Exam 3

Question 1

Gregor Mendel

Answer 1

father of modern genetics, pea plant

Question 2

7 characteristics of the pea plant that were studied in menders experiment

Answer 2

1. height
2. pod color
3. pod shape
4. SEED COLOR
5. SEED. SHAPE
6. flower position
7. FLOWER COLOR

Question 3

advantages of the pea plant study

Answer 3

1. pea plants have distinct heritable characters (flower color: purple v white, pod shape: round v wrinkled)
2. mating can be controlled
3. cross pollination
4. capable of true breeding

Question 4

cross pollination

Answer 4

fertilization between two plants

Question 5

true-breeding

Answer 5

plants that produced offspring of the same variety when they self pollinate

Question 6

hybrid

Answer 6

offspring that receives 2 traits, 1 from each parent for ever trait

Question 7

character

Answer 7

color, shape etc

Question 8

self pollination

Answer 8

technique used to produce offspring from the male and female reproductive parts of the same plant (one plants acts as both male and female parts)

Question 9

mendels experiment

Answer 9

1. mated 2 true-breeding varieties (P generation)
2. resulting off spring was a hybrid
3. analyzed hybrids
4. all hybrid in generation F1 were purple and none were white
5. used F1 gen to self pollinate and produce generation F2
6. white flowers now reappeared
7. purple to white ratio is 3:1

(think of how punnet squares work)

Question 10

recessive

Answer 10

the trait masked by another trait (white flower)

Question 11

dominant

Answer 11

trait that masks other traits

Question 12

alleles

Answer 12

alternative versions of genes

example: purple and white verses flower color

Question 13

each _____ resides at a specific locus on a specific chromosome

Answer 13

gene

Question 14

phenotype

Answer 14

organisms appearance

example color of flower

Question 15

homozygous

Answer 15

organism w 2 identical alleles

Question 16

heterozygous

Answer 16

organism w 2 different alleles for a gene

Question 17

genotype

Answer 17

genetic makeup

example Pp, PP, pp

Question 18

monohybrid

Answer 18

hybrid offspring produced from a cross between the true breeding parent for only 1 character (pod shape)

Question 19

dihybrid

Answer 19

hybrid produced for two characters (pod shape and color)