Exam 1 Flashcards
Which carbohydrate fraction is estimated with the nitrogen-free extract procedure?
Highly digestible
Calculate the nitrogen-free extract (NFE) content of the dry feed sample below
Nutrient composition a dry feed sample includes:
CP: 12%
EE: 3.5%
CF: 30.2%
Ash: 8.3%
Formula:
NFE= 100 - (ash + fiber + protein + EE)
Answer: 46% NFE
What machine is used to measure the total energy content of a sample?
The bomb calorimeter
How many kcal of energy is produced from burning 1 gram of lipid?
9
How many kcal is produced from burning 1 gram of protein?
4
How many kcal of energy is produced from burning 1 gram of carbohydrate?
4
What are the 6 nutrients?
Water
Lipids
Protein
VItamins
Minerals
Carbohydrates
What is a feed ingredient that has less than 20% crude fiber?
Concentrates
What is a feed ingredient that has more than 20% crude fiber?
Forage
Give 1 example of a maintenance function
Breathing
Give 1 example of a production function
Lactation
Which procedure is used to measure water content of feed?
Dry matter procedure
Why is dry matter important to consider?
Water content varies among feeds
Calculate the % dry matter (DM) of the following feed sample:
Sample weight: 38.8 grams
Sample weight after drying: 27.2 grams
Formula:
DM= Sample weight/sample weight after drying x100
Answer: 70% DM
Calculate the water % if a feed sample had 70% DM
Formula:
Water %= 100-DM
Name the procedure that measures the lipid (fat) content of feed
Ether Extract
If a sample contains 3% nitrogen, how much crude protein (CP) does the sample contain?
Formula:
CP= Nitrogen% x 6.25
Answer: 18.75%
Name a dangerous lab procedure used to measure nitrogen content of feed?
Kjeldahl
Which procedure measures the total mineral content of feed?
Ash Oven
If a dry feed sample weighing 2.3g contains 8% ash, what % of the dry feed sample is organic matter (OM)?
Formula:
OM= 100 - Ash
Answer: 92%OM
What does the abbreviation “CF” stand for?
Crude Fiber
True or false: “Nutrient composition numbers will always be larger on as-fed basis”
False
DM will always be bigger
A sample of Sudan grass was analyzed fro crude protein. The following lab results were reported on a DM basis:
DM: 85%
CP: 9% (DM basis)
What was the % CP on an as-fed basis?
Formula:
CP (AFB)= DM x CP
Answer: 7.7% CP (AFB)
A sample of orchard grass was analyzed for crude protein. The following lab results were reported on the as-fed basis:
DM: 91%
CP: 5% (as-fed basis)
What was the % CP on a dry matter basis?
Formula:
CP (DMB)= DM / CP
Answer:
5.5% CP (DMB)
A digestion trial was conducted to determine digestibility of a certain feed. The composition of the feed sample and fecal sample on a dry mater basis are shown below.
Feed Feces CP 12% 7.1% EE. 3.5%. 1.8% CF. 30.2%. 33.4% Ash 8.3%. 19.2%
What is the NFE content of the feed sample?
Formula: All from the “feed” column
100 - (CP + EE + CF + Ash) = NFE (feed)
Answer: 46% NFE (feed)
A digestion trial was conducted to determine digestibility of a certain feed. The composition of the feed sample and fecal sample on a dry mater basis are shown below.
Feed Feces CP 12% 7.1% EE. 3.5%. 1.8% CF. 30.2%. 33.4% Ash 8.3%. 19.2%
What is the NFE content of the fecal sample?
Formula: All from the “feces” column
100 - (CP + EE + CF + Ash) = NFE (Feces)
Answer: 38.5% NFE (feces)
Feed Feces
CP 12% 7.1%
EE. 3.5%. 1.8%
CF. 30.2%. 33.4%
Ash 8.3%. 19.2%
Assume that an animals DMI is 14.3 lbs. The DME from feces is 7.9 lbs.
Using the given information, what is the crude protein intake?
Formula: DMI x CP feed (in decimal form) = CPI (in pounds)
Answer: 1.7 lbs of CPI
Feed Feces
CP 12% 7.1%
EE. 3.5%. 1.8%
CF. 30.2%. 33.4%
Ash 8.3%. 19.2%
Assume that an animals DMI is 14.3 lbs. The DME from feces is 7.9 lbs.
What is the Crude protein excretion?
Formula: DME x CP Feces (decimal form) = CPE (lbs)
Answer: .6 lbs of CPE
Feed Feces
CP 12% 7.1%
EE. 3.5%. 1.8%
CF. 30.2%. 33.4%
Ash 8.3%. 19.2%
Assume that an animals DMI is 14.3 lbs. The DME from feces is 7.9 lbs.
CPI: 1.7 lbs
CPE: .6 lbs
What is the Crude Protein digestibility?
Formula: ((CPI - CPE) / CPI) x 100 = CPD (%)
Answer: 64.7% CPD
TDN value %
CP 7.8%
EE 5.6%
CF 11.7%
NFE 24.7%
What is the % TDN of the feed?
Formula: Sum of all the TDN value %
Answer: 49.8% TDN
