Exam 1

Question 1

Which carbohydrate fraction is estimated with the nitrogen-free extract procedure?

Answer 1

Highly digestible

Question 2

Calculate the nitrogen-free extract (NFE) content of the dry feed sample below

Nutrient composition a dry feed sample includes:
CP: 12%
EE: 3.5%
CF: 30.2%
Ash: 8.3%

Answer 2

Formula:
NFE= 100 - (ash + fiber + protein + EE)

Answer: 46% NFE

Question 3

What machine is used to measure the total energy content of a sample?

Answer 3

The bomb calorimeter

Question 4

How many kcal of energy is produced from burning 1 gram of lipid?

Answer 4

9

Question 5

How many kcal is produced from burning 1 gram of protein?

Answer 5

4

Question 6

How many kcal of energy is produced from burning 1 gram of carbohydrate?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

What are the 6 nutrients?

Answer 7

Water
Lipids
Protein
VItamins
Minerals
Carbohydrates

Question 8

What is a feed ingredient that has less than 20% crude fiber?

Answer 8

Concentrates

Question 9

What is a feed ingredient that has more than 20% crude fiber?

Answer 9

Forage

Question 10

Give 1 example of a maintenance function

Answer 10

Breathing

Question 11

Give 1 example of a production function

Answer 11

Lactation

Question 12

Which procedure is used to measure water content of feed?

Answer 12

Dry matter procedure

Question 13

Why is dry matter important to consider?

Answer 13

Water content varies among feeds

Question 14

Calculate the % dry matter (DM) of the following feed sample:

Sample weight: 38.8 grams
Sample weight after drying: 27.2 grams

Answer 14

Formula:
DM= Sample weight/sample weight after drying x100

Answer: 70% DM

Question 15

Calculate the water % if a feed sample had 70% DM

Answer 15

Formula:
Water %= 100-DM

Question 16

Name the procedure that measures the lipid (fat) content of feed

Answer 16

Ether Extract

Question 17

If a sample contains 3% nitrogen, how much crude protein (CP) does the sample contain?

Answer 17

Formula:
CP= Nitrogen% x 6.25

Answer: 18.75%

Question 18

Name a dangerous lab procedure used to measure nitrogen content of feed?

Answer 18

Kjeldahl

Question 19

Which procedure measures the total mineral content of feed?

Answer 19

Ash Oven

Question 20

If a dry feed sample weighing 2.3g contains 8% ash, what % of the dry feed sample is organic matter (OM)?

Answer 20

Formula:
OM= 100 - Ash

Answer: 92%OM

Question 21

What does the abbreviation “CF” stand for?

Answer 21

Crude Fiber

Question 22

True or false: “Nutrient composition numbers will always be larger on as-fed basis”

Answer 22

False

DM will always be bigger

Question 23

A sample of Sudan grass was analyzed fro crude protein. The following lab results were reported on a DM basis:

DM: 85%
CP: 9% (DM basis)

What was the % CP on an as-fed basis?

Answer 23

Formula:
CP (AFB)= DM x CP

Answer: 7.7% CP (AFB)

Question 24

A sample of orchard grass was analyzed for crude protein. The following lab results were reported on the as-fed basis:

DM: 91%
CP: 5% (as-fed basis)

What was the % CP on a dry matter basis?

Answer 24

Formula:
CP (DMB)= DM / CP

Answer:
5.5% CP (DMB)

Question 25

A digestion trial was conducted to determine digestibility of a certain feed. The composition of the feed sample and fecal sample on a dry mater basis are shown below. Feed Feces CP 12% 7.1% EE. 3.5%. 1.8% CF. 30.2%. 33.4% Ash 8.3%. 19.2% What is the NFE content of the feed sample?

Answer 25

Formula: All from the "feed" column 100 - (CP + EE + CF + Ash) = NFE (feed) Answer: 46% NFE (feed)

Question 26

A digestion trial was conducted to determine digestibility of a certain feed. The composition of the feed sample and fecal sample on a dry mater basis are shown below. Feed Feces CP 12% 7.1% EE. 3.5%. 1.8% CF. 30.2%. 33.4% Ash 8.3%. 19.2% What is the NFE content of the fecal sample?

Answer 26

Formula: All from the "feces" column 100 - (CP + EE + CF + Ash) = NFE (Feces) Answer: 38.5% NFE (feces)

Question 27

Feed Feces CP 12% 7.1% EE. 3.5%. 1.8% CF. 30.2%. 33.4% Ash 8.3%. 19.2% Assume that an animals DMI is 14.3 lbs. The DME from feces is 7.9 lbs. Using the given information, what is the crude protein intake?

Answer 27

Formula: DMI x CP feed (in decimal form) = CPI (in pounds) Answer: 1.7 lbs of CPI

Question 28

Feed Feces CP 12% 7.1% EE. 3.5%. 1.8% CF. 30.2%. 33.4% Ash 8.3%. 19.2% Assume that an animals DMI is 14.3 lbs. The DME from feces is 7.9 lbs. What is the Crude protein excretion?

Answer 28

Formula: DME x CP Feces (decimal form) = CPE (lbs) Answer: .6 lbs of CPE

Question 29

Feed Feces CP 12% 7.1% EE. 3.5%. 1.8% CF. 30.2%. 33.4% Ash 8.3%. 19.2% Assume that an animals DMI is 14.3 lbs. The DME from feces is 7.9 lbs. CPI: 1.7 lbs CPE: .6 lbs What is the Crude Protein digestibility?

Answer 29

Formula: ((CPI - CPE) / CPI) x 100 = CPD (%) Answer: 64.7% CPD

Question 30

TDN value % CP 7.8% EE 5.6% CF 11.7% NFE 24.7% What is the % TDN of the feed?

Answer 30

Formula: Sum of all the TDN value % Answer: 49.8% TDN