Exam 2 week 1 Flashcards
operant behavior
learned behavior
reflexive behavior
natural behavior
trial nad error/success
thorndikes puzzle box/skinners operant chamber/ tolmans maze
Law of effect
actions that lead to a satisfying state of affairs are strngthend, actions thatlead to a dissatisfying state of affiars are weakend (similar to operant conditiong)
Positive reinforcement
the presense of a stimulus incresase the liklihood of the preceding response. (reward) (stimulation of “pleasure center” in the Brain)
Negative reinforcement
the removal of a stimulus increases the likelihood of the preceding response (remove hand from hot stove)
primary reinforcer
naturally or innately reinforcing stimuli
secondary (conditioned) reinforcer
reinforcer that are dependent on their associations with other reinforcers
generalized reinforcer
secondary reinforcers that have been paired with a wide variety of primary reinforcers (money, praise)
superstitious behavior
actions that have been accidently reinforced and tend to persist even afer the reinforcement has ceased.
successive approximation (shapping)
a procedure that requires the delivery of a reinforcer for behaviors that come close (approximate) the target bahavior and are then withheld and gradually reintroduced as the behavior gets closer and closer to the desired form.
chaining
performing behaviors in a sequence
acquisition
gradual increase in responding when reinforcing stimulus follows the behavior (toilet training,
extinction
reduced responding whent he reinforcing stimulus is removed (ignore bedtime tantrums)
spontaneous recovery
return of the extinguished bahvior following an interruption