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PNS > Exam 3: Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Exam 3: Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Brachial plexus formed by

A

Anterior primary rami C5-T1

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2
Q

Brachial plexus travels laterally over ____ and into the ___

A

Rib 1; axilla

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3
Q

Roots combine into

A

Trunks

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4
Q

Trunks divide into

A

Divisions

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5
Q

Divisions combine to form

A

Cords

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6
Q

Cords divide into

A

Terminal nerves

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7
Q

Each root receives a gray ramus communicans from

A

Posterior sympathetic trunk

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8
Q

Roots pass between ______ into posterior triangle

A

Anterior and middle scalene muscles

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9
Q

Roots travel _______ to subclavian artery

A

Posterior and superior

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10
Q

Roots of _____ combine to form superior trunk

A

C5 and C6

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11
Q

Root of _____ becomes middle trunk

A

C7

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12
Q

Roots of C8 and T1 combine to form

A

Inferior trunk

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13
Q

Each trunk splits into

A

Anterior and posterior divisions

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14
Q

Cords are named for relationship to

A

Axillary artery

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15
Q

Lateral cord is formed by

A

Anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks

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16
Q

Lateral cord contains fibers from _____ and lies ____ to axillary artery

A

C5,6,7; lateral

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17
Q

Medial cord is formed by

A

Anterior division of inferior trunk

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18
Q

Medial cord contains fibers from ____ and lies ____ to axillary artery

A

C8,T1; medial

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19
Q

Posterior cord is formed by

A

Posterior divisions from all 3 trunks

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20
Q

Posterior cord contains fibers from ______ and lies ____ to axillary artery

A

C5-T1; posterior

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21
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve branches off of

A

C5 root

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22
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve supplies 3 muscles:

A

Levator scapula
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

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23
Q

Levator scapula also receives fibers from

A

C3 and 4

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24
Q

Long thoracic nerve formed from

A

C5, 6, 7

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25
Q

Long thoracic N supplies

A

Serratus anterior

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26
Q

Suprascapular N contains fibers from

A

C5 and 6

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27
Q

Suprascapular N supplies

A

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

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28
Q

Nerve to subclavius contains fibers from

A

C5 and 6

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29
Q

Nerve to subclavius supplies

A

Subclavius

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30
Q

Lateral pectoral N contains fibers from

A

C5, 6, 7

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31
Q

Lateral pectoral N supplies

A

Pectoralis major

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32
Q

Musculocutaneous N contains fibers from

A

C5, 6, 7

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33
Q

Musculocutaneous N supplies these muscles

A

Coracobrachialis
Biceps brachii (both heads)
Brachialis

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34
Q

Musculocuatneous N pierces belly of

A

Coracobrachialis

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35
Q

Musculocutaneous N continues between _____ and ____ to become _____

A

Biceps brachii; brachialis

Lateral cutaneous N of forearm

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36
Q

Lateral cutaneous N of forearm supplies skin over

A

Lateral aspect of forearm (NOT hand)

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37
Q

Medial pectoral N contains fibers from

A

C8 and T1

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38
Q

Medial pectoral N supplies

A

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor

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39
Q

Medial cutaneous N of the arm contains fibers from

A

C8 and T1

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40
Q

Medial cutaneous N of arm supplies

A

Skin of medial arm btw axilla and elbow

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41
Q

Medial cutaneous N of arm receives some fibers from T2 thru communications w/

A

Intercostobrachial N

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42
Q

Medial cutaneous N of forearm contains fibers from

A

C8 and T1

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43
Q

Medial cutaneous N of forearm supplies

A

Skin over biceps

Skin over ant and medial aspects of forearm

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44
Q

Ulnar N contains fibers from

A

C8 and T1 (sometimes C7)

45
Q

Ulnar N travels medial to ____ in medial bicipital sulcus

A

Brachial artery

46
Q

Ulnar nerve gives off ___ branches in arm

A

NO

47
Q

Ulnar N crosses elbow on posterior side of

A

Medial epicondyle (funny bone)

48
Q

Ulnar N continues in forearm between

A

Two heads of flexor carpi ulnaris

49
Q

Ulnar N supplies 2 muscles:

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus

50
Q

2 sensory branches in forearm from ulnar N

A

Dorsal branch

Palmar branch

51
Q

Dorsal branch of ulnar N supplies

A

Skin on ulnar side of posterior hand

52
Q

Palmar branch of ulnar N supplies

A

Skin over hypothenar eminence

53
Q

Ulnar N travels deep to _____ and passes superficial to _____

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris; flexor retinaculum

54
Q

Ulnar N divides into 2 branches in the hand

A

Superficial

Deep

55
Q

Superficial branch of ulnar N supplies

A

Palmar aspect of little finger

Medial half of ring finger

56
Q

Deep branch of ulnar N supplies

A
  1. Abductor digiti minimi
  2. Flexor digiti minimi brevis
  3. Opponens digiti minimi
  4. Adductor pollicis
  5. Deep head flexor pollicis brevis
  6. Interossei
  7. Lumbricals 3 and 4
57
Q

Claw hand affects

A

May/may not involve more than digits 4/5

58
Q

Ape hand affects

A

All digits

59
Q

Median N contains contributions from

A

Lateral and medial cord

60
Q

Median N contains fibers from

A

C6, 7, 8 and T1

61
Q

Median N crosses elbow on ___ side and enters forearm btw _____

A

Anterior; heads of pronator teres

62
Q

Median N innervates 7 muscles

A
  1. Pronator teres
  2. Flexor carpi radialis
  3. Palmaris longus
  4. Flexor digitorum superficialis
  5. Pronator quadratus
  6. Flexor pollicis longus
  7. Lateral belly flexor digitorum profundus
63
Q

Anterior interosseous N of forearm helps supply these muscles w/ median N

A

Pronator quadratus
Flexor pollicis longus
Lateral belly of flexor digitorum profundus

64
Q

Palmar branch of median N supplies skin of

A

Thenar eminence
Lateral wrist
Palm

65
Q

Median N travels through ____ and divides into 3 _____

A

Carpal tunnel; common palmar digital nerves

66
Q

Common palmar digital nerves supply

A

First 2 lumbricals

67
Q

Branches of first common palmar digital N supply

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

68
Q

Each common palmar digital N splits into 2

A

Proper palmar digital nerves

69
Q

Proper palmar digital nerves have only ___ supply

A

Sensory

70
Q

Proper palmer digital nerves supply skin over:

A

Lateral 3.5 digits anteriorly

Lateral 2.5 digits posteriorly

71
Q

Median N also supplies

A

Periosteium
Elbow
Radiocarpal and Midcarpal joints

72
Q

Hand of oath/benediction

A

Very similar to claw hand

73
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome

A

“Pins and needles”

Possibly compromised at IVF, scalene tri, axilla, pronator teres heads, the carpal tunnel

74
Q

Superior subscapular N contains fibers from

A

C5 and 6

75
Q

Superior subscapular N supplies

A

Subscapularis

76
Q

Thoracodorsal N contains fibers from

A

C6, 7, 8

77
Q

Thoracodorsal N travels along posterior axillary wall through

A

Posterior triangle on posterior thorax

78
Q

Thoracodorsal N supplies

A

Latissimus dorsi (largest muscle based on area)

79
Q

Inferior subscapular N contains fibers from

A

C5 and 6

80
Q

Inferior subscapular N supplies

A

Subscapularis

Teres major

81
Q

Axillary N contains fibers from

A

C5 and 6

82
Q

Axillary N runs in axilla, travels posteriorly around

A

Surgical neck of humerus

83
Q

Axillary N supplies

A

Deltoid

Teres minor

84
Q

Sensory branch given off by axillary N

A

Superior lateral cutaneous N of arm

85
Q

Superior lateral cutaneous N of arm supplies

A

Skin over lateral shoulder and upper arm

86
Q

Radial N contains fibers from

A

C5, 6, 7, 8; sometimes T1

87
Q

Radial N supplies all muscles in

A

Posterior compartment of arm and forearm

88
Q

Radial N spirals around to posterior humerus and enters forearm

A

Anterior to elbow, between brachialis and brachioradialis

89
Q

Posterior cutaneous N of arm supplies

A

Skin on posterior side of upper arm

90
Q

Inferior lateral cutaneous N of arm

A

Branches off in middle arm

91
Q

Muscular branches of radial N given off in arm supply:

A

Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Brachialis

92
Q

Posterior cutaneous N of forearm supplies

A

Skin on lateral side of posterior forearm

93
Q

Branches of Radial N given off at level of lateral epicondyle supply:

A

Brachioradialis

Extensor carpi radialis longus

94
Q

Radial N divides into _______ at level of radial head

A

Superficial and deep branches

95
Q

Superficial branch of radial N sensory supply

A

Radial side of posterior hand
Extensor side of thumb and prox digits 2/3
Lateral half of extensor side of ring finger

96
Q

Superficial branch of radial N also gives off

A

Communicating branch w/ ulnar N

97
Q

Deep branch of radial N penetrates

A

Supinator muscle

98
Q

Deep branch of radial N terminates as

A

Posterior interosseous N

99
Q

Posterior interosseous N supplies

A 
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Supinator
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis/longus
Extensor indicis
100
Q

Radial N sends articular branches to

A

Shoulder and wrist

101
Q

Wrist drop

A

Extension weak, unable to hold wrist in neutral position

102
Q

Supraclavicular brachial plexus injury

A

Erb-Duchenne palsy

103
Q

Erb-Duchenne palsy damaged nerves

A

suprascapular, musculocutaneous, axillary

104
Q

Erb-Duchenne palsy muscles atrophied

A

Brachialis
Biceps brachii
Deltoid

105
Q

“Waiter’s tip”

A

Upper extremity medially rotated
Wrist flexed

from Erb-Duchenne palsy

106
Q

Infraclavicular brachial plexus injury

A

Klumpke’s palsy

107
Q

Klumpke’s palsy damaged nerves

A

Ulnar N

108
Q

Klumpke’s palsy muscles atrophied

A

Thenar/hypothenal and interossei
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus

PNS (24 decks)

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