EXAM 2GRAMMAR Flashcards
latin does not use an ……. to express purpose
infin
purpose clauses are introduced by the word ….
ut
necesse + est goes with …
gerundive mood
-nd & -ndum
gerundive
they are used to descibe the result of something mentioned in the main clause
result clauses
trigger words…
tam, tantus, tot, adeo
result clause
the imperative mood is used when making a ….
direct command
they are expressed using a subjunctive clause introduced by ut
indirect commands
- statement of fact
- direct question
indicative
- as a noun
- complementary
infinitive
-direct commands
imperative
-adjectives
participle
-to show necessity
gerundive
- cum cluase
- purpose cause
- result clause
- indirect question
- indirect commands
subjunctive`
its used to express the means or instrumet used to accomplish some action
ablative of means / intrument
used to express the tie when something occur
ablative time of when
trigger words ..
hora, dies/nox, mensis, annus
abl time of when
it used to express the length of time some action goes on -
acc. duration of time
no person does them -
impersonal verbs
it is proper, ought -
decet
it is right, sould
oportet
it is tiring -
taedet
verbs that describe what the subj does
act voice
verbs that describe what is done to the subj
pass voice
what type of personal endings -
- o,-m -mus
- s -tis
- t -nt
active
what type of personal endings -
- r / -or -mur
- ris -mini
- tur -ntur
passive
these clauses simply indicate the purpose of the action in the main clause
purpose clause w/ ut
when we want to stress the person or thing that is performing the task, the relative pronoun is used to introduce this clause -
purpose clause by qui, quae, quod
when we want to stress the location where the task is being performed, the adverb ubi is used to introduce this clause -
purpose clause by ubi
what voice forms the perf and pluperf tense verbs
pass
perfect passive uses what tense -
present
pluperfect passive uses what tense
imperfect
trigger words ..
when , since , after , with
abl. absolute
ordering someone to do something is …
positive command
ordering someone not to do something
negative command
postive direct commands use what mood …
imperative
negative direct commands use what mood ….
infinitive
positive purpose clauses are introduced by …
ut or (qui, ubi)
negative purpose clauses are introduced by ….
ne
verbs that look passive, but translated as active
deponent verbs
they are used to describe what a noun is about to do or going to do
future act participle
-ulus, -ula, -ulum
are added to a noun to make a new noun for a ….. version of the original noun
smaller
action that will take place in the future -
fut. act. indic
they use the tense indicator -bi (-b, -bu-, -ba-)
1 / 2 conjugation verbs
here the -i stem vowel at the pres tense is replaced by an -e-
3rd conjugation verbs
here an -e- is added after the -i- of the pres stem
4 conjugation verbs
sum uses ….
eri
this tense is used to indicate the action which must be completed before some other action in the future
fut. perf. act. indic.
pres. pass. infin is formed by replacing the final -e of the present act. infin form with an …………
-i
here passive personal endings are added (or, ris, tur, mur, mini, ntur)
fut. pass. indic
