Exam 3

Question 1

Swine beginnings in US

Answer 1

Columbus in 1493

DeSoto in 1539

Question 2

2 big swine processing plants 1800 and why decentralize

Answer 2

Cincinnati and Chicago

-companies have own processing plants

Question 3

US pork rankings

Answer 3

1st in exports
3rd largest producer
5th larges importer

Question 4

Why NC large pork producer?

Answer 4

NC legislation make swine farming appealing

Question 5

swine birth weight

Answer 5

3-4 lbs

Question 6

swine farrow to wean

Answer 6

21 days 10-15 lbs

35-50 lbs feeder pigs in nursery

Question 7

swine continuous flow systems

Answer 7

mixing groups moving them to different buildings

Question 8

swine All-in All-out

Answer 8

keep same group of swine together from birth to finish so not to intro new diseases

Question 9

swine phase feeding

Answer 9

having multiple diet formulations optimized for each phase of growth

Question 10

swine split-sex feeding

Answer 10

feeding gilts different from barrows to optimize growth

Question 11

swine performance goals

Answer 11

• less than 2% mortality
• pigs weaned 8-9+
• age at 250 lb less than 180 days

Question 12

swine big difference between small and large farms litter size

Answer 12

big farm better genetics and 24hr care

Question 13

swine low investment operations

Answer 13

pasture systems

feeding out feeder pigs

Question 14

swine high investment operations

Answer 14

farrow to finish operations

Question 15

AI in swine industry

Answer 15

use AI, have sire farms no frozen

Question 16

swine white breeds

Answer 16

yorkshire, landrace, chester white

Question 17

swine sire breeds

Answer 17

hampshire, Durroc, spotted, poland

Question 18

terminal cross

Answer 18

crossbreeding of breeds for traits

Question 19

largest swine producers

Answer 19

Smithfield/ Murphy Farms

Question 20

aquaculture

Answer 20

farming of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscus, crustaceans, and aquatic plants

Question 21

types of aquaculture

Answer 21

food fish
baitfish
ornamental fish
sport fish
fee fishing

Question 22

baitfish species

Answer 22

fathead minnows

golden shiners

Question 23

pond stocking

Answer 23

channel catfish
bluegill
trout

Question 24

ornamental species

Answer 24

goldfish, angelfish, guppies

Question 25

fish efficiency converting food into meat

Answer 25

1.5 lb feed = 1 lb fish meat

Question 26

why catfish in south and trout in Idaho?

Answer 26

catfish need warm water and trout need called water

Question 27

stages of fish growth

Answer 27

• securing and spawning
• hatching of eggs
• growing fry to produce fingerlings
• stocking and grow out of fingerlings to marketable size

Question 28

different types fish farms

Answer 28

• ponds
• cages and pens
• raceways
• water re-use systems

Question 29

RAS

Answer 29

Recirculating Aquaculture System

Question 30

why have biological filtration

Answer 30

to air rate the water

Question 31

what do bacteria remove from system

Answer 31

carbon dioxide

Question 32

animal breeding definition

Answer 32

selescting sires and dams assigning them to matings and producing offsprings

Question 33

successful definition

Answer 33

consistently producing animals that are desired by the market place at a cost lower than their competition

Question 34

animal breeding= domestication?

Answer 34

no

Question 35

generations before cross= breed purity

Answer 35

3 generations = 7/8 purebred

Question 36

decrease or increase homozygous

Answer 36

want to increase in breeding for more predictable right

Question 37

hybrid vigor

Answer 37

cross between 2 breeds that allows the offspring to have qualities superior to their parents

Question 38

different breeding methods

Answer 38

crossbreeding, random breeding, inbreeding, out breeding

Question 39

crossbreeding

Answer 39

obtaining dominant, exploit hybrid vigor

Question 40

random breeding

Answer 40

less labor and maintenance

Question 41

inbreeding

Answer 41

increase homozygous genetic pairs, increase uniformity