Exam 3: Brachial Plexus Flashcards
1
Q
Brachial plexus formed by
A
Anterior primary rami C5-T1
2
Q
Brachial plexus travels laterally over ____ and into the ___
A
Rib 1; axilla
3
Q
Roots combine into
A
Trunks
4
Q
Trunks divide into
A
Divisions
5
Q
Divisions combine to form
A
Cords
6
Q
Cords divide into
A
Terminal nerves
7
Q
Each root receives a gray ramus communicans from
A
Posterior sympathetic trunk
8
Q
Roots pass between ______ into posterior triangle
A
Anterior and middle scalene muscles
9
Q
Roots travel _______ to subclavian artery
A
Posterior and superior
10
Q
Roots of _____ combine to form superior trunk
A
C5 and C6
11
Q
Root of _____ becomes middle trunk
A
C7
12
Q
Roots of C8 and T1 combine to form
A
Inferior trunk
13
Q
Each trunk splits into
A
Anterior and posterior divisions
14
Q
Cords are named for relationship to
A
Axillary artery
15
Q
Lateral cord is formed by
A
Anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks
16
Q
Lateral cord contains fibers from _____ and lies ____ to axillary artery
A
C5,6,7; lateral
17
Q
Medial cord is formed by
A
Anterior division of inferior trunk
18
Q
Medial cord contains fibers from ____ and lies ____ to axillary artery
A
C8,T1; medial
19
Q
Posterior cord is formed by
A
Posterior divisions from all 3 trunks
20
Q
Posterior cord contains fibers from ______ and lies ____ to axillary artery
A
C5-T1; posterior
21
Q
Dorsal scapular nerve branches off of
A
C5 root
22
Q
Dorsal scapular nerve supplies 3 muscles:
A
Levator scapula
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
23
Q
Levator scapula also receives fibers from
A
C3 and 4
24
Q
Long thoracic nerve formed from
A
C5, 6, 7
25
Long thoracic N supplies
Serratus anterior
26
Suprascapular N contains fibers from
C5 and 6
27
Suprascapular N supplies
Supraspinatus
| Infraspinatus
28
Nerve to subclavius contains fibers from
C5 and 6
29
Nerve to subclavius supplies
Subclavius
30
Lateral pectoral N contains fibers from
C5, 6, 7
31
Lateral pectoral N supplies
Pectoralis major
32
Musculocutaneous N contains fibers from
C5, 6, 7
33
Musculocutaneous N supplies these muscles
Coracobrachialis
Biceps brachii (both heads)
Brachialis
34
Musculocuatneous N pierces belly of
Coracobrachialis
35
Musculocutaneous N continues between _____ and ____ to become _____
Biceps brachii; brachialis
Lateral cutaneous N of forearm
36
Lateral cutaneous N of forearm supplies skin over
Lateral aspect of forearm (NOT hand)
37
Medial pectoral N contains fibers from
C8 and T1
38
Medial pectoral N supplies
Pectoralis major
| Pectoralis minor
39
Medial cutaneous N of the arm contains fibers from
C8 and T1
40
Medial cutaneous N of arm supplies
Skin of medial arm btw axilla and elbow
41
Medial cutaneous N of arm receives some fibers from T2 thru communications w/
Intercostobrachial N
42
Medial cutaneous N of forearm contains fibers from
C8 and T1
43
Medial cutaneous N of forearm supplies
Skin over biceps
| Skin over ant and medial aspects of forearm
44
Ulnar N contains fibers from
C8 and T1 (sometimes C7)
45
Ulnar N travels medial to ____ in medial bicipital sulcus
Brachial artery
46
Ulnar nerve gives off ___ branches in arm
NO
47
Ulnar N crosses elbow on posterior side of
Medial epicondyle (funny bone)
48
Ulnar N continues in forearm between
Two heads of flexor carpi ulnaris
49
Ulnar N supplies 2 muscles:
Flexor carpi ulnaris
| Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus
50
2 sensory branches in forearm from ulnar N
Dorsal branch
| Palmar branch
51
Dorsal branch of ulnar N supplies
Skin on ulnar side of posterior hand
52
Palmar branch of ulnar N supplies
Skin over hypothenar eminence
53
Ulnar N travels deep to _____ and passes superficial to _____
Flexor carpi ulnaris; flexor retinaculum
54
Ulnar N divides into 2 branches in the hand
Superficial
| Deep
55
Superficial branch of ulnar N supplies
Palmar aspect of little finger
| Medial half of ring finger
56
Deep branch of ulnar N supplies
1. Abductor digiti minimi
2. Flexor digiti minimi brevis
3. Opponens digiti minimi
4. Adductor pollicis
5. Deep head flexor pollicis brevis
6. Interossei
7. Lumbricals 3 and 4
57
Claw hand affects
May/may not involve more than digits 4/5
58
Ape hand affects
All digits
59
Median N contains contributions from
Lateral and medial cord
60
Median N contains fibers from
C6, 7, 8 and T1
61
Median N crosses elbow on ___ side and enters forearm btw _____
Anterior; heads of pronator teres
62
Median N innervates 7 muscles
1. Pronator teres
2. Flexor carpi radialis
3. Palmaris longus
4. Flexor digitorum superficialis
5. Pronator quadratus
6. Flexor pollicis longus
7. Lateral belly flexor digitorum profundus
63
Anterior interosseous N of forearm helps supply these muscles w/ median N
Pronator quadratus
Flexor pollicis longus
Lateral belly of flexor digitorum profundus
64
Palmar branch of median N supplies skin of
Thenar eminence
Lateral wrist
Palm
65
Median N travels through ____ and divides into 3 _____
Carpal tunnel; common palmar digital nerves
66
Common palmar digital nerves supply
First 2 lumbricals
67
Branches of first common palmar digital N supply
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
68
Each common palmar digital N splits into 2
Proper palmar digital nerves
69
Proper palmar digital nerves have only ___ supply
Sensory
70
Proper palmer digital nerves supply skin over:
Lateral 3.5 digits anteriorly
| Lateral 2.5 digits posteriorly
71
Median N also supplies
Periosteium
Elbow
Radiocarpal and Midcarpal joints
72
Hand of oath/benediction
Very similar to claw hand
73
Carpal tunnel syndrome
“Pins and needles”
Possibly compromised at IVF, scalene tri, axilla, pronator teres heads, the carpal tunnel
74
Superior subscapular N contains fibers from
C5 and 6
75
Superior subscapular N supplies
Subscapularis
76
Thoracodorsal N contains fibers from
C6, 7, 8
77
Thoracodorsal N travels along posterior axillary wall through
Posterior triangle on posterior thorax
78
Thoracodorsal N supplies
Latissimus dorsi (largest muscle based on area)
79
Inferior subscapular N contains fibers from
C5 and 6
80
Inferior subscapular N supplies
Subscapularis
| Teres major
81
Axillary N contains fibers from
C5 and 6
82
Axillary N runs in axilla, travels posteriorly around
Surgical neck of humerus
83
Axillary N supplies
Deltoid
| Teres minor
84
Sensory branch given off by axillary N
Superior lateral cutaneous N of arm
85
Superior lateral cutaneous N of arm supplies
Skin over lateral shoulder and upper arm
86
Radial N contains fibers from
C5, 6, 7, 8; sometimes T1
87
Radial N supplies all muscles in
Posterior compartment of arm and forearm
88
Radial N spirals around to posterior humerus and enters forearm
Anterior to elbow, between brachialis and brachioradialis
89
Posterior cutaneous N of arm supplies
Skin on posterior side of upper arm
90
Inferior lateral cutaneous N of arm
Branches off in middle arm
91
Muscular branches of radial N given off in arm supply:
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Brachialis
92
Posterior cutaneous N of forearm supplies
Skin on lateral side of posterior forearm
93
Branches of Radial N given off at level of lateral epicondyle supply:
Brachioradialis
| Extensor carpi radialis longus
94
Radial N divides into _______ at level of radial head
Superficial and deep branches
95
Superficial branch of radial N sensory supply
Radial side of posterior hand
Extensor side of thumb and prox digits 2/3
Lateral half of extensor side of ring finger
96
Superficial branch of radial N also gives off
Communicating branch w/ ulnar N
97
Deep branch of radial N penetrates
Supinator muscle
98
Deep branch of radial N terminates as
Posterior interosseous N
99
Posterior interosseous N supplies
```
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Supinator
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis/longus
Extensor indicis
```
100
Radial N sends articular branches to
Shoulder and wrist
101
Wrist drop
Extension weak, unable to hold wrist in neutral position
102
Supraclavicular brachial plexus injury
Erb-Duchenne palsy
103
Erb-Duchenne palsy damaged nerves
suprascapular, musculocutaneous, axillary
104
Erb-Duchenne palsy muscles atrophied
Brachialis
Biceps brachii
Deltoid
105
“Waiter’s tip”
Upper extremity medially rotated
Wrist flexed
**from Erb-Duchenne palsy**
106
Infraclavicular brachial plexus injury
Klumpke’s palsy
107
Klumpke’s palsy damaged nerves
Ulnar N
108
Klumpke’s palsy muscles atrophied
Thenar/hypothenal and interossei
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus
