Exam 2-Unit 8: Motor Treatment 1

Question 1

Motor Performance: Temporary or Permanent change?

Answer 1

Temporary. Motor Learning leads to permanent change.

Question 2

What variables define Motor Performance?

Answer 2

• Duration to complete task.
• Quality of movement.
• Efficiency to complete.

Question 3

How is Motor Learning assessed?

Answer 3

• Retention Test: Reassessment at a later date (is it retained?).
• Transfer of learning: Completing the learned skill in another environment.
• Generalizability: Application of learned skills from one task to another similar task.

Question 4

Dynamic Systems Theory:

Answer 4

Outlines 3 constraints that influence the emergence of behavior/motor development.
* Individual
* Task
* Environment

Each affects the other, all things work within a system.

Question 5

Stages of Motor Learning:

Answer 5

Skill association, skill retention, skill transfer.

Cognitive Stage

Associative Stage

Autonomous Stage

Question 6

One of the most important principles of motor learning?

Answer 6

Amount

Massed vs. Distributed

-Massed: Amount of practice time is greater than amount of rest time.

-Distributed: Amount of rest time is equal to or greater than amount of practice time.

Question 7

CIMT amount of practice?

Answer 7

Mass practice

Question 8

Blocked practice?

Answer 8

All repetitions of task A are practiced before moving onto task B, & all repetitions of task B are practiced before moving onto task C

Question 9

Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT) Theory?

Answer 9

Inhibits abnormal tone while facilitating normal movement.

Motor output is controlled by giving sensory input.

Question 10

NDT Basic Principles

Answer 10

• Compensatory & Adaptive strategies are DISCOURAGED.
• AVOIDANCE of learned nonuse.

Question 11

Factors influencing abnormal tone

Answer 11

Emotional stress, physical effort, temperature, RATE activity is done, time of day, fatigue, & movement.

Question 12

Typical UE tone with hemiplegia

Answer 12

Scapular elevation & retraction

Humerus adducted & internally rotated

Elbow flexed

Forearm pronated

Wrist flexed & ulnar deviated

Digits flexed

Question 13

Goal of NDT

Answer 13

Relearn normal movement

Treat the person as a whole

Encourage use of both sides (avoiding learned nonuse)

Use meaningful occupations to facilitate normal movement patterns of affected side

Question 14

NDT Treatment Starting Point

Answer 14

Position of the pelvis & trunk control (dissociation of upper & lower trunk)

Question 15

Most effective way of normalizing tone within NDT?

Answer 15

Facilitate weight bearing through affected side.

–This provides sensory input to hemi side through proprioception.
–Closed chain movement.

Question 16

Traumatic vs. Non-traumatic brain injury?

Answer 16

Non-traumatic: Internal cause (stroke, pressure from tumor, lack of oxygen, etc.)

Traumatic: External cause.

Question 17

NDT interventions

Answer 17

Bimanual techniques

CIMT

Limb activation (hemineglect)–engage in WB=proprioceptive input.

Mirror therapy (phantom limb or stroke)–use mirror neurons to “trick the brain.” Increases movement, awareness, sensation, & function of affected limb.

Rood’s