Exam 21

Question 1

Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows from the output side to the input side of the cardiovascular flow circuit.
1- venules
2- arterioles
3-capillaries
4- elastic arteries
5- medium veins
6- large veins
7- muscular arteries

Answer 1

4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6

Question 2

Capillaries consist almost entirely of:

Answer 2

Tunica intima

Question 3

Capillaries that have a complete lining are called

Answer 3

continuous capillaries.

Question 4

Compared to arteries, veins

Answer 4

have thinner walls.

Question 5

Portal circulation connects the:

Answer 5

GI tract and liver

Question 6

Resistance vessels are:

Answer 6

arterioles

Question 7

The elastic fiber content of the tunica media will be higher in:

Answer 7

Conducting arteries

Question 8

The most common type of capillary in the body:

Answer 8

Continuous

Question 9

a part of the body such as kidneys may need specialized capillaries to allow passage of larger molecules through pore in the cells. These are called _____________ capillaries.

Answer 9

Fenestrated

Question 10

at rest, most of the blood of the systemic circulation is in the:

Answer 10

veins

Question 11

distribution vessels are:

Answer 11

muscular arteries

Question 12

precapillary sphincters are found on:

Answer 12

arterioles

Question 13

severe hemorrhage would affect which factor the most in capillary exchange?

Answer 13

hydrostatic pressure

Question 14

which of the following would NOT increase peripheral resistance to flow?

Answer 14

increased diameter

Question 15

which of the following hormones/peptides had the opposite effect of the others?

Answer 15

atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 16

Materials can move across capillary walls by

Answer 16

diffusion, filtration, and reabsorption

Question 17

Blood flow through a capillary is controlled by the

Answer 17

precapillary sphincter.

Question 18

At the knee, the femoral artery becomes the ________ artery.

Answer 18

popliteal

Question 19

The vessel that receives blood from the head, neck, chest, shoulders, and arms is the

Answer 19

superior vena cava

Question 20

Which of the following are the smallest venous vessels?

Answer 20

venules

Question 21

Venous valves are responsible for

Answer 21

channeling blood toward the heart.

Question 22

Which of the following is the innermost layer of a blood vessel?

Answer 22

tunica intima

Question 23

Which layer of a blood vessel contains concentric sheets of smooth muscle tissue?

Answer 23

tunica media

Question 24

After blood leaves the capillaries, it enters the

Answer 24

venules

Question 25

Blood pressure is highest here.

Answer 25

artery

Question 26

As blood travels from arteries to veins,

Answer 26

pressure drops

Question 27

Total peripheral resistance is related to all of the following, except the

Answer 27

osmolarity of interstitial fluids

Question 28

Blood flow to a tissue will increase if the

Answer 28

arterioles dilate

Question 29

Blood pressure is lowest in the

Answer 29

veins

Question 30

Pulmonary arteries carry blood to the

Answer 30

lungs

Question 31

Pulmonary veins carry blood to the

Answer 31

left atrium.

Question 32

Homeostatic mechanisms in response to blood loss include all of the following, except

Answer 32

inhibition of EPO secretion.

Question 33

Vickie has a tumor that secretes excess amounts of the hormone aldosterone. Because of the elevated level of hormone, she exhibits

Answer 33

increased blood pressure and increased body stores of sodium ion

Question 34

Paul has a horrible chainsaw accident and cuts several major blood vessels in his head and neck. As a result of this injury, you would expect to observe all of the following, except a(n)

Answer 34

increase in cardiac output.

Question 35

Pick three options that help return blood to the heart

Answer 35

respiratory/thoracic pump, venous valves, and muscular massages

Question 36

Pick THREE characteristics of veins when compared to arteries.

Answer 36

stretchier, valves, and lower pressure

Question 37

Which of the following will lower blood pressure?

Answer 37

ANP/BNP

Question 38

Which of the following is an example of local control of blood flow?

Answer 38

precapillary sphincters

Question 39

The common one word term for a cerebrovascular accident is a ____________.

Answer 39

stroke

Question 40

A hemorrhagic stroke is best described as:

Answer 40

a free brain bleed

Question 41

an ischemic stroke is best described as a/an:

Answer 41

blood clot in the brain

Question 42

A stationary blood clot is called a/an __________. While a migrating clot is a/an __________.

Answer 42

Thrombus, embolism