exam 2 reading summary notes Flashcards
what is the most common psychological disorder
mood disorders
what is the difference between a manic episode and a hypomanic episode
a less severe manic episode that does not cause impairment in social or occupational functioning is a hypomanic episode
what is an episode of mania coupled with anxiety or depression known as
mixed episode or mixed state
what is the difference between unipolar and bipolar disorder
uni: episodes of depression only
bi: alternates between depression and mania
what is the difference between MDD and PDD
MDD: may be a single episode or recurrent, but is always time limited
PDD: milder but symptoms are relatively unchanged over long periods
what is cyclothymic disorder
a milder but more chronic version of bipolar disorder
what are specifiers
patterns of additional features that sometimes accompany mood disorders that may predict the course or patient response to treatment
what are researchers most interested in from a biological perspective of depression
stress hypothesis and the role of neurohormones
what are researchers most interested in from a psychological theory of depression
learned helplessness and the depressive cognitive schemas
interpersonal disruptions
what is the difference between anxiety and fear
anxiety: a future oriented state characterized by negative affect
fear: present oriented state characterized by escapist tendencies and a surge in the sympathetic branch
what is a panic attack
the alarm response of real fear but with no actual danger
what is generalized anxiety disorder
focuses on minor, everyday events and not on one major worry or concern
what is an adjustment disorder
the development of anxiety or depression in response to stressful, but not traumatic, life events
what is reactive attachment disorder
children who are inhibited and emotionally withdrawn and unable to form attachment with caregivers
what is disinhibited social engagement disorder
children who inappropriately approach all strangers, behaving as if they had always had strong loving relationships with them
