EXAM 2 prod dev Flashcards
Merchandise Planning
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Process of maximizing return on investment through planning assortments & production that increases productivity and minimizes losses, excess goods, and stockouts
- integrates firm’s financial goals with brands strategies and consumer/product trends to develop forecasts, product plans, and a functional time/action calendar
Demand Forecast is also known as
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Sales Forecast
Demand Forecast
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Projection of achievable sales revenue based on sales data, strategic growth goals, quality & capacity of supply chain, and market analysis
Market Trend Analysis
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Helps to anticipate any demographic shifts or market conditions that might impact customers traffic and engagement
Merchandise Budget
7
Tool identifying how much inventory needs to be in stock & ready for distribution using demand forecast and sales targets factoring in an estimated cost for goods, anticipated initial margins, and seasonal reductions
- synchronized with marketing & sourcing department
Line plan & what it addresses
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Anticipates merchandise inventory levels required to maximize sales potential & return on investment; primarily data driven and serves as a guide for the design team identifying:
- # of deliveries
- range of fabrics
- product assortment by category
- target costs & margins
- big picture creative goals based on current season trends
Line Concept
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Well-executed merchandising establishes an environment that nurtures the designer’s creativity while providing the controls for an effective line development
Concept Boards
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Illustrates theme for line, providing visual means of communicating color, fabric, silhouette, shapes/proportions, key categories, or influential designers/brands
Concept Review
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Checkpoint for thr design team to present their ideas to merchandising, sales, and marketing teams to ensure the desgin assortments and in sync with the line plan expectations
Line Review
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Final evaluation of the fully defined & costed garments with a technical package; represents the product that will go into production
Assortment Plan is also known as
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Range Plan
Assortment Plan
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Detailed chart showing the # of styles, fabrics, colors, and sizes that will be included in the line
- establishes the right variety and balance for the brand’s target customer
The 2 assortment planning models
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Pyrimid: Lowest/broadest level is basics, middle is key items for season where product developers interpret current trends, and the top is fashion forward items
Diamond: basics represent only a small portion, key items make up the bulk, and fashion forward items are also small
Organization of the line: Separates & Coordinates
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Separates: lines created around products that intended to be sold one piece at a time
- Hero Products: small number of well-designed product representing the brands DNA & serve as gateway to marketplace
Coordinate Lines: lines organized around fabric groups & intended to be purchased & worn together
Legal protection of design terms
7
- Intelletual Property (IP)
- Copyright Protection: legal protection for authors of non-useful, original compositions (not normally given to clothing)
- Trademark: any words, symbol, color, or combination thats adopted and used by a manufacturer to identify goods
- Trade Dress: broader term covering the totality of elements in which the product/service is packaged/presented
- Patents
- Counterfits
Standards
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A document that provides requirements, specifications, guidelines, and characteristics that can be used consistently to ensure materials, finished products, and production proesses are fit for their end purpose
Specifications
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Design spec is open or closed
- closed: must use exact materials
- open: generic information
- tech pack
Tech Pack
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Technical Specification Package: Defines expectations for the final product and the methods used to achieve them
Types of PLM Software
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- Computer Aided Design (CAD): Software for creating original design sketches, layout of merchandising boards (2D)
- Specification Library: Stores info about materials & drawings of past styles that can be drawn on when developing a new design spec
- Pattern Design Software (PDS): Tools needed to prepare a design for industrial production & sales in a commercial environment
- Three-Dimensional Patternmaking: Displays virtual images of garments to test design concept & fit
Design Specifications
Technical Flat
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Accurate drawings of the front & back of a proposed garment as it appears in 2D spread out on a flat surface
Desgin Specifications
Measurement Chart
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List of target finished garment measurements that guide the patternmaker to create a first pattern
Design Specifications
Sewing Instructions
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Standards for stitch & seam type
- seam & hem depths
- topstitch gauges
- stitches per inch
Design Specifications
BOM
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Bill of Materials
Design Specifications
Cost Sheet
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A preliminary wholesale cost estimate sheet
Patternmaking
Pattern Drafting
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Process of translating a 3D form into a 2D form
- Pattern drafting systems start with body measurements that are laid into a coordinate grid
Developing Patterns
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- Draping
- Flat-Pattern Method: starts with a block pattern (sloper) that’s draped/drafted and then manipulated by slash-andspread method, transferring fitting darts, or adding seams for design interest
- Trace-off: similar to pattern drafting, measurements coming from existing garment, sample may have to be refit, reverse engineering or rub-off
Grading
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Patterns for each size are made using grading rules to expand the distance proportionally between landmark points on a grid
Marker
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large piece of paper that covers the stack of fabric, includes every pattern piece, and minimizes waste to receive the best yield
Tag Board
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Heavy manilla cardboard
Production Pattern
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Used in production, accurate seam allowances, gradelines, notches, and identifying info are included
Functions of the Tech Pack
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main form of communication between brand & manufacturer
- identification of construction methods
- specific fabrics, findings, and trim details
- colorways of each style
- fit specs and grade rules
- labels, hangtags, and info about their attachment to the garment
- packaging info
Components of the Tech Pack
3
- Front view
- Back view
- Detail view
- Sample spec/points of measure (POM)
- Grade rules page
- Bill of materials (BOM)
- Construction methods
- Labels & packaging
- Fit history, sample evaluation comments
Know what each page of the tech pack features!!
3
Study it.
Tolerance
3
Allowable amount of difference betweeen spec and actual sample
FOB
3
“Free on board” price
Strikeoffs
3
Large swatches in each colorway
Handlooms
3
Small woven specially dyed swatches of desired yarn dye request sent to designer for approval
Color Standard
3
Exact shade of each of the colors
Special Fabrics Development
3
When special print or plaid is run; it’ll have its own specification page
