Class 15

Question 1

What are the two types of amputations, and why are each performed?

Answer 1

~Traumatic: ususally the result of an accident (i.e. snow blower, lawn mower, MVA, industrial accident.)
~Elective: related to complications of PVD, athersclerosis, DM

Question 2

What are the physiological & psychsoc implications for a pt w/ an amputations?

Answer 2

~No matter the size or body part, it can be traumatic.
~Even it is planned, expect a greiving process.
~Pt may have altered self-concept
~Pt may have feelings of inadequacy

Question 3

Pt needs for home phase of amputation?

Answer 3

~Assessing limb:
  -CMS, infection
~Dressing (changing)
~Is home ready for wheelchair/walker/etc.
~Pt's ability to perform ADL,s

Question 4

What are some stratagies to dealing w/ phanom hip pain?

Answer 4

~Meds
~Massage
~Heat
~Biofeedback
~Relaxation therapy

Question 5

Pathology of OA?

Answer 5

~The progressive deterioration and loss of cartilage in one or more joints (articular cartilage).
~Cause of OA is a combination of many factors. For patients with primary OA, the disease may be triggered by aging, genetic changes, obesity, and/or smoking.

Question 6

S/Sx of OA

Answer 6

joint stiffness, pain, eventually immobility. immobility leads to muscle atrophy

Question 7

Therapeutic management of OA

Answer 7

PT, low impact exercise, pain relief

Question 8

Nursing care of OA

Answer 8

pain management, skin integrety, fall prevention

Question 9

Sequence of events leading to joint damage in OA

Answer 9

articular matrix breakdown ->
bone and cartilage erosion ->
Bone spurs -> inflammatory process ->
joint stiffness, pain, decreased mobility

Question 10

Fx types:

describe closed, nondisplaced

Answer 10

bone broken, slight to no misalignment, mininmal internal soft tissue damage

Question 11

Fx types: 
describe open (compound)

Answer 11

Bone exposed, not aligned, major trauma to soft tissue, will need to be reduced.

Question 12

Fx types:

Comminuted (fragmented)

Answer 12

section of bone is shattered into small pieces. Closed break, moderate soft tissue damage.

Question 13

Fx types:

Displaced

Answer 13

break is offset, and closed, minor to moderate soft tissue damage.

Question 14

Fx types:

Oblique

Answer 14

partial break in bone, more like a crack. Closed, with minimal soft tissue damage

Question 15

Fx types:

Spiral

Answer 15

break forms a spiral along the bone. Closed, with minimal soft tissue damage.

Question 16

Fx types:

Impacted

Answer 16

Bone pushed into itself. Closed, minimal soft tissue damage.

Question 17

Fx types:

greenstick

Answer 17

bone cracked, closed, min sft tissue dmg.

Question 18

Stage one of bone healing

Answer 18

24-72hr, hematoma formation

Question 19

Stage two of bone healing

Answer 19

3d - 2w, begin granulation

Question 20

Stage three of bone healing

Answer 20

3-6w, vascular and cellular proliferation (callus)

Question 21

Stage four of bone healing

Answer 21

3-8w, callus reabsorbed -> new/replacement bone

Question 22

Stage five of bone healing

Answer 22

4-6w, consolidation and remodeling

Question 23

Physical assessment of fx

Answer 23

ABC

distal perfusion