Exam 2 Review -- Echinococcus spp.

Question 1

What is c?

Answer 1

Endocyst

Question 2

Which Echinococcus - when it is an adult - has a thick shell and has granules?

Answer 2

Echinococcus granulosus

Question 3

What is the shortest cestode? How many proglottids does the latter have?

Answer 3

Echinococcus granulosus; 3

Question 4

With respect to the Echinococcus, if the hydatid cyst rupture, what are the consequences?

Answer 4

Anaphylactic shock or death

Question 5

Name the types of proglottids (a, b, c) for this adult cestode.

Answer 5

immature; mature; gravid

Question 6

What type of parasite is this?

Answer 6

Adult of Echinococcus granulosus

Question 7

What is a?

Answer 7

Host response: thick fibrous tissue

Question 8

What is the parasite on image E? What adjective describes the latter?

Answer 8

E. granulosus; cystic

Question 9

What is the intermediate host of Echinococcus sp.?

Answer 9

sheep, goats, swine

Question 10

What is the definitive host of Echinococcus sp.?

Answer 10

dogs and other canidae

Question 11

Who or what is the intermediate host of Echinococcus sp.? Who is the accidental intermediate host?

Answer 11

sheep, goats, swine; human

Question 12

Which Echinococcus has many locations?

Answer 12

Echinococcus multilocularis

Question 13

What type of parasite is this? What is the genus and name for this parasite?

Answer 13

Adult cestode; Echinococcus granulosus

Question 14

What are f, g, and h?

Answer 14

rostellum; hooks; suckers

Question 15

What is b? How many cells are there?

Answer 15

Ectocyst; none

Question 16

What is a & b?

Answer 16

gravid proglottid; eggs of Echinococcus granulosus

Question 17

Complete the life cycle of Echinococcus sp.? Eggs ingested by a definitive host (____) -> _______ is released -> migrate to tissue (liver, lung, …) -> Hydrated cyst (with ______) -> Develops to adults in intestines -> Eggs in Feces

Answer 17

dog; oncosphere; protoscolices

Question 18

What is d?

Answer 18

Hooks

Question 19

With respect to the Echinococcus, if the hydatid cyst breaches the liver or lungs, it will ______.

Answer 19

gradually expand

Question 20

What are c, d, and e?

Answer 20

mature proglottid; immature proglottid; suckers

Question 21

What is d? How many protoscolices are there?

Answer 21

Hydatid cysts; 6

Question 22

Between an E. granulosus and E. multilocularis, which one is more dangerous. Explain.

Answer 22

E. multilocularis (right image) is more dangerous because it has a thin layer, can easily rupture and migrate to other organs.

Question 23

What is the life cycle of Echinococcus sp.?

Answer 23

Eggs ingested by a definitive host (dog) -> oncosphere is released -> migrate to tissue (liver, lung, …) -> Hydatid cyst (with protoscolices) -> Develops to adults in intestines -> Eggs in Feces

Question 24

What is the dangerous state of the Echinococcus?

Answer 24

Metacestode stage S

Question 25

What is the parasite on the image F? What adjective describes the latter?

Answer 25

E. multilocularis; alveolus

Question 26

Which is the metacestode stage of the Echinococcus sp.?

Answer 26

Hydatid cyst in the liver, lungs, etc.

Question 27

What are the potential dangers of hydatid cysts?

Answer 27

anaphylactic shock and death

Question 28

What is the accidental intermediate host of Echinococcus sp.?

Answer 28

Humans