Q

This is a type of vector that is carried on a body or feet of an arthopod

A

Mechanical Transmission

48
Q

This is the type of vector that is caused by an inserting biting someone

A

Biological transmission

49
Q

infectious dose of 50% of the test population

A

ID50

50
Q

lethal dose of a toxin of 50% of the test population

A

LD50

51
Q

Substance that contributes to pathogenicity

A

Toxin

52
Q

Ability to produce a toxin

A

Toxigenicity

53
Q

Presence of a toxin in the hosts blood

A

Toxemia

54
Q

Inactivated toxin used in a vaccine

A

Toxoid

55
Q

Antibodies against a specific toxin

A

Antitoxin

MB Exams (6 decks)

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