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Pharmacology PaxFlan > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

tetracycline

A

tetracycline ABX - 30s ribosomal inhibition

URTI, NGU, CAP, tick-borne disease

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2
Q

minocycline

A

tetracycline ABX - 30s ribosomal inhibition

acne

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3
Q

doxycycline

A

tetracycline ABX - 30s ribosomal inhibition

URTI, NGU, CAP, tick-borne dz

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4
Q

tigecycline

A

synthetic tetracycline - 30s ribosomal inhibition

nosocomial infections

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5
Q

omadacycline

A

synthetic tetracycline - 30s ribosomal inhibition

nosocomial infections

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6
Q

evravacycline

A

synthetic tetracycline - 30s ribosomal inhibition

nosocomial infections

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7
Q

azithromycin

A

macrolide ABX - 50s ribosomal inhibition

URTI, CAP, NGU, shigella in kids, campy

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8
Q

clarithromycin

A

macrolide ABX - 50s ribosomal inhibition

mainly h. pylori

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9
Q

erythromycin

A

macrolide ABX - 50s ribosomal inhibition

DM gastroparesis

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10
Q

fidaxomicin

A

unique macrolide - inhibits RNA polymerase

c.diff

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11
Q

clindamycin

A

lincosamide ABX - 50s ribosomal inhibition

anaerobic abscesses/infection; strep pharyngitis & SSTI in b-lactam allergy

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12
Q

linezolid

A

oxazolidinone ABX - 50s ribosomal inhibition

MRSA, VRE

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13
Q

tedizolid

A

oxazolidinone ABX - 50s ribosomal inhibition

MRSA, VRE

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14
Q

gentamycin

A

aminoglycoside ABX - 30s ribosome inhibition

aerobic GNB - synergistic w cell wall agents against enterococci

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15
Q

tobramycin

A

aminoglycoside ABX - 30s ribosomal inhibition

aerobic GNB - synergistic w cell wall agents against enterococci

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16
Q

amikacin

A

aminoglycoside ABX - 30s ribosomal inhibition

MDR GNB

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17
Q

lefamulin

A

pleuromutilin ABX - 50s ribosomal binding to inhibit protein synthesis
CAP

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18
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

non-respiratory FQ ABX - inhibits bacterial DNA topoisomerase to prevent DNA replication
upper & lower UTI, travelers diarrhea, enteric infection

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19
Q

levofloxacin

A

respiratory FQ ABX - inhibits bacterial DNA topoisomerase to prevent DNA replication
upper & lower UTI, travelers diarrhea, enteric infections, *URI/LRTIs

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20
Q

moxifloxacin

A

respiratory FQ ABX - inhibits bacterial DNA topoisomerase to prevent DNA replication
upper & lower UTI, travelers diarrhea, enteric infections, *URI/LRTIs

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21
Q

delafloxacin

A

MRSA FQ - inhibits bacterial DNA topoisomerase to prevent DNA replication
MRSA

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22
Q

metronidazole

A

nitromidazole ABX - causes loss of helical DNA structure & strand breakage
bacterial vaginosis, CDI, trich/giardia, intraabdominal abscesses

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23
Q

tinidazole

A

nitromidazole ABX

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24
Q

secnidazole

A

nitromidazole ABX

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25
Q

TMP-SMX (Bactrim)

A

anti-metabolite ABX - inhibits dihydrofolic acid synthesis; inhibits dihydrofolic acid reduction
PCP/PJP, lower UTI, MRSA suppression/treatment

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26
Q

nitrofurantoin

A 
inhibits bacterial enzyme acetyl coA
urinary pathogens (GNB + enterococci) --> lower UTI & prophylaxis of recurrent UTI
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27
Q

fosfomycin

A 
binds pyuvyl transferase 
urinary pathogens (GNB + enterococci) --> uncomplicated cystitis
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28
Q

rifaximin/rifamycin

A

inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis
noninvasive E.coli causing travelers diarrhea
prevention of hepatic encephalopathy

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29
Q

chloramphenicol

A

CNS infections

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30
Q

rifampin

A

inhibits RNA polymerase

active TB tx, latent TB, meningococcal meningitis

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31
Q

isoniazid

A

inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid

latent TB*, active TB

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32
Q

pyrazinamide

A

active TB component

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33
Q

ethambutol

A

inhibits cell wall synthesis

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34
Q

caspofungin

A

echinocandin antifungal - inhibits synthesis of B-13 glucan - cell wall component
invasive candida infection, aspergillus

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35
Q

michafungin

A

echinocandin antifungal - inhibits synthesis of B-13 glucan - cell wall component
invasive candida infection, aspergillus

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36
Q

anidulafungin

A

echinocandin antifungal - inhibits synthesis of B-13 glucan – cell wall component
invasive candida infection, aspergillus

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37
Q

amphotericin B

A

polyene antifungal - binds to ergosterol – alters cell membrane permeability
aspergillosis, zygomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, coccidiomycosis, Cryptococcus, sporotricosis

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38
Q

nystatin

A

polyene antifungal - binds to ergosterol – alters cell membrane permeability
OP candidiasis, intertrigo

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39
Q

oral antifungals

A

clotrimazole, miconazole

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40
Q

skin antifungals

A

ketoconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, miconazole

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41
Q

vaginal antifungals

A

clotrimazole, miconazole, tioconazole, terconazole

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42
Q

old systemic antifungals

A

fluconazole, ketoconazole, irtraconazole

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43
Q

fluconazole

A

azole antifungal - inhibits CYP450 enzyme which converts lanosterol to ergosterol (cell membrane)
candida infections

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44
Q

terbinafine

A

allylamine antifungal - inhibits sequalene epoxidase which inhibits ergosterol synthesis (cell membrane)
cutaneous dermatophyte infections, onchyomycosis

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45
Q

anti-HSV/VZV drugs

A

acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir

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46
Q

acyclovir

A

anti-HSV/VZV - competes with deoxyguanoside for viral DNA polymerase & is incorporated into viral DNA –> DNA chain termination
primary & recurrent genital HSV, orolabial HSV, encephalitis HSV, primary & secondary VZV

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47
Q

valacyclovir

A

anti-HSV/VZV - competes with deoxyguanoside for viral DNA polymerase & is incorporated into viral DNA –> DNA chain termination
primary & recurrent genital HSV, herpes zoster infection (secondary VZV)

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48
Q

famciclovir

A

anti-HSV/VZV - competes with deoxyguanoside for viral DNA polymerase & is incorporated into viral DNA –> DNA chain termination
primary & recurrent genital HSV, herpes zoster infection (secondary VZV)

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49
Q

anti-CMV drugs

A

ganciclovir, valganciclovir, letermovir

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50
Q

ganciclovir

A

anti-CMV drug

active retinitis, suppression of retinitis, colitis/esophagitis, prevention of CMV in transplant

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51
Q

valganciclovir

A

anti-CMV drug

induction & maintenance of CMV retinitis, prevention of CMV disease following transplant

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52
Q

letermovir

A

anti-CMV drug

prophylaxis of CMV infection & disease in CMV + adults of an allogenic HCT

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53
Q

amantadine

A

amantane/M2 inhibitors - anti-influenza; prevents viral penetration into host via blocking viral uncoating of influenza A
parkinsonism, drug-induced EPS

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54
Q

rimantadine

A

amantane/M2 inhibitors

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55
Q

oseltamivir

A

neuraminidase inhibitor - anti-influenza

chemoprophylaxis of influenza A & B; treatment of influenza A&B & swine/influenza

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56
Q

zanamivir

A

neuraminidase inhibitor - anti-influenza

amantadine/rimantadine & oseltamivir-resistance strains

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57
Q

peramivir

A

neuraminidase inhibitor - anti-influenza

IV anti-influenza in critical illness

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58
Q

baloxavir

A

polymerase acidic endonuclease inhibitor - blocks viral replication
influenza A&B, NA inhibitor resistant strains

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59
Q

emtricitabine (FTC)

A

pyrimidine cytosine analog - inhibition of viral replication
anti-HIV (+HBV activity

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60
Q

Tenofovir

A

purine adenine analog NRTI - inhibition of viral replication
anti-HIV (+HBV activity)

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61
Q

efavirenz (EFV)

A

1st generation NNRTI

anti-HIV

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62
Q

rilpivirine

A

2nd generation NNRTI

anti-HIV

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63
Q

darunavir

A

protease inhibitor - formation of immature, noninfectious viral particles
anti-HIV drug

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64
Q

ritonavir & cobicistat

A

added to PI (darunavir) to decrease dosage frequency of PI

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65
Q

INSTI drugs

A
  • gravir
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66
Q

enfuvirtide

A

fusion inhibitor

anti-HIV

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67
Q

maraviroc

A

entry inhibitor

anti-HIV

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68
Q

ibalizumap-uiyk

A

post-attachment inhibitor

MDR anti-HIV

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69
Q

sofosbuvir-velpatasvir

A

anti-HCV

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70
Q

glecaprevir-pibrentasvir

A

anti-HCV

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71
Q

scopolamine

A

anticholinergic/M1 receptor antagonist

prophylaxis of motion sickness, dry OP secretions

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72
Q

dimenhydrinate

A

antihistamine/H1 receptor antagonist

motion sickness

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73
Q

meclizine

A

antihistamine/H1 receptor antagonist

motion sickness, vertigo management

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74
Q

promethazine

A

phenothiazine derivative - blocks D2, H1 and alpha

migraines, allergic conditions, antiemetic, motion sickness

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75
Q

prochlorperazine

A

phenothiazine - Dopamine antagonist; blocks D1 & D2 and a-adrenergic blocking
antiemetic

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76
Q

droperidol

A

butyrophenone - dopamine antagonist; blocks D1 & D2 receptors

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77
Q

metoclopramide

A

benzamide - dopamine antagonist; blocks D2, serotonin + enhances response to Ach in UGI tissues
chemo-induced emesis, PONV, DM gastroparesis

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78
Q

trimethobenzamide

A

benzamide - dopamine antagonist; blocks D2, serotonin

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79
Q

ondansetron

A

1st gen serotonin antagonist - blocks in small bowel, vagus nerve, CTZ
PONV, CIE, nausea from irradiation, kids in ED with GE

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80
Q

granisetron

A

1st gen serotonin antagonist - blocks in small bowel, vagus nerve, CTZ
PONV, CIE, nausea from irradiation, kids in ED with GE

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81
Q

dolasetron

A

1st gen serotonin antagonist - blocks in small bowel, vagus nerve, CTZ
PONV, CIE, nausea from irradiation, kids in ED with GE

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82
Q

palonosetron

A

2nd gen serotonin antagonist - blocks in small bowel, vagus nerve, CTZ
CINV

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83
Q

management of N/V in pregnancy

A

lifestyle –> pyridoxine (B6) –> H1 antagonist (doxylamine) –> ondansetron –> phenothiazine (promethazine)

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84
Q

management of gastroparesis

A

dietary –> diabetes management –> avoid meds that induce it –> metoclopramide –> erythromycin –> domperidone/cisapride

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85
Q

Al(OH)3

A

aluminum hydroxide + magnesium hydroxide
neutralizes gastric acidity, increases pH
dyspepsia/GERD

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86
Q

CaCO3

A

calcium carbonate + magnesium hydroxide
neutralizes gastric acidity, increases pH
dyspepsia/GERD

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87
Q

Mg(OH)2

A

magnesium hydroxide
neutralizes gastric acidity, increases pH
dyspepsia/GERD

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88
Q

sucralfate

A

protective paste-like coating in stomach

SUP, GERD/PUD, stomatitis in chemotherapy, NSAID-induced ulcers

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89
Q

cimetidine

A

H2RA - blocks histamine receptors on parietal cells (basal > food-stimulated secretion)
GERD/PUD, *SUP, gastric hypersecretory states

90
Q

ranitidine

A

H2RA - blocks histamine receptors on parietal cells (basal > food-stimulated secretion)
GERD/PUD, *SUP, gastric hypersecretory states

91
Q

famotidine

A

H2RA - blocks histamine receptors on parietal cells (basal > food-stimulated secretion)
GERD/PUD, *SUP, gastric hypersecretory states

92
Q

nizatidine

A

H2RA - blocks histamine receptors on parietal cells (basal > food-stimulated secretion)
GERD/PUD, *SUP, gastric hypersecretory states

93
Q

omeprazole

A

PPI - suppresses basal and stimulated acid secretion by inhibiting H/K pump
*PUD +/- bleeding, *gastric hypersecretory states, h. pylori, GERD/PUD (H2RA>), SUP (famotidine >)

94
Q

esomeprazole

A

PPI - suppresses basal and stimulated acid secretion by inhibiting H/K pump
*PUD +/- bleeding, *gastric hypersecretory states, h. pylori, GERD/PUD (H2RA>), SUP (famotidine >)

95
Q

pantoprazole

A

PPI - suppresses basal and stimulated acid secretion by inhibiting H/K pump
*PUD +/- bleeding, *gastric hypersecretory states, h. pylori, GERD/PUD (H2RA>), SUP (famotidine >)

96
Q

rabeprazole

A

PPI - suppresses basal and stimulated acid secretion by inhibiting H/K pump
*PUD +/- bleeding, *gastric hypersecretory states, h. pylori, GERD/PUD (H2RA>), SUP (famotidine >)

97
Q

lansoprazole

A

PPI - suppresses basal and stimulated acid secretion by inhibiting H/K pump
*PUD +/- bleeding, *gastric hypersecretory states, h. pylori, GERD/PUD (H2RA>), SUP (famotidine >)

98
Q

dexlansoprazole

A

PPI - suppresses basal and stimulated acid secretion by inhibiting H/K pump
*PUD +/- bleeding, *gastric hypersecretory states, h. pylori, GERD/PUD (H2RA>), SUP (famotidine >)

99
Q

what PPIs are OTC

A

lansoprazole, esomeprazole, omeprazole

100
Q

misoprostol

A

analog of prostaglandin E1

NSAID induced ulcers, PUD, obstetric indications

101
Q

Fe dosing and what drugs decrease its absorption

A

100-200 1X/DAY –> then BID/TID

antacids, H2RAs, PPIs

102
Q

historical h. pylori therapy

A

PPI + clarithromycin + metronidazole or amoxicillin

103
Q

concomitant quad therapy (& how often)

A

PPI + clarithromycin + amoxicillin + metronidazole or tinidazole
BID

104
Q

bismuth quad therapy

A

PPI + bismuth + tetracycline + metronidazole or tinidazole

QID

105
Q

what makes up GI cocktail

A

viscous lidocaine + liquid antacid +/- antispasmodic

106
Q

what makes up magic mouthwash

A

viscous lidocaine + liquid antacid + diphenhydramine

Benadryl + Maalox + lidocaine + simethicone

107
Q

steps to managing GERD in pregnancy

A

lifestyle –> antacids (AlOH3)–> sucralfate –> H2RA (Ranitidine)–> PPI (anything but omep)

108
Q

wheat dextrin

A

bulk laxative - speeds up transit

acute/subacute constipation

109
Q

psyillum

A

bulk laxative - speeds up transit

acute/subacute constipation

110
Q

methylcellulose

A

bulk laxative - speeds up transit

acute/subacute constipation

111
Q

polycarbophil

A

bulk laxative - speeds up transit

acute/subacute constipation

112
Q

docusate

A

stool softener

acute/subacute constipation

113
Q

magnesium hydroxide

A

saline laxative - increases peristaltic action

acute/subacute constipation

114
Q

Bisacodyl

A

stimulant laxative - increases motility

acute/subacute constipation

115
Q

senna

A

stimulant laxative - increases motility

acute/subacute constipation

116
Q

castor oil

A

stimulant laxative - increases motility

acute/subacute constipation

117
Q

lactulose

A

hyperosmolar laxative

mostly hepatic encephalopathy, acute/subacute constipation

118
Q

polyethylene glycol

A

hyperosmolar laxative

bowel prep, chronic constipation

119
Q

mineral oil

A

lubricant laxative

acute/subacute constipation

120
Q

suppositories

A

glycerin

bisacodyl

121
Q

enemas

A

mineral oil retention
tap water
sodium phosphate
soap suds

122
Q

drugs for CIC

A

lubiprostone
linactolide
plecanatide
prucalopride

123
Q

lubiprostone

A

opens Cl- channels on luminal surface of GI epithelium - stimulates Cl- rich intestinal fluid secretion & decreases transit time
CIC, IBS-C, OIC with non-cancer pain

124
Q

linactolide

A

guanylate cyclase-C receptor agonist - activation of CFTR ion channel - increased secretion of Cl- & bicarb into lumen - increase intraluminal fluid & increased transit time
CIC, IBS-C

125
Q

plecanatide

A

guanylate cyclase-C receptor agonist - activation of CFTR ion channel - increased secretion of Cl- & bicarb into lumen - increase intraluminal fluid & increased transit time
CIC, IBS-C

126
Q

prucalopride

A

selective agonist of 5HT4 receptors - stimulates secretions & increases transit time
CIC

127
Q

drugs for OIC

A

methynaltrexone
naloxegol
naldemedine

128
Q

methylnaltrexone

A

selective u-opioid receptor antagonist

OIC with advanced illness (palliative care), OIC with chronic non-cancer pain

129
Q

naloxegol

A

Pegylated version of naloxone

OIC with non-cancer pain

130
Q

naldemedine

A

naltrexone derivative

OIC with non-CA pain

131
Q

management for children with constipation

A
  1. disimpaction with PEG>enema

2. maintenance - dietary, PEG daily

132
Q

management for constipation in pregnancy

A
  1. bulk laxative

2. osmotic/saline laxative (PEG = C, lactulose = B)

133
Q

management for constipation for regular outpatient

A
  1. fiber, water, exercise

2. simulants, PEG

134
Q

drugs for diarrhea

A

bismuth subsalicylate
loperamide
diphenoxylate & atropine

135
Q

bismuth subsalicylate

A

antisecretory, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial

mild, non-specific diarrhea; prevention & tx of traveler’s diarrhea

136
Q

loperamide

A

poorly absorbed opioid - decreases peristalsis time and increases transit time
acute diarrhea, IBS-D

137
Q

diphenoxylate & atropine

A

diphen: inhibits excessive GI motility & GI propulsion, atropine discourages abuse
acute diarrhea, IBS-D

138
Q

management of IBS

A
  1. stress reduction
  2. exercise
  3. dietary education
  4. dietary/supplemental fiber
  5. laxatives (PEG & Mg)
  6. anti-diarrhea
  7. anti-spasmodic (hyoscyamine, dicyclomine)
  8. psychotherapy
139
Q

hyoscyamine

A

antispasmodic for IBS

140
Q

dicyclomine

A

antispasmodic for IBS

141
Q

drugs for IBS-C

A 
lubiprostone 
linactolide
plecanatide 
tegaserod
tenapanor 
SSRI
142
Q

tegaserod

A

antagonist of 5HT4 receptor

IBS-C in women <65 w/o cardiac history

143
Q

tenapanor

A

Na+ hydrogen exchanger - increases fluid secretion & acceleration of transit time
IBS-C

144
Q

IBS-D drugs

A

eluxadoline
alonsetron
rifaximin
TCA

145
Q

eluxadoline

A

u receptor agonist & delta receptor antagonist

IBS-D

146
Q

alonsetron

A

5HT3 receptor antagonist

IBS-D

147
Q

tolterodine

A

non-selective muscarinic antagonist - blocks M2 & M3 - blocks M2 & M3 - decreases uninhibited contractions, increases bladder capacity, delays desire to void - decreases IVS
urinary incontinence

148
Q

festoterodine

A

non-selective muscarinic antagonist - blocks M2 & M3 - blocks M2 & M3 - decreases uninhibited contractions, increases bladder capacity, delays desire to void - decreases IVS
urinary incontinence

149
Q

trospium

A

non-selective muscarinic antagonist - blocks M2 & M3 - decreases uninhibited contractions, increases bladder capacity, delays desire to void - decreases IVS
urinary incontinence

150
Q

oxybutynin

A

“primarily” M3 selective antagonist - primarily M3 - decreases uninhibited contractions, increases bladder capacity, delays desire to void - decreases IVS
urinary incontinence

151
Q

solfenacin

A

“primarily” M3 selective antagonist - primarily M3 - decreases uninhibited contractions, increases bladder capacity, delays desire to void - decreases IVS
urinary incontinence

152
Q

darifenacin

A

selective M3 antagonist - blocks M2 & M3 - decreases uninhibited contractions, increases bladder capacity, delays desire to void - decreases IVS
urinary incontenence

153
Q

terazosin

A

“non-selective” post-synaptic a1 antagonist - a1a (relaxes smooth muscle done, relieves OVS) and a1b antagonist (postural hypotension & syncope)
BPH, HTN, medical expulsive therapy for stones

154
Q

doxazosin

A

“non-selective” post-synaptic a1 antagonist - a1a (relaxes smooth muscle done, relieves OVS) and a1b antagonist (postural hypotension & syncope)
BPH, HTN, medical expulsive therapy for stones

155
Q

alfuzosin

A

“uroselective” post-synaptic a1 antagonist - just blocks a1 (functionally uroselective)
help pass kidney stones, BPH, bladder outlet obstruction (women)

156
Q

tamsulosin

A

“uroselective” post-synaptic a1 antagonist - just blocks a1 (functionally uroselective)
help pass kidney stones, BPH, bladder outlet obstruction (women)

157
Q

silodosin

A

“uroselective” post-synaptic a1 antagonist - just blocks a1 (functionally uroselective)
help pass kidney stones, BPH, bladder outlet obstruction (women)

158
Q

sildenafil

A

PDE5 inhibitor - potentiates relaxation of smooth muscle for more engorgement
ED, pulmonary arterial HTN

159
Q

tadalafil

A

PDE5 inhibitor - potentiates relaxation of smooth muscle for more engorgement
ED, pulmonary arterial HTN, BPH

160
Q

vardenafil

A

PDE5 inhibitor - potentiates relaxation of smooth muscle for more engorgement
ED

161
Q

avanafil

A

PDE5 inhibitor - potentiates relaxation of smooth muscle for more engorgement
ED

162
Q

filbanserin

A

agonist at 5HT1, antagonist at 5HT2

tx of FSIAD in premenopausal women (increases libido, not blood flow)

163
Q

bremelanotide

A

activates melanocortin receptor subtypes to improve female arousal, sexual desire, orgasm
tx of FSIAD in premenopausal women

164
Q

azathioprine

A

anti-metabolite - decreases B&T lymphocytes, decreases IL-2 secretion, decreases IG synthesis
transplant, active RA, corticosteroid IBD, psoriatic arthritis

165
Q

mycophenolate

A

anti-metabolite - decreases B&T cell proliferation

transplant, GVHD, lupus nephritis/psoriasis/myasthenia gravis

166
Q

cyclosporine

A

calcineurin-inhibitor - decreases IL-2 production to inhibit activation of resting T cells
transplant, ophthalmic drops for keratoconjunctivitis sicca-associated ocular inflammation, severe/refractory IBD/psoriasis/RA

167
Q

tacrolimus

A

calcineurin-inhibitor - decreases IL-2 production to inhibit activation of resting T cells (similar to cyclosporine)
transplant, refractory ulcerative colitis, mod-severe atopic dermatitis

168
Q

prednisone for transplant

A

prodrug to active metabolite prednisolone

organ transplant

169
Q

sirolimus

A

suppresses cytokine-driven T-cell proliferation

prophylaxis for organ rejection

170
Q

belatacept

A

selective T-cell costimulation blocker

prophylaxis of RENAL transplant in EBV seropositive pts

171
Q

allopurinol

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

gout maintenance, prevention of acute uric acid nephropathy during chemo for malignancies

172
Q

febuxostat

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

gout maintenance, prevention of acute uric acid nephropathy during chemo for malignancies

173
Q

ibuprofen, naproxen for gout

A

naproxen&raquo_space;
1st line for acute gout flare
full dose until flare resolves

174
Q

prednisone for gout

A

for acute gout flare if kidney dz, cirrhosis, HF

175
Q

colchicine

A

unknown MOA

1st line in gout MAINTENANCE, last line in acute gout, familial mediteranean fever, pericarditis

176
Q

probenecid

A

uricosuric agent - promotes renal clearance of UA (gout diuretic)
prevention of hyperuricemia
*need to have functioning kidneys

177
Q

pegloticase

A

oxidation of UA –> water-soluble substance that is cleared

IV of chronic severe symptomatic gout

178
Q

triple therapy for inflammatory arthritis

A

MTX + leflunomide + hydroxychloroquine

179
Q

biologic therapy for inflammatory arthritis

A

MTX + TNF-inhibitor (or other biologic)

180
Q

MTX

A

non-biologic DMARD - inhibits DNA synthesis
tumors, RA, psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis

anti-metabolite for chemotherapy

181
Q

leflunomide

A

non-biologic DMARD - inhibits DNA synthesis

RA for pts who get MTX toxicity

182
Q

hydroxychloroquine

A

non-biologic DMARD - inhibits movement of neutrophils & chemotaxis of eosinophils
RA, SLE, anti-malaria

183
Q

sulfasalazine

A

non-biologic DMARD- inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

RA, IBD

184
Q

tofacitinib

A

JAK inhibitor

mod-severe RA, psoriatic arthritis, UC

185
Q

baricitinib

A

JAK inhibitor

mod-severe RA

186
Q

upadacitinib

A

JAK inhibitor

mod-severe RA

187
Q

infliximab

A

biologic DMARD, TNF-inhibitor; blocks TNF, a proinflammatory cytokine
mod-severe RA, psoriatric arthritis, severe plaque psoriasis, IBD, ankylosing spondyltitis, sJIA

188
Q

etanercept

A

biologic DMARD, TNF-inhibitor; blocks TNF, a proinflammatory cytokine
mod-severe RA, psoriatric arthritis, severe plaque psoriasis, IBD, ankylosing spondyltitis, sJIA

189
Q

adalimumab

A

biologic DMARD, TNF-inhibitor; blocks TNF, a proinflammatory cytokine
mod-severe RA, psoriatric arthritis, severe plaque psoriasis, IBD, ankylosing spondyltitis, sJIA

190
Q

certolizumab

A

biologic DMARD, TNF-inhibitor; blocks TNF, a proinflammatory cytokine
mod-severe RA, psoriatric arthritis, severe plaque psoriasis, IBD, ankylosing spondyltitis, sJIA

191
Q

golimumab

A

biologic DMARD, TNF-inhibitor; blocks TNF, a proinflammatory cytokine
mod-severe RA, psoriatric arthritis, severe plaque psoriasis, IBD, ankylosing spondyltitis, sJIA

192
Q

abatacept

A

biologic DMARD, t-cell costimulation blocker

for RA pts who dont respond to TNF inhibitor

193
Q

rituximab

A

biologic DMARD, CD20 mab

for RA pts who dont respond to TNF inhibitor

194
Q

anakinra

A

biologic DMARD, IL-1 antagonist

for RA pts who dont respond to TNF inhibitor

195
Q

sarilumab

A

biologic DMARD, IL-6 antagonist

for RA pts who dont respond to TNF inhibitor

196
Q

toclizumab

A

biologic DMARD, IL-6 antagonist

for RA pts who dont respond to TNF inhibitor

197
Q

apremilast

A

PDE-4 inhibitor - down regulation of inflammatory cytokines

psoriatic arthritis, severe plaque psoriasis

198
Q

secukinumab

A

IL-17 antagonist

psoriatic arthritis, severe plaque psoriasis

199
Q

ixekizumab

A

IL-17 antagonist

psoriatic arthritis, severe plaque psoriasis

200
Q

ustekinumab

A

IL-12/23 antagonist

psoriatic arthritis, severe plaque psoriasis, chrons

201
Q

cyclophosphamide

A

alkylating chemotherapy agent - prevents cell division by cross-linking DNA strands
cancer, nephrotic syndrome, GPA, SLE
sterility, hemorrhagic cystitis

202
Q

cisplatin

A

alkylating chemotherapy agent - prevents cell division by cross-linking DNA strands
cancer
nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity

203
Q

5-FU

A

anti-metabolite chemotherapy agent - interferes with DNA synthesis
cancer
stomatitis/mucositis, enterocolits, hyperpigmentation

204
Q

cytarabine

A

anti-metabolite chemotherapy agent - inhibits DNA synthesis
cancer
cytarabine syndrome, severe cerebellar toxicity

205
Q

doxorubicin

A

antibiotic chemotherapy agent
cancer
radiation recall, cardiotoxicity

206
Q

bleomycin

A

antibiotic chemotherapy agent
cancer
striae, rash, acute/chronic insterstitial pneumonitis

207
Q

vinblastine

A

plant alkaloid chemotherapy agent - disrupts formation of mitotic spindle
cancer
myelosuppression, SIADH, hyperuricemia

208
Q

paclitaxel

A

plant alkaloid chemotherapy agent - disrupts formation of mitotic spindle
cancer
peripheral neuropathy, hypersensitivity, rhythm abnormalities, myelosuppression, arthralgias

209
Q

aprepitat

A

substance P/NK receptor antagonist

- delayed CINV (best when combined with dexamethasone + 5HT3)

210
Q

fosaprepitant

A

substance P/NK receptor antagonist

- delayed CINV (best when combined with dexamethasone + 5HT3)

211
Q

rolapitant

A

substance P/NK receptor antagonist

- delayed CINV (best when combined with dexamethasone + 5HT3)

212
Q

serotonin antagonists for CINV

A

inhibits serotonin at 5HT3 receptor in small bowel, vagus nerve, CTZ
for ACUTE CINV

213
Q

dexamethasone for CINV

A

acute & delayed CINV

214
Q

dronabinol

A

synthetic THC

CINV that hasn’t responded to other therapies

215
Q

nabilone

A

synthetic THC

CINV that hasn’t responded to other therapies

216
Q

epoetin alfa

A

similar to natural EPO

tx of anemia in cancer pts on chemo

217
Q

darpoetin alfa

A

kinda similar to EPO

tx of anemia in cancer pts on chemo

218
Q

peginesatide

A

synthetic, PEGylated analog of EPO

anemia in CKD pts, cancer pts on chemo

219
Q

filgastrim

A

granulocyte-colony stimulating factor

cancer pts receiving myelosuppressive chemo

220
Q

pegfilgastrim

A

granulocyte-colony stimulating factor

cancer pts receiving myelosuppressive chemo

221
Q

sargramostrim

A

granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor

cancer pts receiving myelosuppressive chemo

Pharmacology PaxFlan (12 decks)

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