Exam 3 Flashcards
What is punishment?
the occurrence of a behavior
followed by immediate consequence
behavior is less likely to occur in future
What are the types of punishment
Positive and negative
both weaken behavior
what is positive punishment?
occurrence of behavior
followed by the addition of an aversive stimulus
behavior is less likely to occur in the future
what is negative punishment
occurrence of behavior
followed by the removal of a reinforcing stimulus
behavior is less likely to occur in the future
what is a punisher?
consequence (stimuli or event)
immediately follow behavior and weaken that behavior in future
aversive stimuli
What is an unconditioned punisher?
Biological importance, no conditioning to be effective
What is a conditioned punisher?
neutral stimulus paired with established punisher
What are the factors that influence punishment?
immediacy
contingency
individual differences
magnitude or amount
motivating operations
What is motivating operations?
alter potency or value of punisher
alter occurrence of behavior
What is an EO
makes punisher more effective
more likely to inhibit behavior
what is AO
makes punisher less effective
less likely to inhibit behavior
What are some potential problems with punishment?
Aggression/emotional side effects
escape or avoidance behaviors
Negative reinforcement for person punishing
modeling use of punishment
ethical issues
What are the ABCs of operant behavior?
antecedent –> behavior –> consequence
three term contingency
What is the discriminative stimulus
S^D
antecedent that is present when the behavior is reinforced
S^D –> Behavior –> S^R
what is S^delta?
Antecedent that is present when the behavior is not reinforced
distractor
S^delta –> Behavior –> EXT
What is stimulus control
outcome of stimulus discrimination training
behavior is more likely in presence of S^D
S^D exerts stimulus control over behavior, evokes the behavior
What are the two effect of MOs?
value altering effect
behavior altering effect
what is the antecedents effects?
alter the current probability of behavior
evoke or abate behavior momentarily
What is the consequence effects?
alter the future probability of behavior
strengthen or weaken behavior in the long term
What is the outcome of discrimination training
stimulus control
what is stimulus generalization?
when a behavior occurs in the presence of stimuli that are similar to the S^D
what is Stimulus equivalence
identify object by picture and word, emerged paths are untrained
What is transitivity?
untrained but still learned how to connect word to picture
What is the difference between respondent and operant conditioning?
Respondent - controlled by antecedents, no consequences involved. Elicit
Operant - controlled by consequences, antecedents also involved. Evoke