Class 16

Question 1

Parkinson’s vs Parkinsonian

Answer 1

Parkinson’s - ACh/Dopamine imbalance

Parkinsonian - Parkinson’s sx caused by tumors and certain antipsychotic drugs

Question 2

Pathology of Parkinson’s

Answer 2

~Normally - ACh excites, Dopamine inhibits
~Atrophy in substantia nigra, where dopamine is produced -> dopamine levels fall off
~ACh production stays same, and not inhibited by Dopamine
~overexcitement = tremors, loss of fine motor control, etc.

Question 3

Four cardnial S/Sx of Parkinson’s

Answer 3

1) Tremor
2) Rigitiy
3) Bradykinesia
4) Postural instability

Question 4

Potential complications of PD

Answer 4

Immobility, falls, skin integrity, malnutririon, dehydration.

Question 5

What is Sinemet (levodopa/carbidopa)

Answer 5

Class: Dopaminergic agent
Tx: rigidity, slowness, temors
S/E: HypoT, dyskinesias, n/v, confusion, glaucoma, MAIO

Question 6

What is Simmetrel (amantadine)

Answer 6

Class: Inderect Acting Dop. agent
Action: release dopamine @ nerve endings
S/E: same as Sinemet, decrease use as nerver endings diminish

Question 7

What is Eldepryl (selegiline)

Answer 7

Class: Dopaminergic-indirect/MAO-B
Tx: reduces S/E’s and/or need of levdopa; taken w/ levdopa.
S/E: agitation, hallucination, vivd dreams, sever HTN

Question 8

What is Cogentin/Artane

Answer 8

Class: Anticholinergics
Tx: reduces cholinergic symptoms (tremors/sweating/grease),taken w/ levdopa
S/E: Dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention.

Question 9

Heparin: route, test, side efx?

Answer 9

ROUTE: IV
TEST: ptt
ADVERSE EFX: bleeding, hematoma, anemia, thrombocytopenia

Question 10

Lovenox (enoxoparin): route, test, side efx?

Answer 10

TEST: ptt
ROUTE: sub-Q
AVDVERSE EFX: bleeding, hematoma, anemia, thrombocytopenia

Question 11

Coumadin (warfarin): route, test, side efx?

Answer 11

TEST: PT/INR
ROUTE: oral
ADVERSE EFX: bleeding, lethargy, muscle pain, purple toes