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PHARMA > Exam 3: Anemia & Hematopoetic GF > Flashcards

Exam 3: Anemia & Hematopoetic GF Flashcards

0
Q

What do the RBCs look like in IDA?

A

Microcytic and hypochromic

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1
Q

Most common form of chronic anemia?

A

Iron def. anemia

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2
Q

What are the 3 oral forms in iron therapy?

A

Ferrous:

  • sulfate
  • gluconate
  • fumarate
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3
Q

Iron cheating compound for iron excretion? Non oral form

A

Deferoxamine

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4
Q

Iron cheating compound for iron excretion? oral form

A

Deferasirox

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5
Q

How many tablets can cause lethal effects of acute iron toxicity in a child?

A

10 tablets

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6
Q

Adverse effects of iron therapy?

A 
Constipation
Black stools
Epigastric discomfort
Abdominal cramps
Nausea 
Diarrhea
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7
Q

How do the RBCs present in chronic iron toxicity?

A

Hemochromatosis

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8
Q

What are the 2 preparations for parenteral iron therapy?

A

Iron dextran

Iron sucrose

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9
Q

Iron dextran can present with what hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Urticaria

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10
Q

What is the disease where there is defective secretion of intrinsic factor?

A

Pernicious anemia

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11
Q

About how much folic acid is absorbed?
A. 10-20 mcg
B. 50-200 mcg
C. 70-400 mcg

A

B

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12
Q

Which IL is necessary for the lymphoid cell line?
A. IL- 11
B. IL- 7
C. IL-3

A

C

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13
Q

Your patient is neutropenic due to receiving several bouts of chemotherapy. Which growth factor should you prescribe to reverse the neutropenia?

A

Give G-CSF to increase neutrophil

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14
Q

How many new blood cells are made by the bone marrow each day?
A. 100 million
B. 200 million
C. 300 million

A

B

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15
Q

Hematopoiesis requires a constant supply of which essential nutrients? Name them. There are 3

A

Iron
Vit. B 12
Folic acid

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16
Q

Anemia results when:
A. Inadequate supply of essential nutrients
B. Deficient growth factors
C. Both

A

C

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17
Q 
Most common symptoms of anemia include all except: 
A. Pallor
B. Fatigue
C. Dizziness
D. Exertional dyspnea
E. Tachycardia
F.  Dec CO
G. Vasodilation
A

F. There is inc cardiac output

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18
Q

When there is inadequate iron, small erythrocytes with insufficient hemoglobin, which type of anemia can prevail?

A

Microcytic hypochromic anemia

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19
Q

Free inorganic iron is extremely toxic. T/F

A

True

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20
Q

Nearly all the iron used to support hematopoiesis comes from:
A. Diet
B. Gut microbiotia
C. Reclaimed catalysis of hemoglobin in senescent RBCs

A

C

21
Q 
Which population does not need iron supplementation?
A. Pregnant
B. Children
C. Menstruating women
D. Alcoholics
A

D

22
Q

How much iron is absorbed daily from diet?
A. 0.5-1 mg
B. 1-1.5 mg
C. 1.5-3 mg

A

A

23
Q 
Most of the iron is absorbed in the 
A. Duodenum 
B. Duodenum and proximal jejunum 
C. Distal ilium 
D. Proximal jejunum
A

B

24
Q

Eat this food for the best absorption of iron
A. Green leafy veggies
B. Whole grains
C. Red meat

A

C

25
Q

Transferrin is a beta-globulin used to transfer iron in the blood. How many iron molecules can it bind?

A

2

26
Q

Once the transferrin-iron complex enters via endocytosis, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous and enters the cytoplasm via

A

DMT1

27
Q

Storage form of iron

A

Ferritin

28
Q 
Iron is stored in these places except: 
A. Alveolar macrophages 
B. Intestinal mucosal cells
C. Macrophages and Parenchymal cells in the liver
D. Spleen
E. Bone
A

A

29
Q

If your serum hepcidin is elevated,
A. Iron release is inhibited
B. Iron is release

A

A

30
Q 
Which marker do you look at to estimate total body iron stores?
A. Transferrin 
B. Hepcidin
C. Ferritin
D. DMT1
A

C

31
Q

What is the efficient mechanism for iron excretion?
A. Lost in feces by exfoliation of intestinal mucosal cells
B. Excreted in bile, urine and sweat
C. None of the above

A

C. Excretion of iron is so limited. The factors listen above collaboratively only excrete 1 mg of iron per day

32
Q

What is the only clinical indication for the use of iron preparations?

A

IDA

33
Q 
Menstruating women lose about \_\_\_\_\_ mg of iron each menses?
A. 10
B. 20
C. 200
D. 30
A

D

34
Q

If you have folic acid deficiency, what do the RBCs look like?

A

Macrocytic and normochromic

35
Q

If you have a deficiency of cobalamin, you can get which type of anemia?

A

Megaloblastic anemia

36
Q

What is the preferred type of Vit. B12? And why?
A. Hydroxocobalamin
B. Cyanocobalamin

A

A. Because it is more protein bound and therefore remains longer in circulation 100-1000 mcg

37
Q

What is the ultimate source of Vit. B12?
A. Diet
B. Microbial synthesis

A

B

38
Q

How much Vit. B12 do you absorb everyday?

A

1-5 mcg

39
Q

Vit. B12 is bound to which glycoprotein and stored in liver?

A

Transcobalamin 1, 2 and 3. But mainly 2

40
Q

Which vitamin is needed to convert N5- methyltetrahydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate ?
A. B6
B. B9
C. B12

A

C

41
Q

B12 is needed for all of the following except for :
A. Turning methyl-malonyl CoA into succinyl CoA
B. THF Production
C. Transfer of 2 carbon units
D. Sufficient supplies of dTMP

A

C

42
Q

Which properly describes the methylfolate trap?
A. Accumulation of THF and a depletion of N5methyltetrahydrofolate
B. Accumulation of N5methyltetrahydrofolate and a depletion of THF

A

B

43
Q

An increase in which serum level can diagnose Vit. B12 deficiency?
A. Methionine
B. Homocysteine
C. Thymidine

A

B

44
Q

Schilling test is a diagnostic test to determine which anemia?

A

Pernicious

45
Q 
Folic acid is composed of: choose 2
A. Homocysteine 
B. Glutamic acid
C. P-aminobenzoic acid
D. Iron
A

B and C

46
Q

Long term use of phenytoin can cause folate deficiency due to the inhibition of which enzyme?
A. Folate reductase
B. Intestinal conjugase
C. Thymidylate synthase

A

B

47
Q 
Known hemtopoetic growth factors include all of the following: 
A. EPO
B. G-CSF
C. GM-CSF
D. IL-11
E. All of the above
A

E

48
Q 
First human hematopoietic growth factor to be isolated:
A. EPO
B. G-CSF
C. GM-CSF
D. IL-11
A

A

49
Q

Modified form of EPO that has a 2x-3x longer half life that epoetin alfa:
A. Darbepoetin Alfa
B. Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta
C. No such drug exists

A

A

50
Q 
Which hematopoietic GF can stimulate increased levels of megakaryocytes?
A. EPO
B. G-CSF
C. GM-CSF
D. IL-11
A

C

51
Q

Endogenous regulators of platelet production

A

IL-11 and thrombopoietin

PHARMA (7 decks)

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