exam 3 Flashcards
Wechsler IQ test
meant to test verbal comprehension, reasoning, working memory and processing speed.
-measures general intelligence using 2 broad factors:
verbal & performance skills
- separate test for preschoolers and school age children
- 3 versions
lesion
region of damaged tissue
spatial ability
ability to generate retina, retrieve and transform well structured visual images
WAIS
- Wechsler adult scale
- great subtest difference :
arithmetic (male) males excel
digit symbol (female) female excel
spatial ability diffs:
emerge at 8 years and are consistent by 12-13 years of age
* metal rotations show considerable male-female difference
WISC
-(Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) is an IQ test administered to
- children between ages 6 and 16 by school districts and psychologists
- The objective of the exam is to understand whether or not a child is gifted, as well as to determine the student’s cognitive strengths and weaknesses.
WPPSI
-Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
- is an intelligence test
- children ages 2 years 6 months to 7 years 7 months
- developed by David Wechsler in 1967
-it is a descendant of the earlier Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children tests.
tacit knowledge
knowledge that is difficult to express or extract, and thus more difficult to transfer to others by means of writing it down or verbalizing it
- things you ned to know but are’t tough or “street smarts”
Sternberg
- known for triarchic theory of intelligence; has 3 parts ( practical, creative, and analytical intelligence )
- psychologist and psychometrician
- said Gardner’s intelligence is not intelligent behavior
Galton
- Francis galton
-sensory and motor function - twin study
-theory by measuring people’s strengths, physical attributes, hearing - accessed this as a good way to view intelligence
- founded psychometrics (the science of measuring mental faculties) and differential psychology, as well as the lexical hypothesis of personality
Cattell
- originated 2 categories of intelligence: fluid and crystalized intelligence
- theory: intelligence is determined by genetics
Spearman
- Britain
- test intercorrelate positively
- general vs specific abilities
Binet
- judgement and reasoning
- IQ formula
Simon
judgement and reasoning
Simplex
if two test given close in time the correction is higher than when they are given father in time
”s”
specific factor, unique to given test
“g’
shared factor
strand deviation of IQ
15
Variance of IQ
225
Selective placement
trying to place children with families who are similar in a many ways as possible to the natural parents
virtual twins
same age
- unrelated children raised together
- no genetic link
ex. adopted - adopted
ex. adopted - biological child
full adoption design
- adopted away child
- adopted parents of that child
- biological parents of that child
partial adoption design
biological parents - biological kids
adoption parents - adoption kids
adoption designs
- showed that biological relatives reared in separate environments were similar due to genes
- also unrelated people living together were still somewhat alike because of the shared environment
gardner
multiple intelligence
- said Sternbergs model is not rooted in the brain
fluid intelligence
basic info processing skills
- detecting relationships among stimuli, analytical speed, working memory
crystallized intelligence
skills that depend on:
- accumulated knowledge experience, good judgement, mastery of social convo and values by persons culture
triarchic theory (sternberg)
- info processing problems are not real life problems, IQ measures school learning, doing well in school = doing well in life
- componential (internal): includes info processing for ex; strategy application
-contextual sun theory: adopting to the environment for ex; we adopt, shape and select
- experimental intelligence: mastery and automaticity for ex; we master a problem so it become automatic such as driving
hierarchical theory
highly-influential way of organizing human needs from the most “basic” to the most advanced
- Maslow
bottom to top
- physiological needs
-safety needs
- love and belonging
- esteem
- self-actualization
IQ score
very superior: 130 +
superior: 120-129
high average: 111-119
average : 90-110
low average: 80-89
borderline: 70-79
IQ/ mental age formula
mental age / chronological age x 100
multiple intelligences (Gardner)
the idea that people have many different type of intelligence that are independent of one another
aphasia
speech dysfunction
lesion
region of damaged tissue
aphasia
speech dysfunction
agraphia
inability to write
agnosia
inability to recognize faces
agnosia
inability to recognize faces
Alexia
inability to read
discrepancy theory
Donald Hebb
- degree of difference (discrepancy) between the new object/ event and what the child knows is responsible for the reaction
