Exam 2 Pelvis Flashcards
What is the patient position for the modified cleaves method?
frog leg position
What is the mortality rate with pelvic fractures?
20%
Which bones form the acetabulum?
ilium, pubis, ischium
how are intertrochanteric fractures usually treated?
open reduction and internal fixation
what is Legg-Calve Perthes disease?
femoral head lesion
which of the following describes a transcervical fracture?
fracture through mid neck of femur
which are the most common sites evaluated for osteoporosis?
lumbar spine, hip, forearm
which of the following is true concerning the female pelvis?
it is broader and shallower than the males
where does a subcapital fracture occur?
just beneath the bead of the femur
on a cross-table lateral hip projection, where is the upper border of the cassette placed?
within the crease above the iliac crest
which of the following describes the Danelius-Miller method?
axial cross-table lateral projection of hip
which finding associated with the pelvis is considered unstable?
two or more breaks in the pelvic ring
what is an osteosarcoma?
long bone neoplasm
how do you position the toes for a hip x-ray when no fracture Is suspected?
internally rotate 15 degrees
on an AP projection of the pelvis, why would the right obturator appear smaller than the left?
left side of body rotated away from table
relaxed during adduction; of little importance in adults
ligamentum teres
Where does the CR enter for an AP hip
between ASIS and greater trochanter or 2 inches above the fold of the leg
where should the cassette be placed for an axiolateral cross-table hip Danelius-Miller method
placed with long axis of femoral neck, upper border placed in crease above iliac crest
where should the CR enter for an axiolateral cross-table hip Danelius-Miller method
perpendicular to the long axis of the femoral neck
when do you use the axiolateral Clements-Nakayama modification?
if the patient has bilateral hip fracture, bilateral hip arthroplasty, or limited movement of the unaffected hip
where should the CR be enter for an axiolateral Clements-Nakayama modification?
CR 15 degrees caudal (posterior) and aligned perpendicular to the femoral neck and cassette
what would you do if the patient is unable to lie flat?
use pillows
what would you do if the patient is unable to move affected leg or fracture is suspected?
cross-table Danelius-Miller method
what would you do if both legs are affected and patient cannot move either legs?
axiolateral Clements-Nakayama modification
what is the most common hip fracture?
intertrochanteric fracture
what are the 3 joints in the pelvis?
hip, SI, pubic symphysis
what kind of joint are the SI joints?
synovial
what kind of joint is the hip joint?
synovial
what kind of joint is the pubic symphysis?
cartilagenous
where should the cassette be placed for an AP pelvis?
upper border of cassette is 1-1.5 inches above the crest
where should the CR enter for an AP pelvis?
midway between ASIS and pubis symphysis
for congenital dislocation what are the two projections needed?
AP and AP axial
where should the CR enter for a lateral or superior displacement of femoral head?
perpendicular to pubic symphysis
where should the CR enter for a posterior or anterior displacement of femoral head?
45 degrees cephalic directed at pubic symphysis
where should the CR enter for an AP Axial Oulet projection (Taylor method)?
2 inches distal to the superior border of the pubic symphysis
males: 20-35 degrees cephalic
females: 30-45 degrees cephalic
where should the CR enter for an AP Axial Inlet projection (Bridgeman method)?
40 degrees caudal centered at level of ASIS
what is considered a stable pelvic fracture?
fracture of single bone or single break in the pelvic ring
complications of pelvic fractures:
life threatening hemorrhage, sitting imbalance, leg length discrepancy
females have a ____ lifetime risk of fractures from
40%
__% of people over __ years of age have degenerative arthritis or osteoarthritis
85%, 70
most common type of malignant bone cancer, often localized at long bones, commonly affects the lower end of the femur or the upper end of the tibia or humerus
osteosarcoma
