Exam 3

Question 0

Name the triggers & actions of: ADH

Answer 0

Trigger: ⬆️ Na+
Action: Acts on kidneys by making them more permeable to water. As a result more water is returned to the blood.

Question 1

Name the triggers & actions of: ALDOSTERONE

Answer 1

Trigger: ⬇️ Na+
Action: Reabsorbs Na+ & H2O from the urine back into the blood.
Prevents excessive kidney excretion of Na+

Question 2

Name the triggers & actions of: Natriuretic Peptides

Answer 2

Trigger: ⬆️ Fluid volume
Action: Prevents kidneys from reabsorbing Na+ & H2O, ⬆️ urine output

Question 3

Range of: Ca+

Answer 3

9.0 - 10.5 mg/dL

Question 4

Range of: Na+

Answer 4

135 - 145 mEq/l

Question 5

Range of: K+

Answer 5

3.5 - 5.0 mEq/l

Question 6

Range of: Cl-

Answer 6

95 - 110 mEq/l

Question 7

Range of: BUN

Answer 7

10 - 20 mg/dl

Question 8

Range of: Creatinine

Answer 8

0.5 - 1.2 mg/dl

Question 9

Range of: Blood Glucose

Answer 9

70 - 140

Question 10

Normal ABG Values: pH

Answer 10

7.35 - 7.45

Question 11

Normal ABG Values: PaCO2

Answer 11

35 - 45 mmHg

Question 12

Normal ABG Values: HCO3

Answer 12

22 - 26 mEq/L

Question 13

Normal ABG Values: PaO2

Answer 13

80 - 100 mmHg

Question 14

Normal ABG Values: SaO2

Answer 14

93 - 100%

Question 15

Aluminum or magnesium salts increases pH of gastric contents by deactivating pepsin. Mylanta, Maalox, Tums.

Answer 15

Antacids

Question 17

↓ gastric acid production by binding directly to the hydrogen-potassium-ATPase pump mechanism and irreversibly inhibit the action of this enzyme, which results in a total blockage of hydrogen ion secretion from the parietal cells (long-acting). Prilosec, Prevacid, Protonix, Nexium; no Iron Salts

Answer 17

Proton Pump Inhibitors

Question 17

s/sx of small bowel obstruction

Answer 17

abd pain
upper or epigastric distention
metabolic alkalosis
fluid and lyte imbalance
Obstipation (major/severe constipation)

Question 18

↓ gastric acid secretions by blocking histamine receptors in parietal cells. Zantac, Pepcid

Answer 18

H2 Receptor Antagonists

Question 20

s/sx of large bowel obstruction

Answer 20

intermitten lower bowel cramping
lower abd distention
obstipation or ribbon like stool
typically no fluid or lyte imbalance
metabolic acidosis (not always present)

Question 21

choledocholithiasis

Answer 21

Presence of a stone in the common bile duct

Question 22

Cholecystitis

Answer 22

inflammation of the gallbladder.

Question 23

Diverticulosis

Answer 23

Presence of pouchlike herniations in the wall of the intestine

Question 24

Diverticulitis

Answer 24

Acute Inflammation of one or more of the diverticula

Question 25

What disorder(s) is the following diagnostic test used for?
sigmoidoscopy

Answer 25

CA, users, polyps

Question 26

What disorder(s) is the following diagnostic test used for? ERCP

Answer 26

Gallstones, Pancreatits