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Pharmacology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

5 rights to drug administration

A

Patient
Drug
Dose
Time
Route

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2
Q

Additional 5 rights to administer medication

A

Documentation
Assessment
Education
Evaluation
Right to refuse

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3
Q

Causes that effect absorption of medications

A

Blood flow
Temperature
Food
Stress
Pain
Route
Bioavailability

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4
Q

Pharmaceutic phase

A

Tablet drugs that need to be broken down into a solution for to be absorbed in the GI tract

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5
Q

Liquid or tablet absorbed in body faster

A

Liquid

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6
Q

First pass effect

A

Tablet - GI - liver - bloodstream and kidney

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7
Q

Pharmacokinetic phase

A

How drugs move through the body
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolize
Elimination ADME

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8
Q

Percentage of administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation

A

Bioavailability

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9
Q

Rapid absorption has _____ bioavailability

A

Increased

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10
Q

Slow absorption has ______ bioavailability

A

Decrease

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11
Q

IV administration has ______ bioavailability

A

100% all medication is absorbed through the body

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12
Q

The four stages of absorption distribution metabolism and elimination of drugs

A

Pharmacokinetics

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13
Q

The effects if drugs in the body and the mechanisms of their actions

A

Pharmocodynamics

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14
Q

Amount of drugs that are left circulating in the body

A

Bioavailability

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15
Q

When a drug is given orally, it must be absorbed from the GI tract into _____ circulation

A

Portal

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16
Q

Transdermal application of a medication is ____ circulation

A

Systemic

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17
Q

Occurs when a drug has an impact in an irgan than its intended target organ

A

Side effects

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18
Q

A drugs impact on the body

A

Pharmacodynamics

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19
Q

Binds to a receptor to produce desired effect

A

Agonist

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20
Q

Competes with inherent molecules and blocks a response at the receptor site

A

Antagonist

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21
Q

Effect of drug when the medication first begins to take effect

A

Onset

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22
Q

Effect of drug when the maximum concentration of medication in the body, and the patient shows evidence if the greatest therapeutic effect

A

Peak

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23
Q

Length of time a medication produces its desired therapeutic effect

A

Duration

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24
Q

Large therapeutic window between effective concentration and toxic concentration of a medication

A

Large therapeutic index

25
Q

Small therapeutic window between effective concentration and toxic concentration

A

Small therapeutic index

26
Q

Relatively unpredictable, severe, and reason to discontinue medication

A

Adverse effect

27
Q

Nursing process steps

A

Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
“ADPIE”

28
Q

Nursing process
“Assessment “

A

Subjective: what pt tells you
Objective: what you observe

29
Q

Nursing process
Diagnosis

A

What the patients problem is

30
Q

Nursing assessment
Planning

A

The goal for the paients problem

31
Q

Nursing assessment
Implementation

A

What the patients wants to achieve

32
Q

Nursing process
Evaluation

A

Effectiveness
Side effects
Etc

33
Q

Sedative hypnotic categories

A

Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Nonbenzodiazepines
Melatonin agonists

34
Q

Barbituates

A

Short term use-<2 weeks
Monitor vs
Interactions - no alcohol/cns depressants
Contradictions- pregnancy/resp depression/toxicity
Side effects-N/V/D, lethargy, drowsiness, dizziness
Adverse reaction: dependence/tolerance/hypotension/dizziness

35
Q

Barbiturates “hint”

A

“Barb”
Examples phenoBARBital

36
Q

Benzodiazapine “hint”

A

“Pam,”
Example lorazaPAM

37
Q

Benzodiazapines

A

Short term use-<2 weeks
Monitor vs
Interactions - no alcohol/cns depressants
Contradictions- pregnancy/resp depression/toxicity
Side effects-N/V/D, lethargy, drowsiness, dizziness
Adverse reaction: dependence/tolerance/hypotension/dizziness

38
Q

Combination of drugs for general anesthesia

A

Balanced anesthesia

39
Q

Stages of anesthesia

A

Analgesia-induction stage
Excitement/delirium- fighting media
Surgical- performing surgery
Medullary paralysis- intubation required/longer surgeries require

40
Q

Types of anesthesia

A

Inhalation anesthesia
Iv anesthesia
Topical
Local
Spinal

41
Q

Antidote for benzodiazapine overdose

A

Flumazenil

42
Q

Drugs that produce a response

A

Agonists

43
Q

Drugs that prevent or block a response

A

Antagonists

44
Q

Categories of drug actions

A

Stimulate/depress
Replacement
Inhibition/killing or organisms
Irritation

45
Q

Stages of anesthesia

A

Analgesia-relaxing
Excitement/delirium
Surgical -surg performed
Medullary paralysis-longer surg, intubation required

46
Q

Types of anesthesia

A

Inhalation
Iv
Topical
Local
Spinal

47
Q

COx inhibitors causing damage to stomach lining

A

NSAIDS

48
Q

Immediate anti inflammatory properties

A

Corticosteroids

49
Q

Lab interactions: elevated glucose, and wbc

A

Corticosteroids

50
Q

Gets rid of uric acid crystals and protects your kidneys

A

Anti inflammatory Gout medication

51
Q

Acute pain

A

Mild moderate, right now issue

52
Q

Cancer pain

A

Pressure on organs, Metastasized to bone

53
Q

Chronic pain

A

Pain for >6 months difficult to treat

54
Q

Somatic pain

A

Skeletal muscle or joint pain

55
Q

Visceral pain

A

Smooth muscle or organ pain

56
Q

Acetylcysteine

A

Acetaminophen overdose antidote

57
Q

Opioid, severe pain, antidote is narcan, iv push over 4 to 5 minutes

A

Morphine

58
Q

6x more potent than morphine, iv push 2 to 5 min, must dilute with normal saline

A

Hydromorphone (dilauted)

59
Q

Narcotic antagonist

A

Narcan

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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