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Exam 3 Flashcards

0
Q

The inferior thoracic aperture is bounded:

A

Posteriorly by the T12 vertebra
Posterolaterally by the 11th and 12th pairs of ribs
Anteriolaterally by the joined costal cartilages of ribs 7-10 forming the costal margin
Anteriorly by the xiphisternal joint

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1
Q

The superior thoracic aperture is bounded:

A

Posteriorly by the T1 vertebrae
Laterally by the 1st pair of ribs and their costal cartilages
Anteriorly by the superior border of the manubrium

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2
Q

True (vertebrocostal) ribs

A

1st-7th ribs

Attach directly to the sternum through their own costal cartilages

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3
Q

False (vertebrochondral) ribs

A

8th-10th ribs
Have cartilages that are joined to the cartilage of the rib just superior to them; thus their connection with the sternum is indirect

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4
Q

Characteristic features of thoracic vertebrae

A
  • bilateral costal facets (demifacets) on their bodies for articulation with the head of the ribs; atypical thoracic vertebrae have 1 whole costal facet in place of the demifacets
  • costal facets on their transverse processes for articulation with the tubercles of ribs, except for the inferior 2 or 3 thoracic vertebrae
  • long inferiorly slanting spinous processes
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5
Q

3 parts of sternum

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid processes

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6
Q

Intervertebral joint type

A

Symphysis

Secondary cartilaginous joint

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7
Q

Intervertebral joint articulates with:

A

Adjacent vertebral bodies bound together by intervertebral disc

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8
Q

Ligaments of intervertebral joint

A

Anterior and posterior longitudinal

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9
Q

Joint type of Costovertebral joints of the head of ribs

A

Synovial plane

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10
Q

Costovertebral joints of head of ribs articulates with:

A

Head of each rib with superior demifacet or costal facet of corresponding vertebral body and inferior demifacet or costal facet of vertebral body superior to it

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11
Q

Ligaments of costovertebral joints of head of ribs

A

Radiate and intra-articular ligaments of head of rib

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12
Q

Joint type of costotransverse joint

A

Synovial plane

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13
Q

Costotransverse articulations

A

Articulation of tubercle of rib with transverse process of corresponding vertebra

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14
Q

Costotransverse ligaments

A

Lateral and superior costotransverse

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15
Q

Visceral pleura (pulmonary pleura)

A

Covers the lungs and is adherent to all its surfaces
Including the surfaces within the horizontal and oblique fissures
It cannot be dissected from the lungs

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16
Q

Parietal pleura

A

Lines the pulmonary cavities, adhering to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm

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17
Q

Muscles that originate at inferior border of the ribs

A

External intercostal
Internal intercostal
Innermost intercostal

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18
Q

Origin of transversus thoracis

A

Posterior surface of lower sternum

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19
Q

Origin of subcostal

A

Internal surface of lower ribs near their angles

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20
Q

Origin of levatores costarum

A

Transverse processes of T7-T11

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21
Q

Origin of serratus posterior superior

A

Nuchal ligament

Spinous processes of C7-T3

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22
Q

Origin of serratus posterior inferior

A

Spinous processes of T11-L2

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23
Q

Insertion of external intercostal

A

Superior border of ribs below

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24
Insertion of internal intercostal
Superior border of ribs below
25
Insertion of innermost intercostal
Superior border of ribs below
26
Insertion of transversus thoracis
Internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6
27
Insertion of subcostal
Superior borders of 2nd or 3rd ribs below
28
Levatores costarum insertion
Subjacent ribs between tubercle and angle
29
Insertion of serratus posterior superior
Superior borders of 2nd-4th ribs
30
Insertion of serratus posterior inferior
Inferior borders of 8th-12th ribs near their angles
31
Innervated by intercostal nerve
External intercostal Internal intercostal Innermost intercostal
32
Innervation of levatores costarum
Posterior rami of C8-T11 nerves
33
Innervation of serratus posterior superior
2nd-5th intercostal nerves
34
Innervation of serratus posterior inferior
9th-11th intercostal nerves | Subcostal (T12) nerve
35
Actions of levatores costarum and serratus posterior superior
Elevates ribs
36
Actions of transversus thoracis
Weakly depresses ribs
37
Actions of external intercostal
During forced inspiration: elevates ribs
38
Sternocostal joint type
1st: primary cartilaginous joint | 2nd-7th: synovial plane joint
39
Sternoclavicular joint type
Saddle type synovial
40
Costochondral joint type
Primary cartilaginous joint
41
Manubriosternal joint type
Secondary cartilaginous joint | Symphysis
42
Xiphisternal joint type
Primary cartilaginous joint | Synchondrosis
43
Contents of superior mediastinum
Superior vena cava brachiocephalic veins trachea thymus
44
origin of external oblique
external surfaces of the 5th-12th ribs
45
insertion of external oblique
linea alba pubic tubercle anterior half of iliac crest
46
innervation of external oblique
thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11) subcostal nerve
47
actions of external oblique
compress and support abdominal viscera | flex and rotate trunk
48
origin of internal oblique
Thoracolumbar fascia anterior 2/3 of iliac crest connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament
49
insertion of internal oblique
inferior borders of 10th-12th ribs linea alba pubis via conjoint tendon
50
innervation of internal oblique
thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11) first lumbar nerve
51
actions of internal oblique
Compress and support abdominal viscera | flex and rotate trunk
52
origin of transversus abdominis
internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages thoracolumbar fascia iliac crest connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament
53
insertion transversus abdominis
linea alba with aponmeurosis of internal oblique pubic crest pectin pubis via conjoint tendon
54
innervation of transversus abdominis
thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11) first lumbar nerve
55
actions of transversus abdominis
Compresses and supports abdominal viscera
56
origin rectus abdominis
pubic symphysis | pubic crest
57
insertion rectus abdominis
xiphoid process | 5th-7th costal cartilages
58
innervation rectus abdominis
thoraco-abdominal nerves | anterior rami of inferior 6 thoracic nerves
59
actions of rectus abdominis
``` flexes trunk (lumbar vertebrae) compresses abdominal viscera stabilizes and controls tilt of pelvis (antilordosis) ```
60
linea alba
extends from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis

Gross Anatomy (8 decks)

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