Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Exam 2 Review > Flashcards

Exam 2 Review Flashcards

1
Q

This tranquilizer should be avoided in breeding stallions.

A

acepromazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

________________ is the amplification or suppression of pain impulses by neurons in the

A

modulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_____________________ involves the use of a combination of an opioid drug with a tranquilizer

A

neuroleptanalgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

_______________ is a CNS stimulant that works at the medulla of the brainstem to increase

A

doxapram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ketamine is classified as a ____________ controlled substance.

A

C-III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

μ-mediated opioid analgesia primarily works by:

A

decreasing release of excitatory neurotransmitters and dampening excitation of post-synaptic sites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Gas anesthetic agents:

A

produce anesthesia in a manner that is poorly understood
are administered via the lungs
do not produce metabolites potentially toxic to the kidney
(all of these)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

_______________ was the first alpha 2-agonist drug used in veterinary medicine, and remains

A

Xylazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Opioids and opiates are exactly the same substances

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The use of which NMDA receptor antagonist(s) is thought to prevent spinal cord wind-up?

A

Tilemaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drugs that reduce the perception of pain without significant loss of other sensations are called ________________.

A

analgesics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The tranquilizer drug __________ produces its effect by enhancing GABA activity.

A

Diazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Historically, _____________ are drugs that were used to induce anesthesia or provide primary

A

barbituates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The reversal drugs for ___________ are yohimbine and tolazoline

A

Xylazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Propofol

A

inhibits the NMDA receptor
(all of these)
is an injectable anesthetic agent
directly stimulates the GABA-A receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

__________________ is a mixed agonist/antagonist opioid that is labeled for use as an antitussive in small animals.

A

butorphanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

__________ is an example of a dissociative anesthetic drug.

A

ketamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

One effect of medetomidine administration is brachycardia

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tranquilizers and sedative produce a relaxed state via the same mechanism of action.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Gas anesthetics do not provide analgesia

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

________is the prototypical opioid drug against which all other opioids tend to be measured

A

Morphine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The 4 steps of the pain pathway (in order) are

A

Transduction, transmission, modulation,perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

First-degree AV block

A

is a result of slowed rate of depolarization wave conduction through AV node
appears as a prolonged PR interval on ECG
(all of these)
occurs with the use of Class II antiarrhythmic drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The 4 types of adrenergic receptors with the greatest adrenergic drug roles are:

A

α1, β1, α2, β2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The ____________ nervous system is referred to as the “fight or flight” system.

A

sympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

prevent angiotensin II and aldosterone formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The heart consists of a __________-pump system.

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Heart valves allow blood flow in a single direction.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

____________ is a loop diuretic used to promote water loss in patients with CHF.

A

furosemide

30
Q

___________ is a potassium-sparing diuretic

A

spironolactone

31
Q

Cats with cardiac disease are at decreased risk for thrombotic events, such as saddle thrombus.

A

False

32
Q

Long term use of β blockers results in down regulation of the β1 receptors on cell surface.

A

False

33
Q

The _______recieves oxygen rich blood from the lungs.

A

Pulmonary veins

34
Q

The ventricular contraction is recorded as the T wave on the ECG

A

False

35
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

Prevent angiotensin 11 and aldosterone formation

36
Q

Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker is used to treat atrial fibrillation

A

True

37
Q

The pacemaker of the heart

A

Is located in the right atrium

38
Q

________reduces pulmonary edema formation and is available as a topical cream.

A

Nitroglycerin

39
Q

Any abnormal electrical activity in the heart is called an________.

A

Arrhythmia

40
Q

Cardiac cell depolarization

A

Occurs when calcium channels open

41
Q

_____________ therapy is indicated in animals that are transiently hypoxic.

A

Oxygen

42
Q

Mucolytic agents

A

decrease mucus viscosity

43
Q

Horses with recurrent airway obstruction may be treated with aerosolized ____________

A

corticosteroids

44
Q

Nonproductive coughing

A

occurs during the late stages of infection or inflammation

45
Q

Antimicrobial use in food animals

A

none of these?

46
Q

Bronchoconstriction mechanisms include all of the following except

A

stimulation of bronchiolar β2 receptors

47
Q

This class of bronchodilators includes theophylline and aminophylline

A

Methylxanthines

48
Q

Corticosteroids are contraindicated for use in the treatment of feline asthma syndrome.

A

False

49
Q

The cough center is a cluster of neurons located in the cerebellum of the brain.

A

False

50
Q

Centrally acting antitussives

A

suppress cough center neurons

51
Q

Albuterol is a bronchodilator administered via inhalation using_______

A

Metered dose inhalers

52
Q

Chronic use of rescue inhalers leads to Beta receptor upregulation

A

false

53
Q

Horses with recurrent airway obstruction may be treated with aerosolized __________as part of

A

Corticosteroids

54
Q

Locally acting antitussives are commonly utilized in veterinary medicine

A

False

55
Q

Decongestants

A

are not typically used in veterinary medicine

56
Q

The opioid antidiarrheal drugs.

A

All of these

57
Q

The antiulcer drug_______acts as a “gastric Band-aid”.

A

Sucralfate

58
Q

The syndrome occurs when the pancreas fails to produce sufficient amounts of several digestive enzymes

A

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

59
Q

This type of contraction propels food along the GI tract.

A

Peristaltic

60
Q

Digestion is a conscious process controlled by the autonomic nervous system.

A

False

61
Q

Maripotant is an NK-1 agonist that has always been labeled for injection in dogs and cats in the US.

A

False

62
Q

Apomorphine is an emetic drug used to induce vomiting in dogs, cats, and rabbits

A

False

63
Q

________are drug molecules that cause other molecules to adhere to their outer surfaces and decrease the likelihood of those compounds being absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract.

A

Adsorbents

64
Q

Secretory diarrhea is caused by _________ produced by intestinal bacteria.

A

Enterotoxins

65
Q

Metoclopramide is considered a ____________ drug.

A

Prokinetic

66
Q

A dog presents on emergency after ingesting an entire pan of double chocolate brownies approximately 30-45 minutes ago. You should inform the client of the cost of treatment, obtain consent, and induce vomiting.

A

True

67
Q

H+ is actively secreted into the gastric lumen by the

A

parietal cell

68
Q

Sulfasalazine is an antibiotic chemically linked to a salicylate molecule, which is the component that acts as an antidiarrheal drug.

A

True

69
Q

H2 blockers

A

all of these

70
Q

Induction of emesis via 3% hydrogen peroxide

A

should be limited to 1.1-2.2 mL/kg (limit 45mL)

71
Q

_____________ can have neurologic side effects and is prohibited from use in food animals.

A

metronidazole

Pharmacology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions