Exam 3: Flashcards
Extent to which a person respects another’s autonomy
TACT Facework
What is an example of TACT Facework?
Parks + Rec hugging, Ron opposed to physical touch, affection, if practice tact facework if person don’t wanna be hugged respect that + leave them alone, want to minimize imposition to restrict freedom
Accepting another as a member of an in-group
SOLIDARITY Facework
What is an example of SOLIDARITY Facework?
Parks + Rec newcomer afraid to ask what happening in situation
you invite person, talk to Andy, explain inside joke, make them feel part of group, provide background info.
Focusing less on the negative aspects and more on the positive aspects of another
APPROBATION Facework
How is face negotiated differently in individualistic culture and collectivistic culture?
- individualistic culture
- concern for one’s own face emphasized
- negative face need more salient
- collectivistic culture
- concern for other’s face emphasized
- positive face need more salient
The process of learning and adopting the norms and values of the new host culture:
Acculturation
The individual prioritizes contact with the dominant or host culture over the maintenance of their country of origin’s culture
Assimilation
To lose one’s cultural identity and not having any psychological contact with the larger society?
Marginalization
Individuals who prioritize their original culture over learning about and interacting with members of the host culture?
Separation/segregation
What is maintaining important parts of one’s original culture as well as becoming an integral part of a new culture?
Integration
The group that holds the power in the culture?
The Dominant Group
The group who is subordinated?
The Muted Group/Non dominant group
What are some ways that marginalized voices can be silenced?
- ridicule
- ritual
- control
- harassment
According to Organizational Culture theory, anecdotes, stories, jokes and nicknames are all examples of which type of symbol?
a. physical symbols
b. verbal symbols
c. culture
d. ritual symbols
Verbal symbols
In the Department of Communication Studies, all faculty meet on the second Wednesday of the month for two hours to deliberate and vote on departmental issues. From the lens of Organizational Culture Theory, this is an example of which kind of cultural performance type?
a. political
b. passion
c. ritual
d. social
c. Ritual
New Belgium’s logo of a bicycle as well as the material objects at the brewery, such as the free postcards represent which cultural symbols?
a. verbal
b. enduring
c. behavioral
d. physical
d. Physical
T/F:
According to Pacanowsky & O’Donnell-Trujillo’s organizational culture theory, culture is something an organization has that can be created in a short period of time.
False
Which of the following is not a defining feature of an organization?
a. environment embedded
b. registered business
c. social collective with goals
d. structures and coordinating activity
b. registered business
In lecture, we discussed different kinds of leadership styles. Which style of leadership invite group
members to contribute thoughts and ideas and engage in group deliberation to make a decision?
a. authoritarian
b. laissez-faire
c. political
d. democratic
d. democratic
Individuals lack the specific skills required for the job in hand and they are willing to work at the task.
They are novice but enthusiastic. In this situation, which situational leadership style would you use?
a. delegating
b. directing
c. supporting
d. coaching
b. directing
Individuals are experienced at the task, and comfortable with their own ability to do it well. They are able and willing to not only do the task, but to take responsibility for the task. In this situation, which situational leadership style would you use?
a. delegating
b. supporting
c. coaching
d. directing
a. delegating
T/F:
In Face Negotiation Theory, the desire to be autonomous and free from others refers to positive face need.
b. false
Stella realizes that it is time to discuss the decline in the customer satisfaction survey numbers with her shift managers, Maria and Fred. She decides that the best way to approach the discussion is to emphasize the prior quality of work and to attempt to minimize the amount of blame for the decrease in numbers. Which type of facework is Stella using?
a. negative facework
b. solidarity facework
c. tact facework
d. approbation facework
d. approbation facework
T/F:
Acculturation (Acculturation Theory) refers to a process that occurs when a person is “socialized into
his or her own cultural group.”
False
T/F:
According to Acculturation theory, marginalization refers to the situation when individuals lose
contact with their country of origin’s culture and fail to connect to their new country’s culture.
True
T/F:
Biculturalism refers to the ability to cope comfortably in both the home and new cultures.
True
Which of the following statement is NOT true about cultural shock?
a. culture shock can result from an awareness that one’s basic assumptions about life and one’s familiar ways of behaving are no longer appropriate or functional
b. Culture shock refers to the feelings of disorientation and anxiety that individuals experience for a time while living in a new context
c. Culture shock happens in the first three month when you live abroad
d. Once individuals have adapted to the host culture, they might experience reverse culture shock when they return to their home culture
c. Culture shock happens in the first three month when you live abroad
Individuals who prioritize their original culture over learning about and interacting with members of
the host culture employ a ___________ strategy.
a. marginalization
b. assimilation
c. separation
d. integration
c. separation
Which acculturation strategy occurs when the individual prioritizes contact with the
dominant or host culture over the maintenance of their country of origin’s culture?
a. marginalization
b. assimilation
c. integration
d. separation
b. assimilation
T/F:
According to Muted Group Theory, the group that holds the power in a given culture is
known as the dominant group.
True
T/F:
Muted Group Theory is limited only to male and female dynamics.
False
T/F:
According to Muted Group Theory, a muted group needs to learn the dominant system
of expression.
True
When women’s talk is labeled “chattering, gossiping, nagging, whining, or bitching,” what
silencing process is occurring?
a. control
b. harassment
c. ritual
d. ridicule
d. ridicule
- organizational members create and maintain a shared sense of organizational reality (culture)
- the use and interpretation of symbols are critical to an organization’s culture
- Cultures vary across organizations and the interpretation of actions within these cultures are diverse
Assumptions of OCT
organized culture theory
What are some examples of physical symbols?
logo, buildings, decor, appearance
What are some examples of behavioral symbols?
ceremonies, traditions, rewards and punishments
What are some examples of verbal?
anecdotes, history, jokes, jargon
Stories that we share, phrases we repeat?
passion
Cooperation and politeness?
social performances
Performances done to socialize new members?
Enculturation performances
Power of being elected?
Legitimate
Power of being well-liked?
Referent
Power that provides rewards for behavior?
Reward
Power based on knowledge, expertise?
Expert
Power that involves punishment?
Coercive
Leader that makes all policy and procedure decisions; one person makes decisions?
Authoritarian
Policies and procedures are a matter of group discussion; share power with followers, leader invite ideas/opinions?
Democratic
Complete freedom for the group; gives group freedom, might take consultant role, answer questions?
Laissez-faire
The amount of guidance and direction a leader gives?
Directive behavior
The amount of socio-emotional support a leader provides?
Supportive behavior
Mostly one-way communication, leader defines roles and provides directions
Directing
2 way communication leader provides directions and socio-emotional support to encourage buy in
coaching
Shared decision making and leader is providing less task behaviors while maintaining high relationship behavior
Supporting
The process and responsibility has been passed to the individual or group, leader stays involved in monitor progress.
Delegating
The desire to be liked and admired.
positive face need
The desire to be autonomous and unconstrained. Not care what people think.
negative face need
