Exam 2 drugs Flashcards

Question

guaifenesin

Answer 1

expectorant for cough

Answer 2

antimuscarinic effects for cough

Answer 3

decrease PND for cough

Answer 4

smoking cessation, MDD, seasonal affective disorder | *dont give with anxiety! or seizure hx

Answer 5

osteoporosis (1000-1200)

Answer 6

estrogen +/- progestin | not 1st line for osteoporosis - now causes VTE, CA, CVA

Answer 7

SERM - selective estrogen receptor modulator | osteoporosis

Answer 8

SERM - selective estrogen receptor modulator | osteoporosis

Answer 9

anti-rank ligand - prevents preosteoclasts-->osteoclasts | osteoporosis, mets from solid tumors

Answer 10

bisphos - incorporates into bone, gets released by osteoclasts = osteoclast apoptosis osteoporosis

Answer 11

bisphos - incorporates into bone, gets released by osteoclasts = osteoclast apoptosis osteoporosis

Answer 12

bisphos - incorporates into bone, gets released by osteoclasts = osteoclast apoptosis osteoporosis

Answer 13

PTH/PTHrP analog - increases osteoblasts, increase Ca2+ in GI tract and kidney osteoporosis with high risk of fracture

Answer 14

PTH/PTHrP analog - increases osteoblasts, increase Ca2+ in GI tract and kidney osteoporosis with high risk of fracture

Answer 15

sclerostin inhibitor - stimulates osteoblasts | osteoporosis

Answer 16

T4-->T3 | hypothyroidism

Answer 17

T3 | hypothyroidism

Answer 18

T3 & T4 | hypothyroidism

Answer 19

thionamide - blocks conversion in thyroid and liver | hyperthyroidism in 1st trimester pregnancy, thyroiditis (thyroid storm)

Answer 20

thionamide - blocks conversion just in thyroid | hyperthyroidism

Answer 21

sodium iodine I-131 - inflammation = destroys thyroid | hyperthyroidism

Answer 22

dexamethasone

Answer 23

biguanides- decreases hepatic glucose production, increases GLP1 pre-DM, DM, PCOS

Answer 24

sulfonyurea- binds ATP K+ channel = increased insulin secretion DM (not used)

Answer 25

sulfonyurea - binds ATP K+ channel = increased insulin secretion DM (not used in elderly)

Answer 26

sulfonyurea OF CHOICE - binds ATP K+ channel = increased insulin secretion DM

Answer 27

meglitinides - binds ATP K+ channel = increased insulin secretion DM

Answer 28

meglitinides - binds ATP K+ channel = increased insulin secretion DM

Answer 29

TZD - ppar-y agonist | DM (favorable lipid effects)

Answer 30

TZD - ppar-y with ppar-a activity | DM

Answer 31

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor - decreases glucose absorption at SI brush border DM

Answer 32

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor - decreases glucose absorption at SI brush border DM

Answer 33

GLP-1 agonists - stimulates insulin, inhibits glucagon secretion, hepatic glucose production, gastric emptying, appetite DM, *weight loss

Answer 34

GLP-1 agonists - stimulates insulin, inhibits glucagon secretion, hepatic glucose production, gastric emptying, appetite DM - *most potent A1C lowering

Answer 35

GLP-1 agonists - stimulates insulin, inhibits glucagon secretion, hepatic glucose production, gastric emptying, appetite DM

Answer 36

GLP-1 agonists - stimulates insulin, inhibits glucagon secretion, hepatic glucose production, gastric emptying, appetite DM

Answer 37

GLP-1 agonists - stimulates insulin, inhibits glucagon secretion, hepatic glucose production, gastric emptying, appetite DM

Answer 38

DPP-4 inhibitor - prolong active incretin levels | DM

Answer 39

DPP-4 inhibitor - prolong active incretin levels | DM

Answer 40

DPP-4 inhibitor - prolong active incretin levels | DM

Answer 41

DPP-4 inhibitor - prolong active incretin levels | DM

Answer 42

SGLT-2 inhibitor - decreases glucose and Na reabsorption, increase urinary glucose/Na excretion DM

Answer 43

SGLT-2 inhibitor - decreases glucose and Na reabsorption, increase urinary glucose/Na excretion DM *agent of choice!!

Answer 44

SGLT-2 inhibitor - decreases glucose and Na reabsorption, increase urinary glucose/Na excretion DM

Answer 45

SGLT-2 inhibitor - decreases glucose and Na reabsorption, increase urinary glucose/Na excretion DM

Answer 46

fast-acting insulin

Answer 47

faster-acting insulin

Answer 48

faster-acting insulin

Answer 49

faster-acting insulin

Answer 50

intermediate insulin

Answer 51

long acting insulin

Answer 52

long acting insulin

Answer 53

long acting insulin

Answer 54

diuretic | decrease ICP, TURP procedure

Answer 55

diuretic | acute mountain sickness

Answer 56

``` loop diuretic (loop of henle) pulmonary edema, other edema states, hypercalcemia ```

Answer 57

``` loop diuretic (loop of henle) pulmonary edema, other edema states, hypercalcemia ```

Answer 58

``` loop diuretic (loop of henle) pulmonary edema, other edema states, hypercalcemia ```

Answer 59

``` loop diuretic (loop of henle) pulmonary edema, other edema states, hypercalcemia ```

Answer 60

``` thiazide diuretic (distal convoluted tubule) HTN ```

Answer 61

``` thiazide diuretic (distal convoluted tubule) HTN (more potent, longer 1/2 life) ```

Answer 62

``` thiazide diuretic (distal convoluted tubule) HTN (synergistic with loops) ```

Answer 63

anti-aldo / K+ sparing diuretic - blocks at cortical collecting tubule primary & secondary aldosteronism, hirsutism/acne

Answer 64

anti- aldo / K+ sparing diuretic - blocks at cortical collecting tubule primary & secondary aldosteronism, hirsutism/acne

Answer 65

K+ sparing diuretic - in distal tubule, cortical collecting tubule, collecting duct with other diuretics to correct/prevent hypo K+

Answer 66

K+ sparing diuretic - in distal tubule, cortical collecting tubule, collecting duct with other diuretics to correct/prevent hypo K+

Answer 67

ACEi - inhibits angioten 1 --> angioten 2 & dilates efferent arteriole HF with systolic dysfunction, HTN (LVH>), CKD, post-AMI (ONLY QDAY)

Answer 68

ACEi - inhibits angioten 1 --> angioten 2 & dilates efferent arteriole HTN with systolic dysfunction, HTN (LVH>), CKD, post-AMI

Answer 69

ARB - inhibits binding of angiotensin to AT1 receptor = no vasoconstricting effects HTN with systolic dysfunction, HTN, CKD, post-AMI + gout prevention!

Answer 70

ARB - inhibits binding of angiotensin to AT1 receptor = no vasoconstricting effects HTN with systolic dysfunction, HTN, CKD, post-AMI

Answer 71

ARB - inhibits binding of angiotensin to AT1 receptor = no vasoconstricting effects HTN with systolic dysfunction, HTN, CKD, post-AMI

Answer 72

renin inhibitor | HTN (but never used)

Answer 73

long-acting alpha-blocker - blocks a1 = dilates resistance and capacitance vessels BPH, medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones, HTN, endocrine HTN

Answer 74

long-acting alpha-blocker - blocks a1 = dilates resistance and capacitance vessels

Answer 75

short-acting alpha-blocker - blocks a1 = dilates resistance and capacitance vessels

Answer 76

non-selective B-blocker HTN, unstable angina, post-AMI, HFrEF, systolic HF, arrhythmias, perioperative, migraine prophylaxis, essential tremors, **infantile hemangiomas

Answer 77

non-selective B-blocker | HTN, unstable angina, post-AMI, HFrEF, systolic HF, arrhythmias, perioperative, migraine prophylaxis, essential tremors

Answer 78

non-selective B-blocker | HTN, unstable angina, post-AMI, HFrEF, systolic HF, arrhythmias, perioperative, migraine prophylaxis, essential tremors

Answer 79

selective B-blocker | HTN, unstable angina, post-AMI, HFrEF, systolic HF, arrhythmias, perioperative, migraine prophylaxis, essential tremors

Answer 80

non-selective B-blocker w. alpha-activity | HTN, unstable angina, post-AMI, HFrEF, systolic HF, arrhythmias, perioperative, migraine prophylaxis, essential tremors

Answer 81

non-selective B-blocker w. alpha activity | HTN, unstable angina, post-AMI, HFrEF, systolic HF, arrhythmias, perioperative, migraine prophylaxis, essential tremors

Answer 82

selective B-blocker (B3) + NO activity | HTN, unstable angina, post-AMI, HFrEF, systolic HF, arrhythmias, perioperative, migraine prophylaxis, essential tremors

Answer 83

short-acting DHP - CCB - inhibit L-type Ca channel in vascular smooth muscle = decreased PVR HTN, angina, Raynaud

Answer 84

long-acting DHP - CCB - inhibit L-type Ca channel in vascular smooth muscle = decreased PVR HTN, angina, Raynaud

Answer 85

``` non-DHP CCB - blocks L-type Ca channel in heart = (-) ionotropic effect (more cardiac activity than diltiazem) cardiac arrhythmias (SVT, a-fib) ```

Answer 86

``` non-DHP CCB - blocks L-type Ca channel in heart = (-) ionotropic effect cardiac arrhythmias (SVT, a-fib) ```

Answer 87

direct vasodilator = decrease PVR | HTN, HF in blacks, eclampsia/preeclampsia

Answer 88

direct vasodilator = decrease PVR | HTN, alopecia, OSA, hyper aldosterone tumor

Answer 89

central alpha-agonist - stimulates a2 receptors = decrease PVR, renal vascular resistance, HR, BP HTN (patch)

Answer 90

central alpha-agonist - stimulates a2 receptors = decrease PVR, renal vascular resistance, HR, BP HTN

Answer 91

hmg-coa reductase inhibitor - uptakes regulation of LDL = decreased serum LDL LDL-lowering

Answer 92

hmg-coa reductase inhibitor - uptakes regulation of LDL = decreased serum LDL LDL-lowering dosed in AM (short 1/2 life)

Answer 93

hmg-coa reductase inhibitor - uptakes regulation of LDL = decreased serum LDL LDL-lowering

Answer 94

hmg-coa reductase inhibitor - uptakes regulation of LDL = decreased serum LDL LDL-lowering

Answer 95

hmg-coa reductase inhibitor - uptakes regulation of LDL = decreased serum LDL LDL-lowering

Answer 96

hmg-coa reductase inhibitor - uptakes regulation of LDL = decreased serum LDL LDL-lowering dosed in AM (short 1/2 life)

Answer 97

hmg-coa reductase inhibitor - uptakes regulation of LDL = decreased serum LDL LDL-lowering dosed in AM (short 1/2 life)

Answer 98

cholesterol absorption inhibitor - inhibits intestinal absorption of dietary & biliary cholesterol LDL-lowering

Answer 99

bile acid sequestrant - conversion of bile --> cholesterol = increase LDL receptor synthesis --> decrease plasma LDL LDL-lowering

Answer 100

bile acid sequestrant - conversion of bile --> cholesterol = increase LDL receptor synthesis --> decrease plasma LDL LDL- lowering

Answer 101

bile acid sequestrant - conversion of bile --> cholesterol = increase LDL receptor synthesis --> decrease plasma LDL LDL-lowering

Answer 102

PCSK9 inhibitor - prevents PCSK9 from binding to LDL receptors = increased hepatic uptake of LDL-C LDL- lowering (for familial hypercholesterolemia)

Answer 103

PCSK9 inhibitor - prevents PCSK9 from binding to LDL receptors = increased hepatic uptake of LDL-C LDL- lowering (for familial hypercholesterolemia)

Answer 104

inhibits synthesis and conversion of VLDL --> LDL | targets HDL & TG

Answer 105

Ppar-a agonist - regulates gene that control lipid & glucose metabolism, inflammation, endothelial function targets TG, *also for gout prevention

Answer 106

Ppar-a agonist - regulates gene that control lipid & glucose metabolism, inflammation, endothelial function targets TG

Answer 107

Ppar-a agonist - regulates gene that control lipid & glucose metabolism, inflammation, endothelial function targets TG

Answer 108

reduces hepatic TG production and increases TG clearance

Answer 109

``` irreversibly acetylates COX = decreased platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction = irreversible platelet effect TIA/CVA/AMI prophylaxis (1* and 2*) ACS (DAPT) DVT prophylaxis analgesia ```

Answer 110

ADP receptor inhibitor (thienopyridine) - prodrug though CYP2C19 (activated in liver) - *irreversibly* blocks P2Y12 component of ADP receptors

Answer 111

ADP receptor inhibitor (thienopyridine) - prodrug that is less dependent on CYP system -*irreversible platelet effect*

Answer 112

ADP receptor inhibitor (non-thienopyridine) | same as clopidogrel/prasugrel but *reversible*

Answer 113

ADP receptor inhibitor (non-thienopyridine) | same as clopidogrel/prasugrel but *reversible*

Answer 114

antagonizes VKORC1 - inhibits carboxylation of vit K factors (II, VII, IX, X) and anticoagulant factors (C&S) AF with CAD, valvular AF, prosthetic valve AF prevention and treatment of VTE

Answer 115

indirect thrombin inhibitor systemic anticoagulation DVT prophylaxis anticoag for ECMO

Answer 116

oral factor Xa inhibitors (NOAC/DOAC) VTE prevention in THA/TKA non-valvular AFIB prevention/tx of VTE

Answer 117

oral factor Xa inhibitors (NOAC/DOAC) VTE prevention in THA/TKA non-valvular AFIB prevention/tx of VTE

Answer 118

oral factor Xa inhibitors (NOAC/DOAC) VTE prevention in THA/TKA non-valvular AFIB prevention/tx of VTE

Answer 119

oral factor Xa inhibitors (NOAC/DOAC) VTE prevention in THA/TKA non-valvular AFIB prevention/tx of VTE

Answer 120

LMWH - anti-thrombin mediated inhibition of Xa>IIa VTE prevention in hip/knee surgery, abd sx, medical patients VTE treatment ACS

Answer 121

LMWH - anti-thrombin mediated inhibition of Xa>IIa VTE prevention in hip/knee surgery, abd sx, medical patients VTE treatment ACS

Answer 122

reverses warfarin

Answer 123

reverses UFH & LMWH

Answer 124

reverses oral factor Xa inhibitors

Answer 125

reverses Direct thrombin inhibitors

Answer 126

factor Xa inhibitor VTE prophylaxis for hip/knee, abd surgery VTE treatment

Answer 127

direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) VTE prevention for TKA/THA non-valvular AFIB VTE treatment

Answer 128

direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) | HIT

Answer 129

direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) | DVT prophylaxis during THA

Answer 130

direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) | ACS pts managed with PCI, pts with or at risk for HIT/HITTS undergoing PCI

Answer 131

fibrinolytic (thrombolytics) - binds to fibrin in a thrombus & converts entrapped plasminogen to plasmin STEMI, acute PE, acute ischemic stroke, central venous catheter clearance, acute peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Answer 132

fibrinolytic (thrombolytics) - binds to fibrin in a thrombus & converts entrapped plasminogen to plasmin longer 1/2 life than tpa STEMI (only)

Answer 133

Class IA anti-arrhythmic - modulate Na channels

Answer 134

Class IA anti-arrhythmic - modulate Na channels

Answer 135

Class IA anti-arrhythmic - modulate Na channels

Answer 136

Class IB anti-arrhythmic - modulate Na channels

Answer 137

Class IB anti-arrhythmic - modulate Na channels

Answer 138

Class IC anti-arrhythmic - modulate Na channels

Answer 139

Class IC anti-arrhythmic - modulate Na channels

Answer 140

Class III anti-arrhythmic - block K+ channels

Answer 141

Class III anti-arrhythmic - block K+ channels

Answer 142

Class III anti-arrhythmic - block K+ channels

Answer 143

Class III anti-arrhythmic - block K+ channels life-threatening or hemodynamically unstable VT unlabeled: recurrent AF, AF prophylaxis following open heart surgery

Answer 144

Class III anti-arrhythmic - block K+ channels | A-FIB/a-flutter

Answer 145

advanced systolic HF: blocks Na/K --> increases intracell Ca --> increase contractility (last line!) 2nd line for AF in HF patients --> increase vagal tone, decrease conduction through SA/AV node

Answer 146

anti IgE antibody | asthma

Answer 147

il-5 antibody | asthma

Answer 148

il-5 antibody | asthma

Answer 149

il-5 antibody | asthma

Answer 150

il-4 antibody | asthma