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KNR 182(2) > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which blood vessels have valves

A

Veins

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2
Q

One cell thick

A

Capillaries

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3
Q

Largest artery in the heart

A

Aorta

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4
Q

Wide lumen

A

Veins

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5
Q

Average volume of blood in the human body is:

3 liters

5 liters

8 liters

10 liters

A

5 liters

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6
Q

Arterial blood is ________ and venous blood is ________.

oxygenated; oxyhemoglobin

deoxygenated; oxyhemoglobin

oxygenated; deoxygenated

deoxygenated; oxygenated

A

Oxygenated, Deoxygenated

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7
Q

What is plasma made of?

A

Solutes, plasma proteins and water

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8
Q

What are the formed elements made of?

A

Thrombocytes
Leukocytes
Erythrocytes

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9
Q

90% of blood plasma is made of what?

A

Water

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10
Q

Red blood cells are efficient oxygen transport cells. Which is the major contributor to the significant oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cell?

A

Biconcave discs

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11
Q

Each hemoglobin molecule can transfer how many oxygen atoms
A) 1
B) 4
C) 250
E) 1 billion

A

4

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12
Q

What contains hemoglobin?

A

Erthrocytes

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13
Q

Functions to aid in defense against infections by microorganisms

A

Leukocytes

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14
Q

Cytoplasmic granules stain specifically with Wright’s stain

A

Granulocytes

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15
Q

Referred to as the “bacteria slayers”

A

Neutrophils

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16
Q

Most numerous leukocyte

A

Neutrophils

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17
Q

Digest parasitic worms that are too large to be phagocytized

A

Eosinophils

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18
Q

Least numerous leukocyte

A

Basophils

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19
Q

Lack visible cytoplasmic granules

A

Agranulocytes

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20
Q

Are cell fragments of megakaryocytes

A

Thrombocytes

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21
Q

Two types, T cells and B cells, play a crucial role in immunity

A

Lymphocytes

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22
Q

They leave circulation to enter tissues, differentiates into macrophages

A

Monocytes

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23
Q

Granules contain histamine

A

Basophils

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24
Q

Function is to assist the blood clotting mechanisms

A

Thrombocytes

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25
Q

An elevated neutrophil count would be indicative of ________.

A

an acute bacterial infection

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26
Q

Vasodilation is a step in Hemostasis
T or F

A

F

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27
Q

Platelets need to chemically react with exposed collagen fibbers to stick and form a glue like scene
True or false

A

False

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28
Q

What is vasodilation

A

When the blood vessels widen allowing more blood to flow through them and lowering your blood pressure

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29
Q

Platelets need to chemically react with exposed collagen fibers to stick and form a glue-like scene
False or true

A

True

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30
Q

Hypoxic meaning oxygen sufficient

A

False

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31
Q

Hematopoiesis is cell formation that occurs in the red bone marrow
True
False

A

True

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32
Q

Formation of white blood cells?

A

Leukopoisesis

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33
Q

Formation of red blood cells

A

Erythropoiesis

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34
Q

Formation of platelets

A

Thrombopoiesis

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35
Q

Formed by the lymphoid stem cell

A

Lymphocyte

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36
Q

Interleukins & CSFs= ?

A

White blood cells

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37
Q

Thrombopoietin= ?

38
Q

Erythropoietin=?

A

Red blood cells

39
Q

Surface markers on erythrocytes are called:

A

Antigen’s

40
Q

Our blood type is based on the presences or absences of two antigens known as agglutinogens on our RBCs

41
Q

Universal donor?

42
Q

Universal recipient

43
Q

Rh + blood can accept both positive and negative blood.

44
Q

You have A+ blood type; what blood types can you accept?

45
Q

You have B- blood type; what blood types can you accept?

46
Q

Large impact on preload/stretch of ventricles before contraction

A

Venous Return

47
Q

Volume of blood pumped each beat (EDV – ESV)

A

Stoke volume
Middle

48
Q

The amount of blood pumped each minute (SV x HR)

A

Cardiac output
-5 liters

49
Q

The proportion of EDV pumped out w/ each beat (SV/EDV x 100)

A

Ejection Fraction
Good function heart is anything that is 50 %
Higher means its higher
<40% heart failure

50
Q

The number of cardiac cycles each minute

A

Heart rate

51
Q

Extrinsic response (ANS) that strengthens the heart contraction

A

Contractility

52
Q

The degree of stretch on ventricles BEFORE contraction

53
Q

The pressure the ventricles must overcome during contraction

A

After load

54
Q

Nervous system that speeds up HR

A

Sympathetic

55
Q

Nervous system that slows down HR

A

Parasympathetic

56
Q

Has a higher cardiac output

A

Trained individual

57
Q

Has a lower cardiac output

A

Untrained individual

58
Q

“Blood reservoirs”

59
Q

“Resistance vessels”

60
Q

“Functional unit”

A

Capillaries

61
Q

Pressure reservoirs

62
Q

Holds 60-65% of our blood volume

63
Q

Low pressure vessels

64
Q

High pressure. Vessels

65
Q

Contain one way valves

66
Q

Thick tunica media

67
Q

Away

68
Q

Back to the heart

69
Q

Controls blood flow into capillary beds

A

arterioles

70
Q

Contains smooth muscle and sheets of elastin; critical in regulating the circulatory system.

A

Tunica media

71
Q

Inner most layer contains endothelium

A

Tunica Intima

72
Q

Contains collagen fiber that protects and reinforces the vessels.

A

Tunica externa

73
Q

What vessel is considered the “Functional Unit”?

A

Capillaries

74
Q

Smaller arteries that lead to capillary beds.

A

Arterioles

75
Q

Porous, allow fluids and WBCs into tissues; an extension of the capillary beds that lead into veins

76
Q

Has thin walls and larger lumen diameters; carries blood under low pressure.

77
Q

In comparison to arteries, veins have ________ amount of smooth muscle.

78
Q

In comparison to arteries, veins have ________ capacity to hold blood.

79
Q

In comparison to arteries, veins have ________ resistance to blood flow.

80
Q

Can contain about 60-65% of total blood volume:

81
Q

Have the lowest velocity of blood flow:

A

Capillaries

82
Q

Considered to be capacity vessels

83
Q

Contains only the tunica intima tissue layer (endothelial cells):

A

Capillaries

84
Q

Only blood vessels contain the presence of valves

85
Q

The tunica media is the thickest in this vessel

86
Q

If blood pressure increases, blood flow____.

87
Q

If resistance increases, blood flow

88
Q

Blood resistance increases if:

A

Blood vessel lengthens,blood viscosity increases,blood vessels diameter decreases

89
Q

Blood pressure between 15-35mmHg

A

capillary blood pressure

90
Q

Blood pressure between ~15mmHg

A

Venous blood pressure

91
Q

What blood pressure is what vessel?

92
Q

Lowest blood pressure in what vessel

A

Venue cavae

KNR 182(2) (4 decks)

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