Exam #3 Flashcards
How do ancestral feeding regimens relate to the current feeding regimens of dogs and cats?
Wolves in the wild more often will eat large meals and hunt/eat in a pack. This displays in dog behavior due to their social eating tendencies and their ability to eat more food at a meal. Dogs may also guard resources and hide toys and bones as another form of behavior displayed in wolves.
The African Wild Cat, much like other wild species of cats hunts alone and will eat periodically thought the day. This is displayed in cats due to their low desire for social feeding and better controlled free-choice feeding.
Adding water to dry food just before serving can decrease the rate of eating in dogs.
True
Free-choice feeding could decrease or eliminate noise during feeding times in shelters.
True
Which is the most used feeding regimen?
Portion-controlled meal feeding
Free-choice feeding could be beneficial for all the following animals except?
A cat who cannot self-regulate food intake
Time-controlled meal feeding can result in a “beat the clock” mentality in pets.
True
Which type of feeding regimen is the least amount of work for the owner?
Free-choice feeding
The owner has greatest control using which feeding regimen?
Portion-controlled meal feeding
Which dietary component has the greatest affect on growth rate?
Energy
Small and toy breed dogs have higher energy requirements per unit of body weight compared to large and giant breed dogs.
True
Most calcium is absorbed into the body with passive diffusion until 6 months of age.
True
What is the nutritional recommendation of protein for large and giant breed puppies?
26-28%
Large and giant breed puppies should be fed high levels of calcium.
False
What is the optimal protein level in diets for kittens?
30-36%
What is the nutritional recommendation of calcium for kittens?
1%
DHA is not an essential fatty acid for puppies and kittens.
False
Diets fed to puppies should promote maximal growth rates.
False
Basal metabolic rate slows with aging.
True
The ability to digest which nutrient is most impacted in older cats?
Fat
Why is it important that geriatric dogs maintain body protein reserves? How can we maintain these reserves?
These protein reserves will act as a buffer when the older animals body is under stress. Since geriatric dogs are more likely to experience health problems, it is important to be sure the body can stay as healthy as possible. This can possibly be supported by feeding an older dog a higher protein diet to support this concept. > 18-24%
At what age are pets at highest risk for obesity?
7-9 years
Dietary protein does not cause or contribute to renal disease in geriatric pets.
True
Geriatric pets have decreased ability to desaturate essential fatty acids.
True
Explain why antioxidant dose is important.
Antioxidants may help both growing and geriatric pets. Their are specific levels of dosage that have been seen to have improving qualities, however, antioxidant dose is important because at some point the dosage does not help or change outcome if it is too high.
You would need to be careful regarding unbalancing a diet or creating deficiencies/toxicity in the pet.
It is safe for cats to consume supplements with dl-alpha-lipoic acid.
False
Describe why the following statement is a myth: “Dogs and cats can survive on an all-meat diet.”
Unlike wild animals, dogs and cats when consuming an all meat diet in a household is not getting the vitamins and minerals they need from the meat. Only meat being fed is not a complete nutrient source therefore cannot satisfy the needs of the animal.
Wild animals consume the whole prey including bones, and organs which will have the vitamins and minerals they need a long with the digestive tract contents.
Describe why the following statement is a myth: “Tuna is safe to feed cats.”
Tuna is often packaged in an oil which can increase the risk of pancratitis. (I do not remember how to spell this word… It is NOT pancreatitis)
This excess oil is then a fat source being added to the cats diet which then unbalances the diet. This causes the fat of the cat to turn brown/yellow and can be put in remission with proper care.
Excess in fish also increases the Vitamin E requirement which should be taken into consideration.
Describe why the following statement is a myth: “Raw fish is safe to feed to dogs and cats.”
Raw fish such as carp and herring contains Thiaminase which destroys thiamine in the animals body.
Thiamine deficiency will then occur which can lead to severe physical and neurological problems. Generally if caught in time you are able to reverse effects, however some neurological issues may remain if the animal was deficient for a long period of time.
Describe why the following statement is a myth: “There is no concern giving cats milk.”
Milk contains lactose which is a simple sugar, lactase is needed to process it. Cats loose the ability to fully digest this sugar as they get older which. Undigested lactose will leave the cats with the risk of gastric upset and diarrhea.
How do ancestorial feeding
regimens relate to the current
feeding regimens of dogs and
cats.
Ancestors = wolf and African wild cat
Feeding a ________ palatable
food can decrease the rate of
eating in dogs.
Less
Feeding ________ kibble pieces
can slow the rate of eating in
dogs.
Larger
Which is more commonly
associated with free-choice
feeding?
Overconsumption
Free-choice feeding in a kennel
setting could decrease
coprophagy.
True
Free-choice feeding could be
beneficial for all the following
animals except?
A. “Poor keepers”
B. An agility dog
C. A cat who cannot self-regulate food intake
D. A dog with a history of gastric dilatation
A cat who cannot self-regulate food intake
Most rapid growth occurs
during the first 3-6 months of
life.
True
Energy is the most important
dietary component that affects
growth rate.
True
Active Ca absorption mechanisms are not fully mature until 6 months of age.
True
It is recommended to feed large
and giant breed puppies high
levels of Ca.
False
Dietary protein does not negatively affect growth rate or skeletal development by itself.
True
What is the nutritional
recommendation of protein for
large and giant breed dogs?
26-28%
What is the nutritional
recommendation of calcium for
large and giant breed dogs?
0.8-0.9%
Small and toy breed dogs have
higher energy requirements per
unit of body weight compared
to large and giant breed dogs.
True
At what age do energy
requirements not have to be
adjusted for small and medium
breed dogs?
10-12 months
What is the optimal protein level
in diets for kittens?
30-36%
What is the nutritional
recommendation of calcium for
kittens?
1%
Dietary Ca and P supplements
should be added to a balanced,
complete food that has been
formulated for growing dogs or
cats.
False
DHA is an essential fatty acid
for puppies and kittens.
True
Diets fed to puppies should
promote maximal growth rates.
False
Giant dog breeds are
considered geriatric at an older
age compared to small dog
breeds
False
Basal metabolic rate slows with
aging.
True
The ability to digest which
nutrient is most impacted in
older cats?
Fat
What is the minimum protein
requirement for geriatric dogs?
16-24%
Dietary protein does not cause
or contribute to renal disease in
geriatric pets.
True
Geriatric pets have decreased
ability to desaturate essential
fatty acids.
True
Supplementation of
antioxidants may support the
immune system in both growing
and geriatric pets.
True
It is safe for dogs and cats to
consume supplements with dl-
alpha-lipoic acid.
False
