16-17 Flashcards

Antecedent Variables

1
Q

Motivating Operation

A

An environmental variable that
(a) alters the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of some S, object, or event and
(b) alters the current f of all behavior that has been reinforced or punished by that S, object or event.
Ex: being hungry, being satisfied

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2
Q

2 main effects of MOs

A

Evocative effect and abative effect

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3
Q

Describe methods of transferring stimulus from prompts to “instructional” (or other “naturally-occurring”) stimuli

A
  • Most-to-least prompts: physical guidance to visual prompts to verbal instructions to natural stim
  • Graduated guidance-fading physical prompts by moving hands away from participant
  • Least-to-most prompts-ex instructions, non-specific verbal prompts, modeling, and then physical prompting
  • Time delay-waiting to provide a stimulus

Includes stimulus control shaping?
Stimulus and stim shape transformations

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4
Q

SD

A

Discriminative Stimulus-S in the presence of which responses of some type have been reinforced and the the absence of which the same type of responses have occured and not been reinforced

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5
Q

How is an SD established?

A

History of differential reinforcement; organism receives Sr in presence

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6
Q

S-delta

A

A S in the presence of which a given R has not produced reinforcement in the past

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7
Q

Stimulus equivalence

A

The emergence of accurate responding to untrained and nonreinforced S-S relations following the reinforcement of R to some S-S relations

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8
Q

3 tests for stimulus equivalence

A
  • Reflexivity- occurs when in the absence of training and Sr a response will select a S that is matched to itself
  • Symmetry-occurs with the reversibility of the sample stimulus and comparison stimulus
  • Transitivity-a derived (untrained) S-S relation that emerges as a product of training two other S-S relations
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9
Q

Stim Discrimination

A

Needed in concept formation to tell the difference between classes of stim. (Stim Gen is needed within the class)

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10
Q

Stim Generalization

A

When an antecedent stim has a history of evoking a response that has been reinforced in its presence, the same type of behavior tends to be evoked by S that share similar physical properties with the controlling antecedent stim.
Needed in concept formation within classes of stim. (Stim discrim is needed between the classes)

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11
Q

What are some important pre-rec skills before you can establish stimulus control over a given behavior?

A

Looking at instructional materials, looking at teacher when a response is modeled, listening to oral instructions, and sitting quietly for short periods of time

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