Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmaceutics I > Exam 2 - Powerpoint 6 (Liquid Dosage) > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Powerpoint 6 (Liquid Dosage) Flashcards

1
Q

Routes of Admin

A

Oral, Otic, Ophthalmic, Topical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Syrup

A

aqueous solution containing sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Elixers

A

combination of water and ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Spirit

A

Solutions of aromatic materials with alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tinctures or fluid extracts

A

Solutions extract active constituents from crude drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Solubility Factors

A 
Solvent used
Pressure
pH of the solution
Physical agitation applied to the solution
Particle size
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Solubility

A

Solubility of agent in particular solvent indicates max conc (saturation)

Temp can increase or decrease solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Positive heat of solution

A

chemical absorb heat when dissolved, increasing solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Negative heat of solution

A

solubility decreases as temp increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Solvents

A

Water

Alcohol

Water + Alc = hydroalcoholic mixture

Glycerin and glycols are used with alcohol to reduce the amount of alcohol needed to solubilize drugs

FDA limits alcohol in children’s 6-12yr old product to 0.5%, 12+ = 5% and adults 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Diluted alcohol

A

50/50 mixture of Alcohol, USP and Purified Water, USP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rubbing Alcohol

A

70% ethyl alcohol, with water, denaturants, perfume oils and stabilizers.

Each 100ml must contain 355mg sucrose octoacetate or 1.4 denatonium benzoate to discourage oral ingestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Glycerin (Glycerol)

A

Clear syrupy liquid with alcohol solvent properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Isopropyl Rubbing Alcohol

A

70% isopropyl alcohol used as soothing rub

91% used as sterilizing agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Propylene Glycol

A

Solvent miscible with water and alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Purified water, USP

A

Distilled to remove impurities

17
Q

Percent weight in volume

A

1%, 1gm/100ml

18
Q

Percent volume in volume

A

1%, 1ml/100ml

19
Q

Percent weight in weight

A

1%, 1gm/100gm

20
Q

Ratio of weight in volume

A

1:1000 w/v = 1gm/1000ml

21
Q

Ratio of strength to volume in volume

A

1/1000 v/v = 1ml/1000ml

22
Q

Ratio of strength to weight in weight

A

1/1000 w/w = 1mg/1000gm

23
Q

Factors in formulation

A 
Flavorants
Colorants
Stabilizers
Preservatives
Dosing quantity: 5ml, 10ml or 15ml vs drops
24
Q

Rehydration Solutions

A

Electrolyte replenishment for rapid fluid loss due to diarrhea or vomiting

Contains sodium, potassium and chloride

Glucose or dextrose is in some products

Rice based formula is glucose free

25
Q

Oral Colonic lavage solutions

A

Magnesium citrate or citrate of magnesia made with magnesium carbonate and citric acid, plus favoring

PEG-3350 Go-lytely
(electrolytes and polyethylene glycol - 4 liter container)

26
Q

Systemic alkalizing agent

A

Sodium citrate and Citric acid used for patients to alkalinize the urine to dissolve uric acid and cysteine calculi of the urinary tract

27
Q

Syrups

A

non-medicated syrups have sucrose, water, flavoring agents, coloring agents and the drug is added to the syrup

Water soluble drugs that are stable in aqueous solution

Simple syrup,NF is 85gm sucrose/ 100ml pur. water

28
Q

Antimicrobial preservative

A

Benzoic Acid 0.1% to 0.2%

Sodium benzoate 0.1% to 0.2%

Methylparabens, propylparabens and butylparabents = 0.1%

Alcohol is preserving in 15-20% range, but would not be present in a syrup at that high of a percentage

29
Q

Flavors and colors

A

Volatile oils, vanillin and other synthetic or natural flavoring agents are used

Flavorants must be water soluble but alcohol is sometimes used to solubilize the agent first

30
Q

Elixers

A

Clear, sweetened hydro alcoholic solutions for oral use

Less sweet and viscous than syrups

Easier to solubilize water and alcohol soluble drugs

Sweetend with sucrose, sorbitol, glycerin or artificial sweeteners (saccharin)

10-12% alcohol as self preserving - don’t need antimicrobial agents

31
Q

Tinctures

A

Opium tincture, USP contains 10% opium (1% morphine in equivalence) dosed in drops

Camphorated tincture of opium contains 0.4% opium

32
Q

Topical tinctures

A

Green soap tincture (Detergent)

Iodine tincture (anti-infective)

Compound benzoin tincture (Protecant)

Podophyllin tincture (wart removal)

33
Q

Aluminum acetate:

A

astringent, diluted in 10-40 parts of water: Burow’s solution

34
Q

Hydrogen peroxide:

A

2.5-3.5% (w/v), local anti-infective used on the skin, releases oxygen

35
Q

Coal tar contains:

A

20% coal tar, 5% polysorbate 80

From coal, double in non-aqueous solvents and used to treat eczema

36
Q

Chlorhexide

A

Topical in Hibiclens 4%

Oral in Peridex 0.12%

37
Q

Povidone - Iodine

A

chemical complex of iodine with polyvinylpyrrolidone used as a surgical scrub

38
Q

thimerosal Topical solution

A

Mercurial agent for antibacterial/antifungal use

39
Q

vaginal douches

A

for irrigation cleansing

Contains boric acid or sodium borate

Astringents
Antimicrobials
Detergents
Salts
Aromatics

Pharmaceutics I (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions