Exam 3 Flashcards
Mand
An elementary verbal operant that is evoked by an MO and followed by specific SR
Tact
under the control of a nonverbal SD (any sensory modality)
and maintained by gen SR.
Echoic
under control of a verbal SD
formal similarity
point-to-point correspondence
maintained by gen SR.
Intraverbal
under the control of a verbal SD
no point-to-point correspondence
maintained by gen SR
Textual
controlled by verbal (written) stimulus
point-to-point correspondence
no formal similarity
gen SR.
Transcription
motor behavior controlled by verbal (auditory) stimulus
point-to-point correspondance
no formal similarity
maintained by gen SR.
4 ways that an individual is taught to tact
- Public accompaniment
- collateral responses
- Common properties
- Response reduction
Public accompaniment
Occurs when an observable S accompanies a private S
Collateral Responses
Observable Bxs that reliably occur with the private S
Common Properties
Speaker learns to tact temporal, geometrical, or descriptive properties of objects and then generalize those tact relations to private S
Response Reduction
Kinesthetic S arising from the movement and positions can acquire control over the verbal responses
Autoclitics
A secondary verbal operant in which some aspect of a speaker’s own verbal behavior functions as an SD or an MO for additional speaker verbal Bx. The autoclitic relation can thought of as VB about VB.
Secondary verbal operant that qualifies other verbal Bx in order to allow the listener to respond more appropriately
How does the use of autoclitics allow the listener to respond more effectively?
Skinner, 1957: “An autoclitic affects the listener by indicating either a property of the speaker’s Bx or the circumstances responsible for that property”
How to train mands
- use preferred items/activities
- present nonverbal SD related to the EO
- provide the echoic prompt
- fade the echoic prompt and the presence of the SD to ensure the EO is really what is controlling the behavior
Initial strategy of tact training
Present an echoic prompt in the presence of nonverbal SD, then fade the echoic prompt