exam 3 - anxiety disorders (GAD)

Question 1

anxiety

Answer 1

strong negative (emotional and physical) fits of tension in anticipation of future danger. Concern that bodily and/or emotional harm is to come in the future
Could be real OR imagined danger
Future oriented

Question 2

fear

Answer 2

a sense of worry that an immediate imminent threat will cause harm
Occurs in face of danger
Strong escape tendency
Present oriented

Question 3

panic

Answer 3

a group of fight/flight response symptoms
Unexpectedly occurs when there is no obvious danger
Absent of fear and anxiety
“When am I going to have a panic attack”
Persistent anxiety about having a panic attack
An attempt to avoid situations which induce panic can worsen symptoms and reinforce their onset
Panic attacks are uncomfortable in the moment but are temporary
Need to lean in instead of avoid

Question 4

behavioral inhibition

Answer 4

during feelings of stress or fear a person may withdraw or retreat when faced with novel stimuli (environments, people, objects)
Those who exhibit BI have an increased risk for anxiety
BI is unique to the individual
More BI=More withdrawn, More anxious

Question 5

positive affectivity

Answer 5

persistent positive mood
States of joy, enthusiasm, and energetic
Significantly lower in rates of depression
Independent from symptoms of anxiety

Question 6

negative affectivity

Answer 6

persistent negative mood
States of nervousness, sadness, anger, and guilt
Present in both anxiety and depression

Question 7

PA is ___ correlated with depression

Answer 7

negatively
the more depressed = the lower positive affectivity

Question 8

PA is _____ correlated with anxiety

Answer 8

no correlation between PA and anxiety

Question 9

NA is related to both depression and anxiety

Answer 9

The more anxiety AND/OR depression = the more negative affectivity

Question 10

anxiety disorders covered in chapter

Answer 10

Specific phobias
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Social anxiety disorder
Separation anxiety disorder
Selective mutism
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Hoarding disorder
Panic disorder
Excoriation disorder
Trichotillomania
Body dysmorphic disorder
Related problems
school related behavior

Question 11

fight flight response

Answer 11

Immediate reaction to perceived danger or threat aimed at escaping potential harm
Adrenaline and noradrenaline are released from adrenal glands
HPA-Axis (stress response system)

Question 12

behavior lens principle

Answer 12

child psychopathology is viewed through the lens of a child’s culture to decipher whether something is appropriate or not

Question 13

two factor theory

Answer 13

a combination of operant and classical conditioning contributes to learning maintenance of fears
Classical conditioning’s role: learning to be fearful
EX// little Albert was conditioned to be fearful of the animal even though it was a noise that initially startled him and the animal was truly harmless
Operant conditioning’s role: maintaining the fear
EX// Albert may go on to discover that avoiding the animal brings instantaneous relief. This association reinforces the behavior to avoid this animal because of how “good” the relief felt over the “fear”

Question 14

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer 14

excessive, uncontrollable anxiety and worry which can be episodic or continuous
Worry happens over big AND small things
Worry about everything going on
Worry rules life
Do not find enjoyment because they are consumed with worry
Loss of friendships because of their negative outlook on the world
not as intense as panic disorder but more chronic and persistent

Question 15

chaining

Answer 15

1 worry reminds of another worry which brings up another worry

Question 16

somatic symptoms of GAD

Answer 16

headaches, stomachaches, muscle tension, trembling, elevated heart rate

causes health risks with prolonged somatic symptoms

Question 17

being in a constant state of worry and anxiousness makes somatic symptoms more _____

Answer 17

consistent