Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Most important electrolyte loss from N/V/D

A

Potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

*given in small doses
*can cause hypotension/sedation
*ex: Haldol, promethazine

A

Dopamine antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Serotonin receptor example

A

Zofran

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When should vomiting NOT be induced during an overdose

A

When the substance is unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Types of laxatives

A

Osmotic: saline (not for chf or poor renal function
Stimulant:
Bulk forming:fiber
Emollients: stool softeners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where peptic ulcers occur

A

Stomach(gastric)
Duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of ulcers

A

Esophageal
Duodenal
Gastric
GERD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

*Decrease GI morility/secretions
*Delay gastric emptying time
*Take before meals
*Antacids can slow absorption
*Can cause: dry mouth tachycardia constipation

A

Anticholinergic medications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

*Promote uncertainty healing
*take 1 to 3 hours after meals
*assess renal/electrolytes
* give 2 hrs after other medications
*maylox

A

Antacids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

*Prevent gastric reflux into the esophagus reducing gastric acid secretions
*ranitidine ‘-tidine’ (zantac/pepcid)
*can cause ha, dizziness,constipation, decreased libido

A

Histamine 2 blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

*protonix nexium(panta’prazle’)
*Take before meals
*monitor liver
*can cause ha, dizziness, abdominal pain

A

PPI (proton pump inhibitors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

*Sucralfate (carafate)
*non absorbable, combines w protein to form protective layer over ulcer
*can cause constipation
*antacids decrease effect

A

Mucosal protectant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Oral Hypoglycemia medications

A

Sulfonylureas - glipizide
Nonsulfonylureas- metformin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

*can cause insulin reaction, GI effects
*Adverse reactions: hematology
*contraindications:type 1, pregnancy, breast feeding, stress

A

Sulfonylureas (glipizide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

*Doesn’t not cause Hypoglycemia
*GI disturbance
*contraindicated in renal failure
*stop taking 2 days prior to surgery

A

No sulfonylureas (metformin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

*onset of DM after adolescents
*dx of DM for less than 5 years
*normal or overweight
*fasting blood glucose < 200mg
*less than 40u insulin daily
*normal renal/hepatic functions

A

Criteria for use of oral Hypoglycemics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When taking oral hypoglycemic medication

A

*monitor vs
*administer with food
*monitor blood sugar
*teach pt symptoms of hypo/hyper, sick day plan, diet, exercise, glucometer use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fast acting insulin

A

Humalog
Novalog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Intermediate insulin

A

NPH(humolin/novolin)

20
Q

Long acting insulin

A

Glargine (lantus)

21
Q

When to give a fast acting insulin

A

5 minutes before a meal

22
Q

Give 30minutes before meals

A

Short acting insulin

23
Q

Excessive urination due to excess glucose in the urine

A

Polyuria

24
Q

Dehydration causing excessive thirst

A

Polydipsia

25
Q

Excessive hunger(cells not receiving enough glucose)

A

Polyphagia

26
Q

Glucose elevating agent

A

Glucagon (IV IM, SC)

27
Q

Short acting insulin

A

Regular insulin (humulin)

28
Q

When do you give rapid insulin

A

5 minutes before meals

29
Q

When do you give short acting insulin

A

May give 30 minutes before meals

30
Q

Treated with levothyroxine
Lethargy
Dry skin
Memory problems
Weight gain

A

Hypothyroidism

31
Q

Weight loss
Rapid heart rate
Irritable
Nervous
Bulging eyes

A

Hyperthyroidism

32
Q

Maintains calcium levels
Monitor calcium levels, I&O fluid volume
Calcium in look vs bones

A

HyperPARATHYROID

33
Q

Improves thought process
Treats psychosis
Interferes with dopamine
Can cause psuedoparkinsons(EPS)

A

Antipsychotic drugs

34
Q

Psuedoparkinsons
Shuffling gait,mask life expression,rigidity in movement
Needs long term anti Parkinson’s medications

A

EPS extrapyramidal symptoms

35
Q

Restless, pacing,rocking back and forth

A

Akasthisia

36
Q

Gum smacking, tongue rolling, chewing motion

A

Tardive dyskinesia

37
Q

Unexplained high fever, AMS, blood pressure fluctuations, potentially fatal.

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

38
Q

Spasms of muscles in upper part of body head and neck

A

Acute dystopia

39
Q

Thorazine~calming effect
Monitor bp (Hypotension)
Can cause lethargy
EPS (psuedoparkinsons)
Meds effective in about 3 to 6 weeks

A

Phenothiazines

40
Q

Haldol~Calming effect
Photosensitive
Monitor bp/cbc
Lower dosage for older adults
IM or PO

A

Nonphenothiazines

41
Q

Treats negative and positive psychosis symptoms
Not likely to cause EPS(Parkinson’s) or tardive dyskinesia
Weight gain
Monitor cbc
Ex: risperidone

A

Atypical antipsychotics

42
Q

Normal lithium range

A

0.5 to 1.5 mEq/L

43
Q

Lithium is given for this disorder

A

Bipolar affective disorder

44
Q

Problem and solution while taking lithium

A

Hyponatremia(low sodium) due to lithium drawing salt out of the blood stream
Drink 1 to 2 liters of water daily

45
Q

Seizures with an unknown cause is known as

A

Epilepsy

46
Q

Reasons for seizures:
Fever
Hypoglycemia
Electrolyte imbalance
Alcohol/drug withdrawal

A

Isolated seizures

47
Q

Suppress abnormal electrical impulses from the seizure focus to other cortical areas

A

Anticonvulsants

Pharmacology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions