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Animal Sciences 102 > exam 2 > Flashcards

exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

new world ruminants

A

alpacas, llama, Vicuna

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2
Q

buck

A

male goat or sheep

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3
Q

doe

A

female goat

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4
Q

herd

A

group of goats

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5
Q

kid

A

a young goat

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6
Q

kidding

A

act of birthing in a goat

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7
Q

nanny

A

female goat

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8
Q

weather

A

castrated male goat

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9
Q

ewe

A

female sheep

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10
Q

flock

A

a group of sheep

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11
Q

lamb

A

a sheep less than 12 mo of age

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12
Q

lambing

A

act of parturition in a sheep

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13
Q

ram

A

male sheep

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14
Q

weather

A

male sheep castrated before sexual maturity

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15
Q

feeding behavior

A

goats: browse sheep: graze

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16
Q

social

A

goats: independent sheep: dependent

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17
Q

tails

A

goats: erect sheep: down

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18
Q

fighting

A

goats: rear/butt sheep: charge/butt

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19
Q

danger

A

goat: fight sheep: flight

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20
Q

goat uses

A

milk meat fiber work forge control pets

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21
Q

sheep uses

A

meat wool

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22
Q

goats around the world

A

developing countries, asia and africa

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23
Q

goat meat

A

low calories, fat, and cholesterol

high in iron

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24
Q

goat milk

A

high protein, fat, and minerals

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25
Q

goats vs cows

A

????

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26
Q

goat milk breeds

A

Alpine, Saanen, Nubian, La Mancha (California) no ears

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27
Q

goat meat breeds

A

Boer, kiko, spanish-feral mix

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28
Q

decline sheep farms

A

low consumption
low wool prices
lack suitable labor
insufficient slaughter/ market

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29
Q

Raising sheep pros

A

low initial cost
limited equip. needed
low labor required
good use of crop residue

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30
Q

raising sheep cons

A 
predators
disease and parasites
land competition
lack market/ consumption
low wool price
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31
Q

sheep breeding

A

short day breeders; once a year

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32
Q

accelerated lambing

A

3 lambs in 2 years

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33
Q

sheep weight sold

A

sold at 60-70, 125 harvested

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34
Q

special meat cases

A

40-60 lbs for specialty markets

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35
Q

production goals

A

high conception rate
high lambing
low lamb mortality
longevity of breeding stock

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36
Q

paternal sheep breeds

A

good growth rate and carcass quality

hampshire and suffolk

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37
Q

maternal sheep breeds

A

good wool, white face, highly reproductive and milk ability

merino and rambouillet

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38
Q

sheep wool breeds

A

merino, rambouillet

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39
Q

sheep meat breeds

A

hampshire, suffolk, dorset

40
Q

sheep hair breeds

A

american blackbelly, dorper, st. Croix

41
Q

wild

A

not domesticated

42
Q

domesticated

A

under control by humans

43
Q

feral

A

formerly domesticated

44
Q

species

A

members can mate and produce fertile offspring

45
Q

applied animal ethologists

A

study animal behavior with goal of improving animal management

46
Q

instinct

A

behavior animal exhibits in absence of any opportunity to learn them (hardwired)

47
Q

domestication

A

species under control and improving it through selection, mating and handling

48
Q

human advantage to symiosis

A

more useful
more productive
easier to manage

49
Q

animal advantage to symbosis

A

protection form predators, competitors and diseases
increase pop
increase range

50
Q

animal ethologist

A

studies and observes animal behavior in natural habitats

51
Q

domestication example

A

salmon; domesticated reduced anti-predator response

divergnce between fast and slow growing strains

52
Q

horses released to state parks

A

lost wild instincts= death by starvation unable to survive

53
Q

???

A

famous animal ethologist

54
Q

stereotypies

A

coping or abnormal behaviors

55
Q

Purdue animal well being resources

A

Center of the Human-Animal bond
animal behavior clinic
center for animal behavior and welfare

56
Q

Animal rightists

A
  • deals with philosophy as applied to animals

- no use of animals at all

57
Q

Animal welfarists

A

concerned with treatment and well-being of animals; not opposed to use for human needs

58
Q

new animal ethics

A

British Brambell Commission in 1965

59
Q

animal rights groups america

A

PETA & HSUS

60
Q

Societal concerns of animal welfare

A

lack movement
lack socialization
cruelty, animal suffering

61
Q

Federal Humane Slaughter Act of 1958

A

animal must be unconscious then ensured death

62
Q

exstanguination

A

bleeding to death (ensure death)

63
Q

Horse Protection Act 1970

A

Tennessee walking horse, stop show horses from being sored to step higher

64
Q

five freedoms by farm animal welfare council

A 
freedom from hunger and thirst
freedom form discomfort
pain injury or disease
to express normal behavior
from fear and distress
65
Q

BOAH

A

Board of Animal Health

66
Q

PACUC

A

Purdue Animal Care and Use Committee

67
Q

laboratory animals

A

any animal used in scientific research, testing or teaching to gain knowledge about diseases, production or prevention

68
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

father of genetics

simple genetic crosses usig pea plants

69
Q

watson and crick

A

discover dna

70
Q

miescher

A

discover nuclei high in phosphorous levels (not recognized for 50 yrs)

71
Q

levene

A

1919 propose nucleic acids composed of nucleotides containing nitrogen bases a sugar and a phosphate group

72
Q

genome

A

entire genetic material of orgaism

73
Q

chromosome

A

units of organized dna inside nucleus

74
Q

gene

A

units of dna that are transcribed on a chromosome smallest unit of inheritance

75
Q

allele

A

alternate form of the same gene

76
Q

genotype

A

genetic make up of individual

77
Q

phenotype

A

appearance of animal

78
Q

epigenetics

A

external modification of dna that turns on and off genes

79
Q

replication

A

process by which units produce replicas of themselves

80
Q

transcription

A

info copied and transported to an appropriate plaace for translation

81
Q

translation

A

process by which proteins are formed

82
Q

messenger rna

A

rna form of dna sequence

83
Q

transfer rna

A

recognizes mrna codons

84
Q

ribosomal rna

A

assembly area for translation

85
Q

caprine karyotype

A

all acrocentric

86
Q

ovine karyotype

A

3 pair metacentric,, fusion of acrocentrics to form metacentrics

87
Q

epistatic genes

A

ability to mask the expression of another gene

88
Q

inbreeding

A

good to get rid of or show certain characteristics in animals

89
Q

origional zoo purpose and focus

A

focus on entertainment of people not welfare of animals

90
Q

change in zoos 1970s

A

environmental movement drove focus on natural habitats and convservation

91
Q

Columbian Park zoo

A

founded 1908, free to public

92
Q

4 pillars of the zoo mission

A

conservation education recreation and research

93
Q

AZA

A 
association of zoos and aquariums; 
accredidation for zoos and aquariums
collective population management strategies
lobbying fro govt regulations
est science based practices
94
Q

zoo population management

A

maintain sustainable genetically diverse captive population to meet exhibitory needs and conservation goals

95
Q

SSP

A

green: sustainable 100+ yrs
yellow: not sustianable 100 y and not genetically diverse
red: fewwer than 50 specimens cannot meet demographic sustainability

96
Q

Marius dilemma

A

giraffe killed because not genetically diverse and took up unnecessary space (Europe)

Animal Sciences 102 (4 decks)

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