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RADT A161 - Phys. 1 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Due to patient circumstances you have to increase SID and want to keep a consistent OD. Which law/rule will help to keep a consistent OD with the change in SID.

A

Direct square law

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2
Q

Due to patient circumstances you want to decrease patient exposure and keep a consistent OD. Which rule/law will help?

A

15% rule

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3
Q

All images on a radiograph demonstrate some level of an increase is size of objects compared to the anatomy they represent. This is called what?

A

Magnification

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4
Q

How does having a smaller focal spot affect spatial resolution?

A

Small focal spot increases sharpness/spatial resolution of an image

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5
Q

How does increasing SID affect spatial resolution?

A

It increases detail and spatial resolution

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6
Q

How does positioning the part of interest parallel with the image receptor affect spatial resolution?

A

Increases spatial resolution and decreases shape distortion

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7
Q

There are positive and negative contrasts. Barium is a __________ and air is a __________ contrast.

A

Positive; negative

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8
Q

What type of contrast is determined by the size, shape, and x-ray attenuating characteristics of the subject who is being examined and the energy of the x-ray beam

A

Subject contrast

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9
Q

Which resolution (in regards to image quality) is the ability to image small objects that have high subject contrast?

A

Spatial resolution

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10
Q

What resolution (regarding image quality) is the ability to distinguish anatomical structures of similar subject contrast (Ability to distinguish between similar tissues)

A

Contrast resolution

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11
Q

T/F: In radiography, density is a visible representation of the quantity of X-ray photons reaching the IR.

A

True

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12
Q

T/F: Increasing mAs increases density.

A

True

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13
Q

Blurred region would seen over entire image; technologist has a lot of control over reducing this type of blur

A

Motion blur

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14
Q

Blurred region on the outer most edge of the image; technologist has little or no control over

A

Focal spot blur

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15
Q

Decreasing kVp [x] beam attenuation [y] absorption and [z] transmission.

A

Increases; increases; decreases

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16
Q

Increasing kVp [x] beam attenuation [y] absorption and [z] transmission

A

Decreases; decreases; increases

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17
Q

Decreasing tissue atomic number [x] beam attenuation [y] absorption and [z] transmission.

A

Decreases; decreases; increases

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18
Q

Increasing tissue atomic number [x] beam attenuation [y] absorption and [z] transmission

A

increases; increases; decreases

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19
Q

Decreasing tissue thickness [x] beam attenuation [y] absorption and [z] transmission

A

decreases; decreases; increases

20
Q

Increasing tissue density [x] beam attenuation [y] absorption and [z] transmission

A

increases; increases; decreases

21
Q

Muscle tissue has atomic particles that are [x] dense or compact than fat cells and therefore attenuate the x-ray beam [z] than fat cells

A

more; more

22
Q

The range of exposures (aka the number of shades of gray) that can be accurately detected on an analog image

A

Dynamic range

23
Q

Using a positive contrast produces more brightness in a specific area (for example, barium in the stomach) than the adjust tissues. Therefore, positive contrast [increases/decreases] attenuation

A

increases

24
Q

The chest represents high contrast anatomy (high subject contrast). Therefore, which of the following is most appropriate?
high kVp
high mAs
low kVp
low mAs

A

High kVp

25
Q

The _______ atomic number of a material, the _____ the number of photoelectric absorption interactions will be.

A

higher; higher

26
Q

The device for removing long-wavelength radiation from the primary x-ray beam is the:

A

filter

27
Q

Low quality x-rays will _________ attenuation in biological tissue of the same thickness and

A

Increase

28
Q

If the radiograph (specifically an analog image) is under penetrated, the technologist can compensate by

A

Increasing kVp

29
Q

requires an increase in technical factors because the affected body tissue increases in thickness, resulting in more attenuation of the X-ray beam

A

Additive disease

30
Q

All affect differential absorption except
-X-ray quantity
-Tissue mass density / tissue atomic number
-kVp

A

X-ray quantity

31
Q

A non-diagnostic image shows a long scale of radiographic/image contrast due to excessive penetration. Which technique change would be appropriate?

A

lower kVp

32
Q

A destructive disease, takes away from tissue density. For example, osteoporosis results from the loss of calcium of the bone. Therefore, would cause the bone to appear more:

A

radiolucent

33
Q

The thicker the body part, the greater the ________ of radiation needed to produce an acceptable image.

A

quality and quantity

34
Q

The primary function of mAs for an analog image (film/screen image) is to:

A

Regulate density

35
Q

The optical density of a radiograph can be increased by employing a:

A

Higher mAs value

36
Q

The difference in radiographic density between any two adjacent portions of the image is called:

A

contrast

37
Q

Short scale radiographic/image contrast in a radiograph is increased by

A

Decreased kVp

38
Q

Penetration of a part to be radiographed is primarily a function of the:

A

kVp

39
Q

Motion of the patient either voluntary or involuntary, during the exposure will result in decreased:

A

Detail

40
Q

If you halved the time of exposure, how much would you change the mA to obtain the same density on the radiograph?

A

double the mA

41
Q

If kVp is decreased, what happens to recorded detail?

A

It has no effect

42
Q

If 60 mAs was set with 0.3 seconds, what was the mA?

A

200 mA

43
Q

If 10 mAs was set with a 300 mA, what was the seconds?

A

0.03

44
Q

Generally speaking, what do destructive pathologic conditions require?

A

Decreased kVp

45
Q

A radiograph is taken at 100 mA and 2 seconds. The finished radiograph exhibited patient motion. The new time if the mA is increased to 400 would be:

A

1/2 second

46
Q

In an analog image, a longer scale of radiographic / image contrast within the part can be obtained by

A

increasing the kVp

47
Q
A

RADT A161 - Phys. 1 (14 decks)

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