Exam 2 Questions

Question 1

The California Newt is only found in California. This is an example of a(n) ______ species.
a. Ubiquitous
b. metapopulation
c. endemic
d. invasive

Answer 1

C

Question 2

If (via global warming) the temperatures increased in Canada, the red maple might be able to extend its _______ to the North.
a. population size
b. migration route
c. age structure
d. geographic range

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A populations density is calculated as the
a. area over which the population is distributed
b. number of individuals within the population
c. unit of area divided by the number of individuals
d. number of individuals per unit area

Answer 3

D

Question 4

An ecologist counts the number of individuals in five samples of equal area for 4 species of organisms. Which of these counts best represents a clumped population?
a. 23, 21, 25, 22, 18
b. 133, 124, 113, 128, 119
c. 47, 18, 93, 12, 28
d. 12, 13, 12, 13, 11

Answer 4

C

Question 5

Which of the following best represents a measure of ecological density?
a. number of frogs per meter of pond shoreline
b. number of birds per hectare
c. number of mammals per meter
d. number of fish per volume of ocean

Answer 5

A

Question 6

Which of the following methods would work best to estimate flower species diversity?
a. mark-recapture
b. Lincoln Peterson Index
c. Quadrats
d. distribution mapping

Answer 6

C

Question 7

The demographic age pyramid of a rapidly growing population is
a. wide at the base, narrow at the top
b. wide at the top, narrow at the bottom
c. wide at top and bottom, narrow in the middle
d. similarly wide from top to bottom

Answer 7

A

Question 8

The sex ratio of humans at birth is
a. skewed towards females
b. skewed towards males
c. 1:1
d. the same as birds

Answer 8

B

Question 9

A dynamic composite life table is different from a dynamic life table in that it uses individuals
a. born over several time periods
b. born in a single time period
c. from several different locations
d. from several different life tables

Answer 9

A

Question 10

A population that is growing has a net reproductive rate (R) that is
a. =0
b. >0 and <1
c. =1
d. >1

Answer 10

D

Question 11

A population that is increasing in size has an intrinsic rate of population growth (r) that is
a. <0
b. =0
c. >0
d. >1

Answer 11

C

Question 12

Survivorship curves plot _____ against x.
a. dx
b. lx
c. log lx
d. qx

Answer 12

C

Question 13

Age-specific mortality is defined as the
a. difference between the number of individuals alive for any age class and the next older age class
b. number of individuals that died during any given time interval divided by the number alive at the beginning of that interval
c. Number of individuals from the original cohort who are alive at the specified age
d. probability at birth of surviving to any given age

Answer 13

A

Question 14

The average number of female offspring born to a female over her lifetime is referred to as the
a. crude birthrate
b. age-specific birthrate
c. gross reproductive rate
d. net reproductive rate

Answer 14

D

Question 15

The gross reproductive rate is
a. the total number of offspring born to a population
b. the total number of offspring born to a population each year
c. the average number of female offspring born in a year
d. the average number of female offspring born to her over her lifetime

Answer 15

D

Question 16

Which of the following equations reflects the exponential model of population growth?
a. N(t) = b - d
b. s = (delta)N / (delta)T
c. N(t) = N(O)e^rt
d. dN / dt = rN

Answer 16

D

Question 17

A trade-off for having many offspring would be
a. they would likely be small in size
b. they would likely be large in size
c. they would require a large amount of parental care
d. they would have high survivorship

Answer 17

C

Question 18

An advantage to sexual reproduction is
a. there is no need to find a mate
b. the potential for high population growth
c. that offspring are adapted to the local environment
d. increased genetic variability

Answer 18

D

Question 19

An individual plant that possesses both male and female reproductive organs is known as
a. imperfect
b. dioecious
c. perfect
d. asexual

Answer 19

C

Question 20

Early sexual maturity is predicted to result in
a. lower overall lifetime reproduction
b. higher overall lifetime reproduction
c. higher reproduction earlier in life
d. higher reproduction later in life

Answer 20

C

Question 21

If infant mortality rates are declining, how can the overall population growth rate slow down?
a. decreased adult survival
b. increased resource efficiency
c. decreased reproductive output
d. decreased demographic transition

Answer 21

C

Question 22

In long-lived species of organisms, the primary advantage of delaying reproduction (later maturity) is
a. increased survivorship
b. obtaining a higher quality territory
c. increased number of mates
d. larger initial body size during their first reproduction event

Answer 22

D

Question 23

As population size (N) increases, the per capita
a. birthrate and death rate increase
b. birthrate increases and deathrate decreases
c. birthrate decreases and deathrate increases
d. birthrate and deathrate decrease

Answer 23

A

Question 24

As the density of population increases, the
a. survival rate increases
b. reproductive rate increases
c. intensity of intraspecific competition decreases
d. individual growth rate decreases

Answer 24

D

Question 25

In logistic growth, the point at which population growth ceases is referred to as the
a. threshold of security
b. Malthusian parameter
c. saturation point
d. carrying capacity

Answer 25

D