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Psy 101 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Stress

A

Unpleasant reaction to an event perceived as challenging

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2
Q

Fight-or-Flight Response

A

if you don’t know what this is then why are you in this class

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3
Q

Stressor

A

What YOU perceive as challenging

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4
Q

Primary vs. Secondary Appraisal

A

The way you evaluate things
primary - determining how stressful
secondary - how compatible you are with dealing with it

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5
Q

Health Psychology

A

Study of health, illness, and healthcare

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6
Q

General Adaption Syndrome

A

An understanding of the way bodies adapt to stress

Alarm > resistance > exhaustion

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7
Q

Psychological Illnesses

A

Affect mood, thinking, and behavior

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8
Q

Personality types

A

A - hostile, competitive, high drive
B - Easy, relaxed, never angry
C - Low expression, agreeable, helpless
D - Highly negative, depression (etc), never opens

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9
Q

PTSD, acute stress disorder

A

Lasts at least a month afterward

Acute; days and weeks after

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10
Q

Problem-focused vs. Emotion-focused coping

A

How to deal with stress

changing the stressor vs. changing the emotional reaction

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11
Q

Hardiness

A

Behaviors that reflect resilience

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12
Q

Optimism

A

An attitude toward the future, hope, and expectation of a positive outcome

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13
Q

Personality

A

A distinctive way of thinking, feeling, and acting

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14
Q

Sigmund Freud on Personality

A

He said it developed during childhood, and that the Id is the only thing present at birth

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15
Q

Freudian Slip

A

Mistakes revealing unconscious thoughts

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16
Q

Id, Ego, and Super Ego

A

Id - pleasure principle, instant gratification
Ego - reality, delayed gratification
Super Ego - moral principle, denial of gratification, tries to balance ego and id

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17
Q

Defense mechanisms

A

Repression - Hides Id
Denial - Blocks out events
Displacement - Putting the Id impulse on a different target
Sublimation - Using your Id impulse to benefit others

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18
Q

Psychosexual Stages of Development

A

Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital

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19
Q

Fixation

A

Lingering Psychological problems due to an unsuccessful stage of development

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20
Q

Oedipus and Electra Complexes

A

Wanting to be close with the parent of the opposite gender and then failing so you resort to your own gender p much

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21
Q

Carl Rodgers and the Humanistic Theory of Personality

A

Inherent tendencies go toward happy and healthy goals,, self-actualization

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22
Q

Positive regard and Conditions of Worth

A

Positive regard - love, acceptance, prizing

Conditions of worth - requirements to obtain positive regard (maybe harmful)

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23
Q

Real vs. Ideal self

A

How you are vs. what you want to be (self-actualized)

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24
Q

Self-concept

A

View of yourself

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25
Incongruence vs. Congruence
When you real and ideal self don't match and cause mental issues vs. when they do
26
Reciprocal Determinism
Three factors that all influence each other
27
Five-factor model
Neuroticism, extraversion, conceitedness, agreeableness, openness to experience
28
Objective Personality test vs. MMPI-2
Standardized questions vs. focusing on mental disorders
29
Social Psychology and Social Cognition
How people think and interact,, how people think about each other
30
Attribution, theory and error
Explanation of the cause of the behavior is caused by personal traits or the situation error, overestimating the significance of traits and underestimating the situation
31
Attitude
Viewpoint, thoughts and emotions, that influence how you think Actions predict attitudes
32
Cognitive Dissonance
Discomfort from having one attitude that contradicts another
33
Solomon Asch and Conformity and Obedience
changes in behavior to match the group | changes in behavior to please authority
34
Social Facilitation, loafing, and dediviatation
- Increase of performance when others around - the decrease in performance when other people are around - loss of identity when working in groups that leads to atypical behavior
35
Groupthink
groups that value getting along over finding the best answer
36
Prejudice, stereotype, discrimination
- Negative attitude at group after knowing group members - the applied generalization to group - action based on the above
37
Ingroup vs. Outgroup
The "us" vs. the "them"
38
Aggression
Behavior intended to cause any form of harm
39
Attraction: Proximity and mere exposure, physical attractiveness, similarity, reciprocal liking
Proximity - physical closeness causes emotional closeness physical attractiveness - men and women looking for the different things similarity - opposites don't attract, more like birds of a feather flock together reciprocal liking - the act of a person feeling an attraction to someone only upon learning or becoming aware of that person's attraction to themselves
40
Altruism
Complete selflessness for others
41
Bystander effect and Diffusion of Responsibility
Bystander - less likely to help if other people were there\ | Diffusion - less likely to help if more better-equiped people are there
42
Psychological Disorder
A pattern of behavior that causes distress and dysfunction
43
Medical Student Syndrome
Thinking you have the disease you're reading about
44
What makes something abnormal?
How infrequent how much it deviates from social norms personal distress impairment from daily function
45
Theories of Abnormality
Biological - genes Psychological - emotions, thoughts, behaviors** Sociocultural - social factors Biophsycological - combines them all
46
Anxiety Disorders (4)
General (GAD) - general anxiety everywhere panic - sudden unpredictable bursts specific phobia - fear of one thing social - fear of some cases of being judged
47
OCD
Unwanted repetitive thoughts and uncontrollable actions in response
48
Major Depressive Disorder
Lasts at least two weeks
49
Bipolar disorder
the fluctuation between depression and mania
50
Eating Disorders
***
51
Schizophrenia
Bizzare disturbances in thinking and acting
52
Flat Effect
Lacking correct emotions
53
ADHD
hyperactivity and attention issues
54
Autism spectrum
Rigid behavior and social deficits
55
Dissociative Disorders
loses awareness of the essential parts of self diss. identity (did) - two or more personalities diss, amnesia - unable to recall important info diss. fugue - unexplained travel
56
Personality Disorders
Patterns of inflexible behavior Borderline - instability in life and relationships Antisocial - disregard for other peoples rights
57
Psychotherapy
Professionals helping people get over psychological disorders
58
Psychodynamic theory (4)
Psychoanalysis - where the main goal is to make the unconscious conscious Free association - the technique by saying whatever comes to mind without censoring Dream analysis - attempting to find meaning in dream restiance- blocking awareness of anxiety-provoking topics
59
Transference
Projecting what you've learned in the past with people onto your therapist
60
Person-Centered Therapy (Carl Rodgers)
The tendency of a person to strive for self-actualization positive regard - praise genuineness - the realness of the therapist
61
Behavior Therapy
Application of operant and classical conditioning | uses exposure therapy
62
Cognitive Therapy
Changing the way you think about life events
63
Cognitive Distortions
irrational thinking all-or-nothing - all good or all bad overgeneralization catastrophizing
64
Cognitive-Behavior Therapy
uses logical thinking and conditioning to change behavior
65
Eclectic Approach to Therapy
selecting the best treatment based on studies and past cases
66
Integrative approach to Therapy
blending styles and techniques
67
Group Therapy - Self Help groups
based on group interaction vs. led without a professional
68
Evidence-Based Practice
The therapist makes choices based on three factors research evidence therapist expertise client characteristics
69
Theapractric Alliance
a trusting and working relationship between therapist and client
70
Biomedical Therapy
Directly altering the brain
71
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
When an electric current is passed through the brain
72
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
For depression; a weak electric current passes through the head

Psy 101 (4 decks)

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