Exam 3 Flashcards
In terms of diet selection, sheep are most similar to which livestock animal
Cattle
What nutritional factor is most commonly limiting for sheep
Energy
Define what flushing is (in the context of animal nutrition)
Practice of giving an energy supplement before breeding
Name 2 critical periods in which sheep require energy supplementation
Late gestation, early lactation
What is the body condition score range for sheep
1-5
What is the ideal body condition score for sheep at the time of breeding
3.5
Name a mineral supplement that can be given to prevent grass tetany
Magnesium supplement
What dietary ratio of calcium to phosphorus is recommended to prevent urinary calculi
3:1
What mineral is known to cause toxicity problems in sheep
Copper
In terms of feeding behavior, goats are most similar to which animal?
Deer
Metabolic disorder that can occur during the transition period
Milk fever
What sound will be heard from a stethoscope in a cow with displaced abomasum
“Ping” sound
Cows with milk fever are suffering from which mineral deficiency
Calcium
What does “DCAD” stand for
Dietary Cation Anion Difference
What type of DCAD diets help prevent milk fever
Negative
Calculate the DCAD for a TMR given the below information on the TMR contents:
%Na x Conversion Factor
DCAD= Na + K - S - Cl
If answer is negative, it will prevent milk fever
Is it a good idea to feed horses by volume with a coffee can without weighing
No
Why is it a good idea to feed horses forage prior to feeding grain
Slows down digestion
How are energy requirements expressed in horses
Mcal of DE
What is the ideal body condition score fro breeding mares?
7
A person who uses their horse for rodeo should provide how much energy above maintenance
%50
What is a common cause of vitamin toxicity in horses
Overfeeding grain
Which stage of life in goats has the greatest nutrient requirements
lactation
Metabolic disorders that is associated with obese female goats
Ketosis
What can be done with female goats that are to thin before breeding
Flushing
How is flushing accomplished with goats
Feed 1lb of a cereal grain a day until desired weight
When can female goats be bred
6-9 months of age
How can bucks meet their nutrient requirements
Low-medium quality forage
What is the ideal body condition score for male goats at the time of breeding
2.5-4
What age are kids typically weaned
2-3 months old
How do old fashioned dairy cattle farms in states like Wisconsin feed their dairy cows
Graze pasture
What is a total mixed ration (TMR)
Modern day dairies use this to calculate a diet for their cow
Benefits of feeding TMR
Nutritionally balanced, prevents sorting behavior
1 ingredient that can provide dairy cows energy
Corn
Name 1 ingredient that provides protein for dairy cows
Soybean meal
2 vitamins that need to be included in dairy cattle diets
E & A
What is the main mineral of concern for dairy cows
Calcium
What is an easy way for dairy cows to meet most of their mineral requirements
Feeding a mineral & vitamin premix
How can ketosis be treated
oral drenching of propylene glycol
How do newborn dairy calves typically receive their milk
Bottle fed
Why are horses considered “Hindgut Fermenters”
Large intestine is the main site of fermentation
What allows horse to digest forages
Bacteria, fungi, protozoa
Describe how horses are “continuous feeders”
They eat small meals throughout the day
Why do horses sometimes eat their own feces
If they feel nutritional deprived
What term is used to describe abdominal pain in horses
Colic
What is the primary cause of colic
Grain overload
1 factor that can cause impaction
Not enough water intake
How can colic and laminitis be prevented
Exercise
