Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MB Exams > Exam 2- Ch 7,8,9,18 > Flashcards

Exam 2- Ch 7,8,9,18 Flashcards

1
Q

This refers to the microbial contamination

A

Sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

This is an absence of significant contamination

A

Asepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aseptic surgery techniques prevent microbial contamination of ______

A

wounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This is the removal of all microbial life

A

Sterilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This is the killing C.botulinum endospores

A

Commercial Sterilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This is the removal of pathogens

A

Disinfections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This is the disinfection of living tissue

A

Antisepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Removing microbes from a limited area like the skin through hand washing

A

Degerming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lowering microbial counts on eating utensils and objects used in restaurants

A

Sanitization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Inhibiting, not killing, microbes

A

Bacteriostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

This uses direct flame to kill microbes

A

Incineration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The lowest temperature (variable) at which all the cells in a culture are killed in 10 mins

A

Thermal death point (TDP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The time (variable) during all cells in a culture are killed

A

Thermal death time (TDT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The minutes is takes to kill 90% of the population at a given temperature

A

Decimal Reduction Time (DRT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

This form of moist heat sterilization steams things under pressure

A

Autoclave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The _____ heat denatures protein

A

moist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This reduces spillage organisms and pathogens

A

Pasteurization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

This kills by oxidation, examples are flaming, incineration, and hot-air sterilization, not as fast as autoclave

A

Dry Heat Sterilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

_____ temperature lowers microbial metabolic and growth rates, slows down spoilage

A

Low Temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

High _____ denatures proteins

A

pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

______ prevents metabolism, the drying removes the water necessary for microbes to live

A

Desiccation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_____ pressure causes plasmolysis, salting causes water to diffuse out of organisms causing dehydration and death.

A

Osmotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

This causes thymine molecules to link together, causing impairment of chromosomes replication to occur

A

Ultraviolet Light

24
Q

Radiation of cells can affect the cells _____ and ______

A

Metabolism and Physiology

25
Q

_______ is commonly used to control microbes in food

A

Radiation

26
Q

Medical chemicals agents rarely achieve ______ but they do disinfect (destroy pathogens)

A

sterilization

27
Q

This halogen helps keep bacterial populations low in municipal water supplies and swimming pools

A

Chlorine

28
Q

This halogen is used to disinfect wounds water and restaurant equipment

A

Iodine

29
Q

Mercury, copper, silver are reactive proteins that disrupt ____ ______, killing microbes

A

cellular metabolism

30
Q

Silver Nitrate may be used to prevent _____ opthalmia neonatorum

A

Gonorrheal

31
Q

Silver sulfadiazine used as a topical cream on _____

A

burns

32
Q

____ is effective against vegetative cells but not spores

A

Ethanol

33
Q

Membrane disruption is caused by ____ distribution

A

Lipid

34
Q

Soaps remove microbes by _____ and solubilizing

A

emulsifying

35
Q

Detergents are _____ which mean they only effect the surface of the work they are working on

A

Surfactants

36
Q

_____ acids inhibit metabolism, control molds and bacteria in foods and cosmetics, preventing endospore germination

A

Organic Acid

37
Q

The _____ Nisin and Natamycin prevent the spoilage of cheese

A

Antibiotics

38
Q

The study of what genes are, how they carry information, how information is expressed and how genes are replicated

A

Genetics

39
Q

A segment of DNA that encodes a functional product, usually a protein

A

Gene

40
Q

Structure containing DNA that physically carried heredity info; the chromosomes contain the genes

A

Chromosomes

41
Q

All the genetic info in a cell

A

Genome

42
Q

____ is a blueprint for a cells proteins and is obtained from a parent cell or from another cell

A

DNA

43
Q

A Cell uses its genetic information in DNA to make _____, including enzymes

A

Proteins

44
Q

Genetic information can be transferred between cells of the same generation, called _______

A

Recombination

45
Q

Genetic information can be transferred between generation of cells called ______

A

Replication

46
Q

Genetic information is used within a cell to produce proteins needed for the cell to function, this is called

A

Expression

47
Q

______ give resistance to antibiotics

A

Plasmids

48
Q

What are the four polymers of nucleotides?

A

Adenine, Guanine, Thymine and Cytosine

49
Q

____ helix is associated with proteins

A

Double

50
Q

The backbone of DNA is deoxyribose-______

A

Phosphate

51
Q

Strands are held together by _____ bonds, AT and CG

A

Hydrogen

52
Q

Strands of DNA are known to be __________

A

antiparallel

53
Q

What is the Central Dogma?

A

DNA to RNA to protein

54
Q

Name three types of RNA

A

mRNA
tRNA
rRNA

55
Q

During ______ mRNA is translated in Codons (three nucleotides)

A

Translation

56
Q

Translation of mRNA begins at the start codon ___

A

AUG

57
Q

Translation ends at the nonsense codons, example are ___ ___ or ___

A

UAA UAG or UGA

MB Exams (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions